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Gene Dmel\Cyt-c-d

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Cyt-c-d	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Cytochrome c distal	Annotation symbol	CG13263
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0086907
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	8 publicly available
Also Known As	bln, DC3, Cyt c, cyt c-d
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map	2-[52]
Cytogenetic map	36A11-36A11	Sequence location	2L:16,715,858..16,719,635 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Cytochrome c distal is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Cyt-c-d (CG13263, FBgn0086907). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: electron carrier activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: activation of caspase activity; sperm individualization; regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death. 16 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: tertiary pigment cell; major mitochondrial derivative; spermatid; spermatid axoneme; secondary pigment cell; minor mitochondrial derivative. It has one annotated transcript and one annotated polypeptide. Protein features are: Cytochrome c domain; Cytochrome c, class I; Cytochrome c, class IA/ IB. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult testis. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval fat body. Comments on Affy2 ProbeSet: ProbeSet 1626241_at completely aligns to an exonic region of the only FlyBase-annotated transcript isoform of Cyt-c-d. Gene sequence location is 2L:16715858..16719635.
External Summaries
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	Cyt-c1 and Cyt-c2: Cytochrome c Apparently the structural genes for two cytochrome-c type enzymes, which differ from each other in 32/107 amino-acid residues. Cyt-c1 (sequence D3) expressed at constant, but relatively low, level throughout development; Cyt-c2 (sequence D4) expressed at varying, but relatively high, levels throughout development. Amino acid sequence also given in Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: Proteins (Fasman, ed.) CRC Press, Cleveland, Vol. 3, pp. 282-83.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10
FB2012_01	Sequence features BKN26830 HFA03309
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 36A11-36A11   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}grpEP921&P{lacW}l(2)k13905k13905 and P{lacW}gluk08819
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 36A1-36B6   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 36A1-36B6     (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) 36A10-36A11   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Limbach and Wu, 1985)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-[52]
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Cyt-c-d for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Cyt-c-d-RA FBtr0080888  NM_057816   870   105
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	2.1 (northern blot) (Limbach and Wu, 1985)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Cyt-c-d-PA   FBpp0080445   11.4   105   9.95     NP_477164   AAF53553
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	105 (aa) (Limbach and Wu, 1985)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cytochrome c, class IA/ IB (IPR002327) Cytochrome c domain (IPR009056) Cytochrome c, class I (IPR003088) MitoDrome - A database of annotated Dmel nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins • MTDROME13263
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014134 AAF53553   AC005133   AC006214   AC093097   AI257298   AI260241   AI297936   AI945170   AI945264   AI945421   AI946469   AI946785   AQ026408   AQ073476   AQ074057   AW944049   BE976966   BE977554   BE979056   BF486357   BF492467   BF492468   BF497442   BF498137   BF498144   BF498635   BF498686   BF500535   BF503243   BF504224   BF505115   BF505892   BF506244   BG634684   BG635026   BG635167   BT006002 AAO67367   CO181110   CO184412   CZ472088   CZ476437   CZ486452   CZ486453   EC264617   GH739733   GH741363   GH742124   GH745074   GH746638   GH761568   GH761726   GH762171   GH762393   GH763409   GH763995   GH764228   GH766706   GH767308   GH768968   GH769135   GH769479   GH769571   GH779349   GO254575   X01761 CAA25901
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	P04657
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference larval stage -- adult stage     (Limbach and Wu, 1985) adult stage   adult thorax   (Limbach and Wu, 1985) adult head   (Limbach and Wu, 1985) adult abdomen   (Limbach and Wu, 1985) adult stage | male   organism   (Arama et al., 2003)
Additional Descriptive Data
	Cyt-c-d-XR is expressed at a low and steady level in all developmental stages and all adult body parts examined. (Limbach and Wu, 1985)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0086907    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0086907 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of very high expression to a trough of very low expression. Peak expression observed during late pupal stages, in adult male stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0086907 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr    1491 embryo 10-12hr    2474 embryo 12-14hr    6654 embryo 14-16hr    3996 embryo 16-18hr    7854 embryo 18-20hr    5130 embryo 20-22hr    2261 embryo 22-24hr    3472 larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1929 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2482 white prepupae new    2348 white prepupae 12hr    4111 white prepupae 24hr    6204 pupae 2d postWPP    8874 pupae 3d postWPP    10852 pupae 4d postWPP    6594 adult male 01day    13118 adult male 05day    14822 adult male 30day    11400 adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr  (737) embryo 08-10hr  (1491) embryo 10-12hr  (2474) embryo 12-14hr  (6654) embryo 14-16hr  (3996) embryo 16-18hr  (7854) embryo 18-20hr  (5130) embryo 20-22hr  (2261) embryo 22-24hr  (3472) larva L1  (582) larva L2  (422) larva L3 12hr old  (296) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1097) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1929) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2482) white prepupae new  (2348) white prepupae 12hr  (4111) white prepupae 24hr  (6204) pupae 2d postWPP  (8874) pupae 3d postWPP  (10852) pupae 4d postWPP  (6594) adult male 01day  (13118) adult male 05day  (14822) adult male 30day  (11400) adult female 01day  (358) adult female 05day  (264) adult female 30day  (247) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr  1491 embryo 10-12hr  (2474) embryo 12-14hr  (6654) embryo 14-16hr  (3996) embryo 16-18hr  (7854) embryo 18-20hr  (5130) embryo 20-22hr  (2261) embryo 22-24hr  (3472) larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1929) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2482) white prepupae new  (2348) white prepupae 12hr  (4111) white prepupae 24hr  (6204) pupae 2d postWPP  (8874) pupae 3d postWPP  (10852) pupae 4d postWPP  (6594) adult male 01day  (13118) adult male 05day  (14822) adult male 30day  (11400) adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr    1491 embryo 10-12hr    2474 embryo 12-14hr    6654 embryo 14-16hr    3996 embryo 16-18hr    7854 embryo 18-20hr    5130 embryo 20-22hr    2261 embryo 22-24hr    3472 larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1929 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2482 white prepupae new    2348 white prepupae 12hr    4111 white prepupae 24hr    6204 pupae 2d postWPP    8874 pupae 3d postWPP  (10852) pupae 4d postWPP    6594 adult male 01day  (13118) adult male 05day  (14822) adult male 30day  (11400) adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr    1491 embryo 10-12hr    2474 embryo 12-14hr    6654 embryo 14-16hr    3996 embryo 16-18hr    7854 embryo 18-20hr    5130 embryo 20-22hr    2261 embryo 22-24hr    3472 larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1929 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2482 white prepupae new    2348 white prepupae 12hr    4111 white prepupae 24hr    6204 pupae 2d postWPP    8874 pupae 3d postWPP    10852 pupae 4d postWPP    6594 adult male 01day    13118 adult male 05day    14822 adult male 30day    11400 adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0086907 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr    1491 embryo 10-12hr    2474 embryo 12-14hr    6654 embryo 14-16hr    3996 embryo 16-18hr    7854 embryo 18-20hr    5130 embryo 20-22hr    2261 embryo 22-24hr    3472 larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1929 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2482 white prepupae new    2348 white prepupae 12hr    4111 white prepupae 24hr    6204 pupae 2d postWPP    8874 pupae 3d postWPP    10852 pupae 4d postWPP    6594 adult male 01day    13118 adult male 05day    14822 adult male 30day    11400 adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr  (737) embryo 08-10hr  (1491) embryo 10-12hr  (2474) embryo 12-14hr  (6654) embryo 14-16hr  (3996) embryo 16-18hr  (7854) embryo 18-20hr  (5130) embryo 20-22hr  (2261) embryo 22-24hr  (3472) larva L1  (582) larva L2  (422) larva L3 12hr old  (296) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1097) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1929) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2482) white prepupae new  (2348) white prepupae 12hr  (4111) white prepupae 24hr  (6204) pupae 2d postWPP  (8874) pupae 3d postWPP  (10852) pupae 4d postWPP  (6594) adult male 01day  (13118) adult male 05day  (14822) adult male 30day  (11400) adult female 01day  (358) adult female 05day  (264) adult female 30day  (247) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr  1491 embryo 10-12hr  (2474) embryo 12-14hr  (6654) embryo 14-16hr  (3996) embryo 16-18hr  (7854) embryo 18-20hr  (5130) embryo 20-22hr  2261 embryo 22-24hr  (3472) larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  1929 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2482) white prepupae new  2348 white prepupae 12hr  (4111) white prepupae 24hr  (6204) pupae 2d postWPP  (8874) pupae 3d postWPP  (10852) pupae 4d postWPP  (6594) adult male 01day  (13118) adult male 05day  (14822) adult male 30day  (11400) adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr    1491 embryo 10-12hr    2474 embryo 12-14hr    6654 embryo 14-16hr    3996 embryo 16-18hr    7854 embryo 18-20hr    5130 embryo 20-22hr    2261 embryo 22-24hr    3472 larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1929 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2482 white prepupae new    2348 white prepupae 12hr    4111 white prepupae 24hr    6204 pupae 2d postWPP    8874 pupae 3d postWPP  10852 pupae 4d postWPP    6594 adult male 01day  13118 adult male 05day  14822 adult male 30day  11400 adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    36 embryo 02-04hr    71 embryo 04-06hr    91 embryo 06-08hr    737 embryo 08-10hr    1491 embryo 10-12hr    2474 embryo 12-14hr    6654 embryo 14-16hr    3996 embryo 16-18hr    7854 embryo 18-20hr    5130 embryo 20-22hr    2261 embryo 22-24hr    3472 larva L1    582 larva L2    422 larva L3 12hr old    296 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1097 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1929 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2482 white prepupae new    2348 white prepupae 12hr    4111 white prepupae 24hr    6204 pupae 2d postWPP    8874 pupae 3d postWPP    10852 pupae 4d postWPP    6594 adult male 01day    13118 adult male 05day    14822 adult male 30day    11400 adult female 01day    358 adult female 05day    264 adult female 30day    247 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0086907    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0086907 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Expression at high levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult testis. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: larval fat body. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0086907 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis    2355.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis  (2355.9) Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  Linear, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis  (2355.9) Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis    2355.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0086907 expression level Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis    2355.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis  (2355.9) Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High  log, scaled to High level expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis  (2355.9) Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  log, scaled to Very high expression Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System    4.15 Larval Midgut    5.2 Larval Hindgut    8.1 Larval Malpighian Tubules    7.1 Larval Fat Body    272.7 Larval Salivary Gland    5.5 Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass    3.15 Adult Head    7.1 Adult Eye    5.2 Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop    6.4 Adult Midgut    2.2 Adult Hindgut    4 Adult Malpighian Tubules    3.8 Adult Fat Body    2.1 Adult Salivary Gland    8.9 Adult Heart    9 Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8 Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7 Adult Ovary    2.7 Adult Testis    2355.9 Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass    7.6 Expression Level Scale  None   Low   Moderate   High   Very high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Organ/Tissue Expression, larval vs. adult Larval Expression Level Tissue Adult Expression Level   NA  Head    7.1   NA  Eye    5.2   NA  Brain    no informative data   4.15  Central Nervous System    NA   NA  Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion    no informative data   NA  Crop    6.4   5.2  Midgut    2.2   8.1  Hindgut    4   7.1  Malpighian Tubules    3.8   272.7  Fat Body    2.1   5.5  Salivary Gland    8.9   NA  Heart    9   no informative data  Trachea    NA   NA  VirginFemale Spermatheca    3.8   NA  InseminatedFemale Spermatheca    7.7   NA  Ovary    2.7   NA  Testis    2355.9   NA  Male Accessory Gland    no informative data   3.15  Carcass    7.6 modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_28
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0086907
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable Cyt-c-dbln1 viable, with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2049 Cyt-c-dEP2305 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 Cyt-c-dGD7970 viable (with Cyt-c-dEP2049), with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2305 viable (with Cyt-c-dEP2305), with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2049 viable (with Df(2L)H20), with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2049 Sterility Allele male semi-sterile, with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2049 male semi-sterile (with Cyt-c-dEP2049), with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2305 male semi-sterile (with Cyt-c-dEP2305), with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2049 male sterile Cyt-c-dbln1 Cyt-c-dZ21091 male sterile, with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2305 male sterile (with Df(2L)H20) Cyt-c-dbln1 male sterile (with Df(2L)H20), with Scer\GAL4[-]: Cyt-c-dEP2049 Cyt-c-dEP2305 male sterile | recessive Cyt-c-dbln1 Other Phenotypes Allele visible Cyt-c-dZ21091 Phenotype manifest in Allele major mitochondrial derivative Cyt-c-dbln1 minor mitochondrial derivative Cyt-c-dbln1 posterior scutellar bristle | supernumerary Cyt-c-dZ21091 secondary pigment cell Cyt-c-dEP2049 Cyt-c-dEP2305 Cyt-c-dZ21091 Cyt-c-dbln1 Cyt-c-dEx-6C secondary pigment cell (with Df(2L)H20) Cyt-c-dZ21091 spermatid Cyt-c-dZ21091 Cyt-c-dbln1 spermatid axoneme Cyt-c-dbln1 tertiary pigment cell Cyt-c-dEP2049 Cyt-c-dEP2305 Cyt-c-dZ21091 Cyt-c-dbln1 Cyt-c-dEx-6C tertiary pigment cell (with Df(2L)H20) Cyt-c-dZ21091
Classical Alleles ( 9 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Cyt-c-d Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Cyt-c-dbln1 loss of function allele P-element activity 2 Yes Cyt-c-dd01204 P-element activity 1 -- Cyt-c-dd05040 1 -- Cyt-c-df03856 piggyBac transposase 1 -- Cyt-c-dd08846 P-element activity 0 -- Cyt-c-dEP2049 P-element activity 0 -- Cyt-c-dEP2305 P-element activity 0 -- Cyt-c-dEx-6C 0 -- Cyt-c-dZ21091 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Cyt-c-d Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Cyt-c-dGD7970 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes Cyt-c-dKK106830 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Cyt-c-ddsRNA.cDa in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes Cyt-c-dGMR.PM in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Cyt-c-dHsp83.PA in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes Cyt-c-dIE1.T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes Cyt-c-dScer\UAS.cAa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)r10 (Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)rd9 (Roote, 1997.8.13)
Disrupted in	Df(2L)Exel6039 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)Exel7066 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)H20 (Castrillon et al., 1993)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD7970} NA P{KK106830} NA heat-shock construct P{Hsp83-Cyt-c-d.A} NA characterization construct P{GMR-Cyt-c-d.M} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{PZ}Cyt-c-dbln1 No insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}Cyt-c-dEP2049 NA P{EP}Cyt-c-dEP2305 NA P{XP}Cyt-c-dd01204 NA P{XP}Cyt-c-dd05040 NA P{XP}Cyt-c-dd08846 NA miscellaneous insertions PBac{WH}Cyt-c-df03856 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 10 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
electron carrier activity inferred from direct assay (Limbach and Wu, 1985)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
activation of caspase activity inferred from mutant phenotype (Arama et al., 2003, Arama et al., 2006) regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death inferred from mutant phenotype (Mendes et al., 2006) sperm individualization inferred from mutant phenotype (Arama et al., 2003, Arama et al., 2006)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
mitochondrion inferred from direct assay (Morrow et al., 2000, Yano et al., 2006, Dorstyn et al., 2004)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
electron carrier activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P00001 (Sardiello et al., 2003.6.11) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1987.8.13) electron transporter, transferring electrons from CoQH2-cytochrome c reductase complex and cytochrome c oxidase complex activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P00031 (FlyBase, 1992-) heme binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002327, InterPro:IPR003088, InterPro:IPR009056 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
oxidative phosphorylation inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CYC1 (Limbach and Wu, 1985)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
mitochondrial inner membrane inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CYC1 (Limbach and Wu, 1985) mitochondrial matrix inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P00001 (Sardiello et al., 2003.6.11) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1987.8.13)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Cyt-c-d allele Gene References unspecified Cyt-c-p (Arama et al., 2006)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 61002 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0086907 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0086907 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 34995
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA12159 (Tripoli et al., 2005)
Linkouts	OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0230478 FBgn0220204 FBgn0203892 FBgn0195428 FBgn0172107 FBgn0072207 FBgn0156378 FBgn0140820 FBgn0118855 FBgn0114927 FBgn0097848
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 8 )
Bloomington	11763 P{PZ}Cyt-c-dbln1 CG31782bln-1 CG31808bln-1 cn1/CyO; ry506
Harvard	- P{XP}Cyt-c-dd01204 - P{XP}Cyt-c-dd05040 - PBac{WH}Cyt-c-df03856
Kyoto	101994 P{PZ}Cyt-c-dbln1 cn1 / CyO ; ry506
VDRC	v101079 P{KK106830}VIE-260B v17128 w1118; P{GD7970}v17128 v17129 w1118; P{GD7970}v17129
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR26O03 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 51 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LP05614
Other clones	DPiM_LP05614
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT05542 AT07282 AT08131 AT08671 AT11612 AT12506 AT12514 AT13079 AT13139 AT15515 AT19188 AT20632 AT30980 AT31477 AT31665 LP03962 LP12384
Other clones	523176 AT01001 bs09g06 bs10g10 bs12f11 bs26e12 bs30f07 bs58d02 bs65h06 bs86c01 EC13555 EC28056 RP01083 RP001002712 RP001003162 RP001004306 RP001006086 RP001011910 RP001015541 RP001019530 RP001019737 RP001019858 RP001029224 RP001032725 RP001033731 RP001034988 RP001039033 RP001043359 RP001045870 RP001045883 RP001047183 RP001054136
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0086907 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 34995
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: Cyt-c-d bln (Arama et al., 2006)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Cyt-c-d regulates developmental apoptosis in the eye. (Mendes et al., 2006) Cyt-c-d is neither necessary nor sufficient for caspase activation and apoptosis in Drosophila cells. (Dorstyn et al., 2004) Postmeiotic differentiation defect. (Castrillon et al., 1993) The Cyt-c-d protein could not be detected as a functional cytochrome molecule at any stage of development. (Inoue et al., 1986) Cyt-c-d encodes a functional cytochrome c protein. Cyt-c-d is expressed at constant low levels throughout development and the predicted polypeptide sequence differs from Cyt-c-p at 32 amino acid residues. Cyt-c-d and Cyt-c-p are located 3.5kb apart and have arisen from an ancient duplication event. (Limbach and Wu, 1985) A cDNA clone for the thoracic muscle cytochrome c gene from M.sexta has been used to isolate the corresponding major thoracic muscle cytochrome c gene from D.melanogaster. Hybridisation studies reveal that Cyt-c-d is expressed at almost undetectable levels in adult thoracic muscle tissue. Cyt-c-d shares limited nucleotide homology with Cyt-c-p. (Swanson et al., 1985) Apparently the structural gene for one of two cytochrome-c type enzymes, which differ from each other in 32/107 amino-acid residues. First isolated from a Charon-4 library using mouse cytochrome-c gene sequence as a probe. Cyt-c-d (sequence D3) expressed at constant, but relatively low, level throughout development; Cyt-c-p (sequence D4) expressed at varying, but relatively high, levels throughout development. Amino acid sequence also given in Fasman (1977).
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_057816 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_477164 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF53553 AAO67367 AC005133 AC006214 AC093097 AI257298 AI260241 AI297936 AI945170 AI945264 AI945421 AI946469 AI946785 AQ026408 AQ073476 AQ074057 AW944049 BT006002 CAA25901 CZ472088 CZ476437 CZ486452 CZ486453 X01761 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 34995 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • P04657
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Cytochrome c, class IA/ IB (IPR002327) Cytochrome c domain (IPR009056) Cytochrome c, class I (IPR003088) MitoDrome - A database of annotated Dmel nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins • MTDROME13263
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 61002 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0086907 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0086907 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0086907 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0086907 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0086907 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 34995 Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /sturtevant/cytochrome1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 34995 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0086907 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • FBgn0230478 FBgn0220204 FBgn0203892 FBgn0195428 FBgn0172107 FBgn0072207 FBgn0156378 FBgn0140820 FBgn0118855 FBgn0114927 FBgn0097848
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 26 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	bln (Huh et al., 2004, Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, Castrillon et al., 1993, Nevers et al., 2006, Dorstyn et al., 2004, Peterson et al., 2007, Rathke et al., 2007) bs30f07.y1 (Andrews et al., 2000) CG13263 (Ida et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5) cyt.c (Rodriguez et al., 1999) Cytc (Meier et al., 2000) Cyt c (Challa et al., 2007, Abdelwahid et al., 2007) cyt c (Haghnia et al., 2007) Cyt C (Grant et al., 2010) CytC1 (Maroni, 1994) CytC-1   Cyt-c1   cyt-c-d (Arama et al., 2006, Arama and Steller, 2005, Huh et al., 2004, Arama and Steller, 2004, Mendes et al., 2006, Arama et al., 2006, Peterson et al., 2007, Baehrecke, 2003, Kornbluth and White, 2005) Cyt-c-d (Wong et al., 2005, Tripoli et al., 2005, Ida et al., 2009, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Parisi et al., 2004) Cytc-d (Dorstyn et al., 2004) cyt c-d (Kuranaga and Miura, 2007, Mendes et al., 2006) cytochrome c (Walker and Benzer, 2004) DC3 (Varkey et al., 1999, Inoue et al., 1986, Limbach and Wu, 1985, Dorstyn et al., 2004) dc3 (Dorstyn et al., 2004, Means et al., 2006) ms(2)04445   pDMc02 (Swanson et al., 1985)
Name Synonym	blanks (Nevers et al., 2006, Rathke et al., 2007) cytochrome c (Yano et al., 2006, McCall, 2004, Kumar et al., 2003, Claveria and Torres, 2003, Holcik, 2002, Martin, 2002, Richardson and Kumar, 2002, Igaki et al., 2002, Matova and Cooley, 2001, Bangs et al., 2000, Tittel and Steller, 2000, Morrow et al., 2000, Abrams, 1999, Peterson et al., 2003, Dorstyn et al., 2002, Dorstyn et al., 2004, Baehrecke, 2003, Kornbluth and White, 2005, Tripoli et al., 2005, Challa et al., 2007, Grant et al., 2010) Cytochrome c (Danial and Korsmeyer, 2004, Tripoli et al., 2005) cytochrome C (Igaki and Miura, 2004, Means et al., 2006) Cytochrome C (White, 1999) cytochrome-c-d (Peterson et al., 2007) Cytochrome c distal (Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0000408 FBgn0011213
References ( 85 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 85 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 35 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 17 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 8 ) Abstract  ( 9 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Letter  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Grant et al., 2010, Dis. Model Mech. 3(11-12): 799--806 A Drosophila model for primary coenzyme Q deficiency and dietary rescue in the developing nervous system. [FBrf0212188] Wasbrough et al., 2010, J. Proteomics 73(11): 2171--2185 The Drosophila melanogaster sperm proteome-II (DmSP-II). [FBrf0211978] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...