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Gene Dmel\C3G

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\C3G	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	C3G ortholog (H. sapiens)	Annotation symbol	CG42328
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0259228
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	12 publicly available
Also Known As	CG3126, C(3)G, DC3G
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	X	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	6D2-6D2	Sequence location	X:6,674,822..6,697,626 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene C3G ortholog (H. sapiens) is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\C3G (CG42328, FBgn0259228). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: Ras protein signal transduction; somatic muscle development; sarcomere organization; muscle attachment; regulation of Rap GTPase activity. 17 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: external compound sense organ; organ system subdivision; organ system; adult segment; adult; thoracic segment; peripheral nervous system; cell part; embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle; pigment cell; rhabdomere; imaginal precursor. It has 10 annotated transcripts and 10 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Guanine-nucleotide dissociation stimulator CDC25; Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor; Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor, domain; Ras guanine-nucleotide exchange factor, conserved site; Ras-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor, N-terminal. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 12-18 embryonic stages, during late pupal stages. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult salivary gland, larval trachea. Gene sequence location is X:6674822..6697626.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 6D2-6D2   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}C3GEP1613 and P{EP}EP1388EP1388&P{EP}EP1573
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 6C7-6D2     (Ishimaru et al., 1999)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\C3G for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.47 Gene model reviewed during 5.50 Gene merge based on EST/cDNA data Due to an oversight in the implementation of gene annotation merges, the symbols for some of the transcripts and polypeptides of this gene were changed to non-unique designations in r5.9. Although there were no conflicts within a given release, the same symbols were used for different isoforms in different releases. The affected gene product symbols have now been changed to symbols not used previously in the database; see individual transcript reports for details.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) C3G-RC FBtr0299791  NM_176694   7553   1520 C3G-RD FBtr0299792  NM_001144694   5397   1285 C3G-RE FBtr0299793  NM_001144695   5651   1417 C3G-RF FBtr0299794  NM_001144696   5804   1468 C3G-RG FBtr0299795  NM_001144697   5244   1234 C3G-RH FBtr0300526  NM_132122   6467   1571 C3G-RI FBtr0334967  NM_001272362   5648   1414 C3G-RJ FBtr0334968  NM_001272363   5027   1234 C3G-RK FBtr0334969  NM_001272364   5804   1468 C3G-RL FBtr0340087     6104   1357
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	7.0 (northern blot) (Ishimaru et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein C3G-PC   FBpp0289069   167.5   1520   7.24     NP_788867   AAO41635 C3G-PD   FBpp0289070   141.1   1285   6.41     NP_001138166   ACL82898 C3G-PE   FBpp0289071   154.6   1417   7.09     NP_001138167   ACL82899 C3G-PF   FBpp0289072   159.2   1468   6.91     NP_001138168   ACL82900 C3G-PG   FBpp0289073   136.5   1234   6.55     NP_001138169   ACL82901 C3G-PH   FBpp0289753   172.1   1571   7.09     NP_572350   AAF46200 C3G-PI   FBpp0306980   153.7   1414   6.78     NP_001259291   AGB95136 C3G-PJ   FBpp0306981   136.5   1234   6.55     NP_001259292   AGB95137 C3G-PK   FBpp0306982   160.7   1468   7.57     NP_001259293   AGB95138 C3G-PL   FBpp0309086   148.5   1357   6.89
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	1383 (aa); 151 (kD predicted) (Ishimaru et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Ras-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor, N-terminal (IPR000651) Guanine-nucleotide dissociation stimulator CDC25 (IPR001895) Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor (IPR008937) Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor, domain (IPR023578) Ras guanine-nucleotide exchange factor, conserved site (IPR019804)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA141186   AA141843   AA804088   AE014298 AAF46200   AE014298 AAO41635   AE014298 ACL82898   AE014298 ACL82899   AE014298 ACL82900   AE014298 ACL82901   AF053358 AAC35280   AE014298 AGB95136   AE014298 AGB95137   AE014298 AGB95138   AI388824   AQ025539   AY113355 AAM29360   AY231847   BG633083   BI165924   BI169447   BP552341   BP552342   BQ103065   BT010019 AAQ22488   BT025818   CO153477   CO153671   CO154375   CO155981   CO156496   CO156549   CO157000   CO179534   CO184879   CO185581   CO186633   CO190001   CO262804   CO265385   CO266571   CO267993   CO272063   CO275177   CO278175   CO278581   CO286638   CO287949   CO290872   CO290936   CO291779   CO292781   CO296443   CO297709   CO300704   CO300924   CO301469   CO306337   CO324603   CO328269   CO335533   CZ470700   CZ471682   CZ481069   CZ481070   EC052694   EC052704   EC052708   EC053773   EC054170   EC055062   EC055729   EC058954   EC062480   EC069851   EC070955   EC080407   EC081350   EC082024   EC084502   EC085707   EC194595   EC194866   EC217633   EC218316   EC221321   EC229891   EC231264   EC235283   EC235460   EC237819   EC238095   EC240664   EC242338   EC244010   EC247045   EC250876   EC254197   EC260281   EC261238   EC261333   EC261755   EC261822   EC262815   EC262996   EC263098   EC267819   EL871242   EL871361   EL871474   EV578437   EV585072   GH943758   GH945671   GH953115   GH955522   GH959685   GH963406   GH965383   GH967557   GH971179   GH973904   GH982451
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	O77086
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	B7Z129 B7Z130 B7Z132 B7Z131
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 17     (Ishimaru et al., 1999) embryonic stage 11   visceral mesoderm   (Ishimaru et al., 1999) embryonic stage 14   embryonic/larval hindgut   (Ishimaru et al., 1999) Comment:late embryonic stage 14 embryonic/larval foregut   (Ishimaru et al., 1999) Comment:late embryonic stage 14 organism | segmentally repeated   (Ishimaru et al., 1999) Comment:late stage 14
Additional Descriptive Data
	C3G transcript expression is detected starting at embryonic stage 4, with low levels throughout the embryo, and high levels at the anterior and posterior poles. A moderate level of expression is detected in all tissues throughout embryonic development, with higher levels of expression in some tissues. At stage 11, levels are high in the visceral mesoderm. At late stage 14, a segmentally repeated pattern of expression becomes apparent. Expression is also detected in the hindgut and foregut. (Ishimaru et al., 1999)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (FlyAtlas-RNA.adult) (FlyAtlas-RNA.larva)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult eye, larval/adult central nervous system, adult crop, adult midgut, larval/adult hindgut, larval/adult Malpighian tubules, adult heart, adult salivary gland, larval trachea. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (>999.999) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System     Larval Midgut     Larval Hindgut     Larval Malpighian Tubules     Larval Fat Body     Larval Salivary Gland     Larval Trachea     Larval Carcass     Adult Head     Adult Eye     Adult Brain     Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion     Adult Crop     Adult Midgut     Adult Hindgut     Adult Malpighian Tubules     Adult Fat Body     Adult Salivary Gland     Adult Heart     Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca     Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca     Adult Ovary     Adult Testis     Adult Male Accessory Gland     Adult Carcass     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    9 central nervous system, larvae L3    18 central nervous system, pupae P8    22 head, virgin 1-day female    13 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    10 head, mated 1-day female    12 head, mated 4-day female    11 head, mated 20-day female    9 head, mated 1-day male    19 head, mated 4-day male    19 head, mated 20-day male    17 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    0 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    5 digestive system, 1-day adult    7 digestive system, 4-day adult    8 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    4 fat body, white prepupae    5 fat body, pupae P8    9 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    9 carcass, 1-day adult    9 carcass, 4-day adult    9 carcass, 20-day adult    8 ovary, virgin 4-day female    15 ovary, mated 4-day female    12 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    2 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of low expression. Peak expression observed within 12-18 embryonic stages, during late pupal stages. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    14 embryo 02-04hr    10 embryo 04-06hr    10 embryo 06-08hr    15 embryo 08-10hr    14 embryo 10-12hr    13 embryo 12-14hr    13 embryo 14-16hr    19 embryo 16-18hr    14 embryo 18-20hr    11 embryo 20-22hr    13 embryo 22-24hr    12 larva L1    12 larva L2    12 larva L3 12hr old    10 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    4 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    7 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    8 white prepupae new    8 white prepupae 12hr    9 white prepupae 24hr    11 pupae 2d postWPP    17 pupae 3d postWPP    8 pupae 4d postWPP    7 adult male 01day    10 adult male 05day    11 adult male 30day    10 adult female 01day    13 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2    76 ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2  (76) ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2    76 ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2    76 ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2    76 ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2  (76) ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2    76 ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    25 Schneider line 2 Sg4    9 embryonic 1182-4H    16 embryonic GM2    23 embryonic Kc167    15 embryonic S1    10 embryonic S3    4 leg disc CME L1    11 wing disc CME-W2    8 wing disc ML-DmD8    5 wing disc ML-DmD9    14 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    9 wing disc ML-DmD21    4 wing disc ML-DmD32    12 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    7 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    9 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    8 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    7 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    3 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    14 tumorous blood cells mbn2    76 ovary fGS/OSS    9 ovary OSC    8 ovary OSS    6 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    10 cold shock, 4-day adult    6 heat shock, 4-day adult    7 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    4 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    12 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    4 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    8 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    12 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    3 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_09 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • RE10624 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0259228 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG14436-RA
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | embryonic stage | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 partially lethal - majority die | larval stage C3GMS viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 C3GGD10209 C3GGD15286 Other Phenotypes Allele eclosion defective C3GMS short lived C3GMS visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU C3GEP1613 Phenotype manifest in Allele anterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 embryonic/larval somatic muscle C3GMS embryonic/larval somatic muscle, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PU C3GEP1613 eye photoreceptor cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 lens, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 rhabdomere, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 ventral longitudinal muscle C3GMS ventral longitudinal muscle, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 wing disc, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 wing vein L3, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1 C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3
Classical Alleles ( 9 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of C3G Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion C3Gc06451 piggyBac transposase 1 -- C3Gd00589 P-element activity 1 -- C3Ge03301 piggyBac transposase 1 -- C3GEP1613 P-element activity 1 -- C3GGS8156 1 -- C3GMI06062 1 -- C3G2.5 0 -- C3GMS FLPase 0 Yes C3Gx13 P-element activity 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of C3G Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion C3GGD10209 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes C3GGD15286 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes C3GJF01589 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes C3GKK101834 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes C3GNIG.3126R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes C3GScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes C3GΔ.Scer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC,T:Ggal\Myr3 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Partially disrupted in	Df(1)2.5 (Gorfinkiel et al., 2005) Df(1)x13 (Glise et al., 2005)
Disrupted in	Df(1)pod1Δ225 (Rothenberg et al., 2003) Df(1)pod1Δ291 (Rothenberg et al., 2003)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD10209} NA P{KK101834} NA P{NIG.3126R} NA P{TRiP.JF01589} NA P{UAS-C3G.T:Myc.T:Myr3} NA P{UAS-C3G.T:Myc} NA P{UAS-C3G.Δ.T:Myc.T:Myr3} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}C3GEP1613 NA P{GSV3}C3GGS8156 NA P{XP}C3Gd00589 NA miscellaneous insertions Mi{MIC}C3GMI06062 NA PBac{PB}C3Gc06451 NA PBac{RB}C3Ge03301 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 7 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Ishimaru et al., 1999)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
muscle attachment inferred from mutant phenotype (Shirinian et al., 2010) Ras protein signal transduction inferred from mutant phenotype (assigned by UniProtKB) (Ishimaru et al., 1999) regulation of Rap GTPase activity inferred from direct assay (Shirinian et al., 2010) sarcomere organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Shirinian et al., 2010) somatic muscle development inferred from mutant phenotype (Shirinian et al., 2010)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with Saccharomyces CDC25 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Biological Process ( 0 terms)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
intracellular inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000651, InterPro:IPR001895, InterPro:IPR008937 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
C3G - CG8010 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) C3G - CanA1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) C3G - Chi anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) C3G - stv anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions C3G allele Gene References unspecified ksr (Ishimaru et al., 1999) Nsf2 (Laviolette et al., 2005) R (Ishimaru et al., 1999) Ras85D (Ishimaru et al., 1999) rl (Ishimaru et al., 1999)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58103 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0259228 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31618
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (38) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6VDQJD Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG6JQ465 Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG61G20N Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6TX97B Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG68DCNW
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6VDQJD)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\C3G     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD16180     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM12552     Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG17655 Y   Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\C3G Y   Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF20837 Y   Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA16131 Y   Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL26876 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK25837 Y   Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK25850     Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ16545 Y   Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI10221     Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI21607 Y   Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH24527 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG6JQ465)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL013817   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP000932   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ019106
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG61G20N)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\GB49150   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG009786   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH16188   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP18321   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO22611   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL12394   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH21652   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB13935   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV18057   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI008701   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM211010   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC004461
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6TX97B)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\PEPCK   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW013763
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG68DCNW)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_018323gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\CH73-302N16.1   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\rapgef1   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\RAPGEF1   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Rapgef1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Rapgef1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\RAPGEF1
Human Orthologs (1)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\RAPGEF1
AAA Orthologs (14) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila simulans Dsim\GD16177 Drosophila sechellia Dsec\GM12549 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG17654 Drosophila erecta Dere\GG17655 Drosophila yakuba Dyak\C3G Drosophila yakuba Dyak\GE16443 Drosophila ananassae Dana\GF20837 Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA16131 Drosophila persimilis Dper\GL26876 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK18859 Drosophila willistoni Dwil\GK25837 Drosophila virilis Dvir\GJ16545 Drosophila mojavensis Dmoj\GI21607 Drosophila grimshawi Dgri\GH24527
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 12 )
Bloomington	11245 w1118 P{EP}C3GEP1613 31116 y1 v1; P{TRiP.JF01589}attP2 41508 y1 w* Mi{MIC}C3GMI06062
Harvard	- P{XP}C3Gd00589 - PBac{PB}C3Gc06451 - PBac{RB}C3Ge03301
Kyoto	201430 y1 w67c23 P{GSV3}C3GGS8156/Binsinscy
VDRC	v105664 P{KK101834}VIE-260B v29828 w1118; P{GD15286}v29828 v29829 w1118; P{GD15286}v29829 v21306 w1118; P{GD10209}v21306/TM3 v21307 w1118; P{GD10209}v21307/CyO
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR48O24 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 103 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GM12790 IP03271 RE10624
Other clones	yak-em_C3G
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	RE05925
Other clones	14194 30789 35793 54328 58684 66514 70399 72224 144392 149444 193786 214249.10 214535.4 522451 522680 523634 527026 528042 533549 542460 558040 CK01.9A.F8 CK01.15A.G9 CK01.21C.D2 CK01.24A.F10 CK01.30C.H6 CK01.57D.C9 CK01.60B.G7 CK01.75A.F11 CK01.76B.D8 CK01.97B.B4 CK01.97C.C11 CK01.102D.D5 CK01.105B.A8 CK01.109D.F9 CK01601 CK02573 Dmel_dig_015846_0652_0815 Dmel_dig_018784_0711_2718 EC28727 EC052694 EC052704 EC052708 EC053773 EC054170 EC055062 EC055729 EK010328 EK021655 EK045911 EK059648 EK063428 EK067405 EK075429 EK075610 EK086415 EK089902 EK105739 EK116653 EK129201 EK130502 EK142528 EK146919 EK170402 EK179219 EK179706 EK181126 EK194338 EK198150 EK200940 EK213648 EK250821 EN02042 EN02545 EN04017 EN07141 EN08202 EN08264 EN09730 EN10648 EP08846 FGM218C01 GH19850 IP03371 IP03471 IP03571 RP004096227 RP004135258 RP004220918 RP004227648 RP004247348 RP004373841 RP004416138 RP004465975 RP004492602 RP004514854 RP004553405 UUGC0461
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0259228 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31618
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Shirinian et al., 2010)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: C3G CG14436 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008)
Additional comments	Annotations CG3126 and CG14436 merged as CG42328 in release 5.9 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008)
Other Comments
	dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003) Overactivation of C3G during development results in cell fate changes and overproliferation, mimicking overactivity of the RAS-MAPK pathway. (Ishimaru et al., 1999)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_132122 NM_176694 NM_001144694 NM_001144695 NM_001144696 NM_001144697 NM_001272362 NM_001272363 NM_001272364 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_572350 NP_788867 NP_001138166 NP_001138167 NP_001138168 NP_001138169 NP_001259291 NP_001259292 NP_001259293 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA804088 AAC35280 AAF46200 AAM29360 AAO41635 AAQ22488 ACL82898 ACL82899 ACL82900 ACL82901 AF053358 AGB95136 AGB95137 AGB95138 AQ025539 AY113355 BI169447 BT010019 CZ470700 CZ471682 CZ481069 CZ481070 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 31618 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • O77086 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • B7Z129 B7Z130 B7Z131 B7Z132
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Ras-like guanine nucleotide exchange factor, N-terminal (IPR000651) Guanine-nucleotide dissociation stimulator CDC25 (IPR001895) Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor (IPR008937) Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor, domain (IPR023578) Ras guanine-nucleotide exchange factor, conserved site (IPR019804) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • RE10624
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 58103 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0259228 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0259228 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0259228 FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array • CG14436-RA FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0259228 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 31618 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 31618 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0259228
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 9 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	C3G (Gorfinkiel et al., 2005, Laviolette et al., 2005, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Bakal et al., 2007, Bakal et al., 2007, Raymond et al., 2004, Stofanko et al., 2008, Glise et al., 2005, Shirinian et al., 2010, van Dam et al., 2009, Dupuy et al., 2005, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) C(3)G (Rothenberg et al., 2003, Hongay and Orr-Weaver, 2011, Joyce et al., 2011, Patil and Kai, 2010) c(3)G (Schrider et al., 2011) CG3126 (Laviolette et al., 2005, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Larschan et al., 2007, Larschan et al., 2007, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, van Dam et al., 2009) CG14436   CG42328 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008, Ni et al., 2008) DC3G (Ishimaru et al., 1999, Ishimaru et al., 1999) DC3-G (Raymond et al., 2004)
Name Synonym	C3G (Shirinian et al., 2010) C3G ortholog (H. sapiens)   CG14436   CG42328 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2008)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0026145 FBgn0029902
References ( 42 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 42 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 17 ) Supplementary material  ( 9 ) Review  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 8 ) Abstract  ( 1 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Hongay and Orr-Weaver, 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(36): 14855--14860 Drosophila Inducer of MEiosis 4 (IME4) is required for Notch signaling during oogenesis. [FBrf0215277] Joyce et al., 2011, J. Cell Biol. 195(3): 359--367 Drosophila ATM and ATR have distinct activities in the regulation of meiotic DNA damage and repair. [FBrf0216489] Schrider et al., 2011, Genome Res. 21(12): 2087--2095 Genome-wide analysis of retrogene polymorphisms in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0216827] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...