A Database of Drosophila Genes & Genomes

FB2013_03, released May 7th, 2013
 

Gene Dmel\mnb

General Information
SymbolDmel\mnbSpeciesD. melanogaster
NameminibrainAnnotation symbolCG42273
Feature typeprotein_coding_geneFlyBase IDFBgn0259168
Gene Model StatusCurrent Stock availability 18 publicly available
Also Known AsDyrk1, CG7826, ME-IV
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)XRecombination map1-58.2
Cytogenetic map16E4-16F1Sequence locationX:17,756,730..17,781,255 [-]

Genomic Maps

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Automatically generated summary

See sections below for more information
The gene minibrain is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\mnb (CG42273, FBgn0259168). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity; protein serine/threonine kinase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: olfactory learning; circadian rhythm; nervous system development; visual behavior; brain development. 27 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: trichogen cell; embryonic/larval brain. It has 5 annotated transcripts and 5 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Protein kinase, ATP binding site; Protein kinase, catalytic domain; Protein kinase-like domain; Serine/threonine- / dual specificity protein kinase, catalytic domain; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, during late larval stages, during early pupal stages, in adult female stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass. Gene sequence location is X:17756718..17781240.

User Contributed Data
External Summaries
hide Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage
mnb: minibrain (J.C. Hall)
Brain mass approximately half normal, including smaller than normal optic lobes and reduction in cell number (Fischbach and Heisenberg, 1984; Heisenberg and Wolf, 1984); exceptions: neuropile of the lamina optic ganglion appears normal in size and general morphology, and peduncle of mushroom body has apparently normal number of fibers; mnb flies take abnormally long to eclose (i.e., emergence per se from the pupal case is a slow process); behaviorally, mnb leads to relatively subtle behavioral defects, such as mild leg shaking under ether (see "other information"), absence of learning in tests using olfactory stimuli (Heisenberg et al., 1985), and aberrant visual fixation. In tests of locomotor activity rhythms (Helfrich, 1986), singly mutant mnb adults are basically normal, but a high proportion of mnb so double mutants show complex rhymicities (dual circadian periodicities) with about 20% being arrhythmic (3 times greater than wild type). Other behaviors, such as basic optomotor responses (M. Heisenberg, unpublished) and male courtship song (Kulkarni and Hall, 1987, Genetics 115: 461-475), are normal; physiologically, mnb--when linked to reduced optic lobes and small optic lobes mutations--has been tested for effects on electroretinogram, which have diminished amplitudes of light-on and light-off transient spikes in the triple mutant (Coombe, 1986, J. Comp. Physiol. 159: 655-665).
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Description
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What does this section not display?
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FB2013_03
Polypeptides
Transcripts
FB2013_02
All updates Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
hide Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
16E4-16F1  
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1464 and P{EP}EP970  
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
16F-16F  
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
1-58.2
 
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
hide Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\mnb for information on other features GBrowse View Help
To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
detailed view FBtr0074544 FBtr0334034 FBtr0074493 FBtr0300510 FBtr0342786 FBtr0074494 FBtr0300509 FBtr0300508 FBtr0299619 FBtr0074495 FBpp0074318 FBpp0074267 FBpp0306150 FBpp0289737 FBpp0309627 FBpp0288894 FBpp0289736 FBpp0289735 FBpp0074268 FBpp0074269 FBti0071308 FBti0029105 FBti0037306 FBti0109463 FBti0071245 FBti0057284 FBti0049911 FBti0067749 FBti0029224 FBti0058024 FBti0036720 FBti0047691 FBti0057083 FBti0048541 FBti0071545 FBti0106900 FBti0021577 FBti0014545
Comments on Gene Model
Gene model reviewed during 5.51
Gene merge based on EST/cDNA data
Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.
Due to an oversight in the implementation of gene annotation merges, the symbols for some of the transcripts and polypeptides of this gene were changed to non-unique designations in r5.8. Although there were no conflicts within a given release, the same symbols were used for different isoforms in different releases. The affected gene product symbols have now been changed to symbols not used previously in the database; see individual transcript reports for details.
hide Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Associated CDS (aa)
FBtr0300508
  5507
  908
FBtr0299619
  4460
  607
FBtr0300509
  4257
  604
FBtr0300510
  4228
  1047
FBtr0342786
 
  2980
  743
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
5.5, 4.4, 4.2 (northern blot)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
hide Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank protein
mnb-PE  
FBpp0289735  
95.9  
908  
9.11  
mnb-PF  
FBpp0288894  
66.3  
607  
9.49  
mnb-PG  
FBpp0289736  
65.9  
604  
9.28  
mnb-PH  
FBpp0289737  
111.1  
1047  
8.45  
mnb-PI  
FBpp0309627  
81.1  
743  
8.49  
 
 
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
843, 542, 539 (aa); 90, 60, 58 (kD observed); 89, 59.4, 59.1 (kD predicted)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites
hide Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ /
EMBL /
GenBank
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
Name
 
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
hide Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details.
Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports.
Type
Symbol & Location
Additional Notes
References
hide External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
hide Expression Data
hideTranscript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
hide Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Higher levels of the 843aa form of mnb protein are observed in embryos and pupae than larvae.
Higher levels of the 542aa form of mnb protein are observed in embryos and pupae than larvae.
The 539aa form of mnb is expressed most strongly in larvae and pupae and is the predominant form in third instar larvae.
mnb protein is most prominent in the mushroom body neuropil and the outer proliferation centers of the optic lobes in the larval brain. In adult brains, the level of mnb protein is low in the optic lobes and central brain hemispheres but is high in retinal pigment cells as well as in the α, β, and γ cells and the peduncle of the mushroom bodies.
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term
References
hide Expression Deduced from Reporters
hide High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
hide FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data

(FlyAtlas-RNA.adult)

(FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)


   Styles
   Scales

Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, larval/adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, larval/adult fat body, adult salivary gland, larval trachea, adult female reproductive system, adult male accessory gland, larval/adult carcass.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors
 
No expression (0 - 9.999)
 
Low expression (10 - 99.999)
 
Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)
 
High level expression (500 - 999.999)
 
Very high expression (>999.999)

Heatmap
Tissue   Expression Level
Larval Central Nervous System
 
 
Larval Midgut
 
 
Larval Hindgut
 
 
Larval Malpighian Tubules
 
 
Larval Fat Body
 
 
Larval Salivary Gland
 
 
Larval Trachea
 
 
Larval Carcass
 
 
Adult Head
 
 
Adult Eye
 
 
Adult Brain
 
 
Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion
 
 
Adult Crop
 
 
Adult Midgut
 
 
Adult Hindgut
 
 
Adult Malpighian Tubules
 
 
Adult Fat Body
 
 
Adult Salivary Gland
 
 
Adult Heart
 
 
Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca
 
 
Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca
 
 
Adult Ovary
 
 
Adult Testis
 
 
Adult Male Accessory Gland
 
 
Adult Carcass
 
 

FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
hide modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq

modENCODE Tissue Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)


   Styles
   Scales


[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
 
No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
 
Very low expression (1 - 3)
 
Low expression (4 - 10)
 
Moderate expression (11 - 25)
 
Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
 
High expression (51 - 100)
 
Very high expression (101 - 1000)
 
Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 
 122
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 
 28
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 
 42
ovary, mated 4-day female
 
 36
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 (122)
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 (28)
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 (42)
ovary, mated 4-day female
 (36)
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
Linear, scaled to High expression
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 (122)
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 
 28
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 
 42
ovary, mated 4-day female
 
 36
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 
 122
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 
 28
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 
 42
ovary, mated 4-day female
 
 36
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Extremely high 
log, scaled to maximum expression level
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 
 122
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 
 28
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 
 42
ovary, mated 4-day female
 
 36
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
log, scaled to Moderate expression
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 (122)
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 28
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 (42)
ovary, mated 4-day female
 (36)
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
log, scaled to High expression
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 122
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 
 28
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 
 42
ovary, mated 4-day female
 
 36
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 20
central nervous system, larvae L3
 
 26
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 18
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 6
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day female
 
 6
head, mated 4-day female
 
 6
head, mated 20-day female
 
 5
head, mated 1-day male
 
 8
head, mated 4-day male
 
 8
head, mated 20-day male
 
 8
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 10
salivary gland, white prepupae
 
 122
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 16
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 3
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 6
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 5
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 3
fat body, white prepupae
 
 15
fat body, pupae P8
 
 7
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 
 28
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 9
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 8
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 6
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 
 42
ovary, mated 4-day female
 
 36
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 4
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 3
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
 Extremely high 
Heatmap
Tissue   Expression Level
imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering
 
 
central nervous system, larvae L3
 
 
central nervous system, pupae P8
 
 
head, virgin 1-day female
 
 
head, virgin 4-day female
 
 
head, virgin 20-day female
 
 
head, mated 1-day female
 
 
head, mated 4-day female
 
 
head, mated 20-day female
 
 
head, mated 1-day male
 
 
head, mated 4-day male
 
 
head, mated 20-day male
 
 
salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering
 
 
salivary gland, white prepupae
 
 
digestive system, larvae L3 wandering
 
 
digestive system, 1-day adult
 
 
digestive system, 4-day adult
 
 
digestive system, 20-day adult
 
 
fat body, larvae L3 wandering
 
 
fat body, white prepupae
 
 
fat body, pupae P8
 
 
carcass, larvae L3 wandering
 
 
carcass, 1-day adult
 
 
carcass, 4-day adult
 
 
carcass, 20-day adult
 
 
ovary, virgin 4-day female
 
 
ovary, mated 4-day female
 
 
testis, mated 4-day male
 
 
accessory gland, mated 4-day male
 
 

hide modENCODE Development RNA-Seq

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)


   Styles
   Scales

Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, during late larval stages, during early pupal stages, in adult female stages.
[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
 
No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
 
Very low expression (1 - 3)
 
Low expression (4 - 10)
 
Moderate expression (11 - 25)
 
Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
 
High expression (51 - 100)
 
Very high expression (101 - 1000)
 
Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 
 47
embryo 02-04hr
 
 47
embryo 04-06hr
 
 32
embryo 06-08hr
 
 27
embryo 08-10hr
 
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 
 32
white prepupae new
 
 37
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 
 26
adult female 30day
 
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 (47)
embryo 02-04hr
 (47)
embryo 04-06hr
 (32)
embryo 06-08hr
 (27)
embryo 08-10hr
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 (32)
white prepupae new
 (37)
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 26
adult female 30day
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
Linear, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 
 47
embryo 02-04hr
 
 47
embryo 04-06hr
 
 32
embryo 06-08hr
 
 27
embryo 08-10hr
 
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 
 32
white prepupae new
 
 37
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 
 26
adult female 30day
 
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 
 47
embryo 02-04hr
 
 47
embryo 04-06hr
 
 32
embryo 06-08hr
 
 27
embryo 08-10hr
 
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 
 32
white prepupae new
 
 37
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 
 26
adult female 30day
 
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Extremely high 
log, scaled to maximum expression level
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 
 47
embryo 02-04hr
 
 47
embryo 04-06hr
 
 32
embryo 06-08hr
 
 27
embryo 08-10hr
 
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 
 32
white prepupae new
 
 37
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 
 26
adult female 30day
 
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
log, scaled to Moderate expression
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 (47)
embryo 02-04hr
 (47)
embryo 04-06hr
 32
embryo 06-08hr
 27
embryo 08-10hr
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 32
white prepupae new
 (37)
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 26
adult female 30day
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
log, scaled to High expression
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 
 47
embryo 02-04hr
 
 47
embryo 04-06hr
 
 32
embryo 06-08hr
 
 27
embryo 08-10hr
 
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 
 32
white prepupae new
 
 37
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 
 26
adult female 30day
 
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 
 47
embryo 02-04hr
 
 47
embryo 04-06hr
 
 32
embryo 06-08hr
 
 27
embryo 08-10hr
 
 26
embryo 10-12hr
 
 18
embryo 12-14hr
 
 18
embryo 14-16hr
 
 19
embryo 16-18hr
 
 15
embryo 18-20hr
 
 9
embryo 20-22hr
 
 20
embryo 22-24hr
 
 16
larva L1
 
 6
larva L2
 
 5
larva L3 12hr old
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 4
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 15
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 
 32
white prepupae new
 
 37
white prepupae 12hr
 
 24
white prepupae 24hr
 
 16
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 15
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 10
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 11
adult male 01day
 
 10
adult male 05day
 
 8
adult male 30day
 
 7
adult female 01day
 
 18
adult female 05day
 
 26
adult female 30day
 
 26
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
 Extremely high 
Heatmap
Developmental Stage   Expression Level
embryo 00-02hr
 
 
embryo 02-04hr
 
 
embryo 04-06hr
 
 
embryo 06-08hr
 
 
embryo 08-10hr
 
 
embryo 10-12hr
 
 
embryo 12-14hr
 
 
embryo 14-16hr
 
 
embryo 16-18hr
 
 
embryo 18-20hr
 
 
embryo 20-22hr
 
 
embryo 22-24hr
 
 
larva L1
 
 
larva L2
 
 
larva L3 12hr old
 
 
larva L3 puffstage 1-2
 
 
larva L3 puffstage 3-6
 
 
larva L3 puffstage 7-9
 
 
white prepupae new
 
 
white prepupae 12hr
 
 
white prepupae 24hr
 
 
pupae 2d postWPP
 
 
pupae 3d postWPP
 
 
pupae 4d postWPP
 
 
adult male 01day
 
 
adult male 05day
 
 
adult male 30day
 
 
adult female 01day
 
 
adult female 05day
 
 
adult female 30day
 
 

modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
hide modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq

modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A)

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)


   Styles
   Scales


[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
 
No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
 
Very low expression (1 - 3)
 
Low expression (4 - 10)
 
Moderate expression (11 - 25)
 
Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
 
High expression (51 - 100)
 
Very high expression (101 - 1000)
 
Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
Linear, scaled to High expression
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Extremely high 
log, scaled to maximum expression level
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
log, scaled to Moderate expression
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
log, scaled to High expression
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 14
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 8
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 15
embryonic GM2
 
 11
embryonic Kc167
 
 20
embryonic S1
 
 14
embryonic S3
 
 7
leg disc CME L1
 
 8
wing disc CME-W2
 
 6
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 9
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 13
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 10
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 12
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 12
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 8
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 5
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 9
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 12
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 14
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 10
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 12
ovary OSC
 
 21
ovary OSS
 
 4
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
 Extremely high 
Heatmap
Cell Line   Expression Level
Schneider line 2 S2R+
 
 
Schneider line 2 Sg4
 
 
embryonic 1182-4H
 
 
embryonic GM2
 
 
embryonic Kc167
 
 
embryonic S1
 
 
embryonic S3
 
 
leg disc CME L1
 
 
wing disc CME-W2
 
 
wing disc ML-DmD8
 
 
wing disc ML-DmD9
 
 
wing disc ML-DmD16-c3
 
 
wing disc ML-DmD21
 
 
wing disc ML-DmD32
 
 
haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3
 
 
eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11
 
 
antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5
 
 
mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1
 
 
CNS ML-DmBG1-c1
 
 
CNS ML-DmBG2-c2
 
 
tumorous blood cells mbn2
 
 
ovary fGS/OSS
 
 
ovary OSC
 
 
ovary OSS
 
 

hide modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq

modENCODE Treatment Expression Data

(modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)


   Styles
   Scales


[download data (TSV)]

Guide to modENCODE expression level colors
 
No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)
 
Very low expression (1 - 3)
 
Low expression (4 - 10)
 
Moderate expression (11 - 25)
 
Moderately high expression (26 - 50)
 
High expression (51 - 100)
 
Very high expression (101 - 1000)
 
Extremely high expression (>1000)

Linear, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 31
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 49
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 29
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
Linear, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 (31)
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 (49)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 (29)
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
Linear, scaled to High expression
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 31
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 49
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 29
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 31
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 49
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 29
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Extremely high 
log, scaled to maximum expression level
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 31
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 49
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 29
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
log, scaled to Moderate expression
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 31
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 (49)
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 29
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
log, scaled to High expression
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 31
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 49
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 29
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
log, scaled to Extremely high expression
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 15
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 12
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 11
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 31
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 49
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 6
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 13
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 24
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 4
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 29
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 16
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 20
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 18
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 3
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 2
Expression Level Scale
 Very low 
 Low 
 Moderate 
 Moderately high 
 High 
 Very high 
 Extremely high 
Heatmap
Treatment   Expression Level
extended cold, 4-day adult
 
 
cold shock, 4-day adult
 
 
heat shock, 4-day adult
 
 
Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult
 
 
Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 
Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
 
 

hide Expression Clusters
A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development.
hide External Data & Images
Linkouts
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
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hide Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
hide Classical Alleles ( 19 )
For All Classical Alleles Show

Allele of mnbClassMutagenStocksKnown lesion
mnbd103641 --
mnbd114311 --
mnbe024281 --
mnbe038851 --
mnbEY143201 --
mnbf013711 --
mnbKG04573
1 --
mnbNP6003
1 --
mnbNP7209
1 --
mnbUM-8014-3
1 --
mnb10 Yes
mnb20 Yes
mnb30 --
mnb40 Yes
mnbf044830 --
mnbGG01512
0 --
mnbGG01751
0 --
mnbGG01814
0 --
mnbUM-8181-3
0 --
hide Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Allele of mnbClassMutagenStocksKnown lesion
mnbGD122982 Yes
mnbGD131971 Yes
mnbGL001041 Yes
mnbHM050981 Yes
mnbHMS015451 Yes
mnbJF013641 Yes
mnbKK1026421 Yes
mnbNIG.7826R0 Yes
hide Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in
hide Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
Type of construct
Name
Expression data
Insertions
Type of insertions
Name
Expression data
insertion of enhancer trap binary system
hide Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 11 unique terms )
hide Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 5 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term
References
inferred from genetic interaction with so
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
hide Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 7 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term
References
non-traceable author statement
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:X79769
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008271
inferred from sequence or structural similarity
non-traceable author statement
Biological Process
CV term
References
non-traceable author statement
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
hide Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
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hide Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group
Assay
References
experimental knowledge based
experimental knowledge based, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
hide Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with
Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
mnb allele
Gene
References
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BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions
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hide Orthologs
hide OrthoDB Orthologs (45) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
Drosophila inclusive ortholog search
Dipteran inclusive ortholog search
Insect inclusive ortholog search
Arthropod inclusive ortholog search
Metazoa inclusive ortholog search
hideOrthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG618C74)
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila melanogaster
fruit fly 
 
 
Drosophila simulans
 
Y
 
Drosophila sechellia
 
Y
 
Drosophila erecta
 
Y
 
Drosophila yakuba
 
Y
 
Drosophila ananassae
 
Y
 
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
 
Y
 
Drosophila persimilis
 
Y
 
Drosophila willistoni
 
Y
 
Drosophila virilis
 
Y
 
Drosophila mojavensis
 
Y
 
Drosophila grimshawi
 
Y
 
hideOrthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG680J54)
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito 
 
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito 
 
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito 
 
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito 
 
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito 
 
hideOrthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG605QWF)
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee 
Amel\GB53062
 
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp 
Nvit\Nasvi2EG003454
 
Acromyrmex echinatior
Panamanian leafcutter ant 
Aech\AECH18766
 
Atta cephalotes
Leafcutter ant 
Acep\ACEP13360
 
Camponotus floridanus
Florida carpenter ant 
Cflo\CFLO14576
 
Harpegnathos saltator
Jerdons jumping ant 
Hsal\HSAL12767
 
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant 
Lhum\LH26139
 
Pogonomyrmex barbatus
Red harvester ant 
Pbar\PB27197
 
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid 
 
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse 
 
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle 
 
hideOrthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6Z34W1)
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Daphnia pulex
Water flea 
 
Ixodes scapularis
Deer tick 
 
hideOrthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG647TMG)
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Caenorhabditis elegans
Nematode 
 
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin 
 
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin 
 
Danio rerio
Zebrafish 
 
Danio rerio
Zebrafish 
 
Danio rerio
Zebrafish 
 
Xenopus tropicalis
Western clawed frog 
 
Xenopus tropicalis
Western clawed frog 
 
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken 
 
Mus musculus
House mouse 
 
Mus musculus
House mouse 
 
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat 
 
Rattus norvegicus
Norway rat 
 
Homo sapiens
Human 
 
Homo sapiens
Human 
 
hide Human Orthologs (2)
Gene
OMIM
HGNC
hideAAA Orthologs (11) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism
Gene
Drosophila simulans
Drosophila sechellia
Drosophila erecta
Drosophila yakuba
Drosophila ananassae
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Drosophila persimilis
Drosophila willistoni
Drosophila virilis
Drosophila mojavensis
Drosophila grimshawi
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hide Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 18 )
Bloomington
Harvard
Kyoto
VDRC
hide Genomic Clones ( 2 )
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
hide cDNA Clones ( 74 )
Please Note
This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
hide RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts
DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.
GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
hide Antibody Information
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hide Discoverer
M. Heisenberg.
 
hide Etymology
hide Identification
hide Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of
Source for merge of: mnb CG7835
Additional comments
Annotations CG7826 and CG7835 merged as CG42273 in release 5.8 of the genome annotation.
Apparently part of 'Sh complex'. Seems to be allelic to Sh, given map position and mnb-associated leg shaking (A. Ferrus and M. Heisenberg, unpublished); yet, Sh mutations do not lead to any grossly aberrant brain morphology and Sh5 plus Sh14 complement mnb1 with regard to anatomical defects caused by the latter (M. Heisenberg, unpublished); mnb1 also complements lethal alleles of 3 genes mapping just distally to Sh alleles (see Tanouye, Lam and Iverson, 1986), i.e., l(1)16Fa, l(1)16Fb and l(1)16Fc; an X-linked enhancer of mnb has been identified, which causes lethality when expressed along with the latter (M. Heisenberg, unpublished); the former maps near cv and (when in combination with mnb1) leads to death late in pupation (mutants can be 'rescued' by opening the pupal case).
 
hide Other Comments
When dsRNA constructs are made and transiently transfected into S2 cells in RNAi experiments, an increase in the proportion of S phase cells and/or aneuploidy, an increase in the proportion of G2/M phase cells, an increase in mitotic index and abnormal spindles are seen.
Mutations in mnb cause an abnormal spacing of neuroblasts in the outer proliferation centre of the larval brain. As a consequence the larval brain exhibits a specific and marked reduction of the optic lobes and central brain hemispheres. The insufficient number of distinct neurons in the brain is correlated with specific abnormalities in visual and olfactory behaviour.
mnb is important for the viability of neurons in the brain.
Defined during a molecular analysis of Sh.
mnb, when in combination with rol and sol, shows diminished amplitudes of light-on and light-off transient spikes.
In tests of locomotor activity rhythms, singly mutant mnb adults are basically normal, but a high proportion of mnb so double mutants show complex rhythmicities (dual circadian periodicities) with about 20% being arrhythmic (3 times greater than wild type).
Behavioural and anatomical studies demonstrate that central brain lesions can be interpreted behaviourally. Mushroom bodies have normal size and shape. Whole brain is reduced in volume, flies are incapable of olfactory learning.
Brain mass approximately half normal, including smaller than normal optic lobes and reduction in cell number, with the exceptions of the neuropil of the lamina optic ganglion which appears normal in size and the general morphology and peduncle of mushroom body which has apparently normal number of fibers.
Isolation: A mutagenized X provided by J. Merriam.
 
hide External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
RefSeq (Transcripts)
RefSeq (Proteins)
Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes.
Other Crossreferences
InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites
Linkouts
BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
DRSC - Results from RNAi screens.
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans
GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project.
SignaLink - A protein-protein and protein-miRNA interaction database with multi-layered structure and multiple confidence scores.
hide Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 14 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym
min
 
Name Synonym
CG7835
 
Secondary FlyBase IDs
  • FBgn0002777
  • FBgn0030879
hide References ( 75 )
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hide Recent research papers ( 3 )
Hong et al., 2012, PLoS Genet. 8(8): e1002857
Minibrain/Dyrk1a Regulates Food Intake through the Sir2-FOXO-sNPF/NPY Pathway in Drosophila and Mammals. [FBrf0219162]
Kanao et al., 2012, PLoS ONE 7(2): e30958
The Nitric Oxide-Cyclic GMP Pathway Regulates FoxO and Alters Dopaminergic Neuron Survival in Drosophila. [FBrf0217639]
Seong et al., 2011, Biogerontology 12(2): 93--107
Genome-wide analysis of low-dose irradiated male Drosophila melanogaster with extended longevity. [FBrf0213307]
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All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011