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Gene Dmel\par-1

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\par-1	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	par-1	Annotation symbol	CG8201
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0260934
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	18 publicly available
Also Known As	par1, l(2)k06323, dPAR-1, dPAR1
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	56D9-57D12	Sequence location	2R:15,343,679..15,373,193 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene par-1 is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\par-1 (CG8201, FBgn0260934). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: tau-protein kinase activity; protein kinase activity. There is experimental evidence for 17 unique biological process terms, many of which group under: cellular component organization or biogenesis; multicellular organism reproduction; biological regulation; localization; organelle organization; ovarian follicle cell development; regulation of developmental process; establishment of planar polarity; gamete generation; germarium-derived oocyte differentiation; immune response. 66 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: organ system; organ system subdivision; external compound sense organ; organelle; cytoplasmic part; peripheral nervous system; synapse; acellular anatomical structure; larval abdominal segment; extended germ band embryo; abdominal 5 ventral denticle belt; imaginal precursor; adult segment. It has 20 annotated transcripts and 20 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Kinase-associated KA1; Protein kinase, ATP binding site; Protein kinase, catalytic domain; Protein kinase-like domain; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site; Serine/threonine-protein kinase, catalytic domain; Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain; Ubiquitin-associated/translation elongation factor EF1B, N-terminal, eukaryote. Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, at stages throughout the larval period, at stages throughout the pupal period, in stages of adults of both sexes. Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain. Gene sequence location is 2R:15343679..15373193.
External Summaries
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10
FB2012_01	Sequence features HFA06616 BKN51275 BKN40656 BKN50146 BKN40395 BKN51288 BKN50977 BKN41428 HFA07661 HFA06098 BKN50147 HFA05792 HFA07660 BKN50603
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 56D9-57D12   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)k00705k00705&P{lacW}mei-W68k05603 and P{EP}CG11007EP736; Left limit from (method unavailable) (FBrf0108422) Right limit from (method unavailable) (FBrf0108422)
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 56D-56D     (Shulman, 2000.7.30) 56D-56D     (Shulman, 2000.4.19) 56D8-56D11   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 56F9-57D12   (determined by deficiency mapping, details unspecified).   (Liu and Montell, 1999) 56D8-56D11     (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)	mei-W68 (McKim, 1998.3.10)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\par-1 for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Shares 5' UTR with upstream gene. 3' UTRs of several alternative transcripts contain an ORF that is conserved among close Drosophila species (potential peptide 231aa in length; possible stop-codon suppression).
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) par-1-RA FBtr0086450  NM_206178   4823   938 par-1-RB FBtr0086451  NM_206177   4724   905 par-1-RC FBtr0086455  NM_206173   4904   1060 par-1-RD FBtr0086452  NM_206176   4892   1060 par-1-RE FBtr0086454  NM_206174   4811   1033 par-1-RF FBtr0086453  NM_206175   5006   1098 par-1-RG FBtr0086456  NM_206172   4792   1138 par-1-RH FBtr0086457  NM_206171   4768   993 par-1-RI FBtr0086458  NM_206170   4736   993 par-1-RJ FBtr0086459  NM_206169   4970   993 par-1-RL FBtr0100390  NM_001014542   4854   833 par-1-RM FBtr0100391  NM_001014541   3912   1060 par-1-RN FBtr0100392  NM_001014540   3862   833 par-1-RO FBtr0086460  NM_206168   4834   993 par-1-RP FBtr0301503  NM_001169737   4801   1141 par-1-RQ FBtr0100393  NM_001014539   3287   357 par-1-RR FBtr0301504  NM_001169738   3870   1046 par-1-RS FBtr0301505  NM_001169739   4836   827 par-1-RT FBtr0301506  NM_001169740   4898   1058 par-1-RU FBtr0304962     6038   938
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein par-1-PA   FBpp0085646   101.5   938   10.35     NP_995900   AAS64798 par-1-PB   FBpp0085647   97.7   905   10.20     NP_995899   AAS64799 par-1-PC   FBpp0085651   115.2   1060   10.47     NP_995895   AAF57550 par-1-PD   FBpp0085648   115.2   1060   10.47     NP_995898   AAF57548 par-1-PE   FBpp0085650   112.2   1033   10.37     NP_995896   AAM68417 par-1-PF   FBpp0085649   118.8   1098   10.47     NP_995897   AAF57549 par-1-PG   FBpp0085652   124.3   1138   10.32     NP_995894   AAS64804 par-1-PH   FBpp0085653   107.8   993   10.58     NP_995893   AAS64800 par-1-PI   FBpp0085654   107.8   993   10.58     NP_995892   AAS64801 par-1-PJ   FBpp0085655   107.8   993   10.58     NP_995891   AAS64802 par-1-PL   FBpp0099804   89.3   833   10.43     NP_001014542   AAX52690 par-1-PM   FBpp0099805   115.2   1060   10.47     NP_001014541   AAX52693 par-1-PN   FBpp0099806   89.3   833   10.43     NP_001014540   AAX52691 par-1-PO   FBpp0085656   107.8   993   10.58     NP_995890   AAS64803 par-1-PP   FBpp0290718   124.6   1141   10.33     NP_001163208   ACZ94480 par-1-PQ   FBpp0099807   38.6   357   10.86     NP_001014539   AAX52692 par-1-PR   FBpp0290719   113.7   1046   10.44     NP_001163209   ACZ94481 par-1-PS   FBpp0290720   88.5   827   10.42     NP_001163210   ACZ94482 par-1-PT   FBpp0290721   114.9   1058   10.49     NP_001163211   ACZ94483 par-1-PU   FBpp0293501   101.5   938   10.35
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	938 (aa) (Shulman et al., 2000)
Comments	A large number of transcripts are produced from the par-1 gene by the use of alternative promoters, multiple 3' ends and additional alternative splicing events. The predicted proteins range from 833-1130 amino acids. (Shulman et al., 2000)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Ubiquitin-associated/translation elongation factor EF1B, N-terminal, eukaryote (IPR015940) Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Kinase-associated KA1 (IPR001772) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR002290) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) Protein kinase, ATP binding site (IPR017441) Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (IPR017442)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA391205   AA540697   AA567721   AA698456   AA698825   AA802712   AA948932   AA949338   AA979602   AE013599 AAF57548   AE013599 AAF57549   AE013599 AAF57550   AE013599 AAM68417   AE013599 AAS64798   AE013599 AAS64799   AE013599 AAS64800   AE013599 AAS64801   AE013599 AAS64802   AE013599 AAS64803   AE013599 AAS64804   AE013599 AAX52690   AE013599 AAX52691   AE013599 AAX52692   AE013599 AAX52693   AC004299   AC004311   AE013599 ACZ94480   AE013599 ACZ94481   AE013599 ACZ94482   AE013599 ACZ94483   AF258462 AAF69801   AF387635 AAK82365   AF387636 AAK82366   AI062619   AI062801   AI107080   AI107500   AI108898   AI113834   AI135558   AI135882   AI238680   AI293042   AI388860   AI517515   AI533947   AJ293622 CAC00683   AJ293623 CAC00684   AQ025035   AQ025763   AQ025787   AQ254816   AW940067   AW940506   AX375143   AY058265 AAL13494   AY060291 AAL25330   AY128423 AAM75016   BF494791   BF502341   BG632205   BG632545   BG639419   BI173750   BI230085   BI240378   BI358173   BI358197   BI362483   BI373248   BI375896   BI588838   BI616957   BI618223   BI636194   BI637468   BI641438   BP541204   BP541485   BP548777   BP549844   BP554157   BT001834 AAN71589   BT009940   BT011020   BT032934   CA805864   CO155265   CO176959   CO190987   CO196277   CO196576   CO263278   CO264448   CO264837   CO267367   CO273593   CO275325   CO277059   CO279788   CO289055   CO289235   CO290786   CO292132   CO293197   CO293485   CO295867   CO296234   CO297060   CO298991   CO299049   CO300052   CO300535   CO306154   CO308643   CO308776   CO311211   CO314210   CO314292   CO320052   CO321397   CO322478   CO327564   CO328470   CO328557   CO329940   CO330610   CO331245   CO331678   CO331704   CO336098   CO339834   CO341402   CO342393   CO342415   CO344452   CO344931   CO345203   CZ476488   CZ476670   CZ476671   CZ478640   CZ478641   EC051318   EC051353   EC052861   EC052866   EC053796   EC055035   EC055316   EC055353   EC056300   EC056458   EC056551   EC059271   EC063341   EC064182   EC064774   EC067456   EC068397   EC068551   EC069196   EC075823   EC076512   EC077745   EC082680   EC083812   EC085658   EC196296   EC198059   EC198226   EC198774   EC200443   EC200567   EC201209   EC201422   EC203528   EC203784   EC205177   EC205649   EC205728   EC207872   EC209112   EC209617   EC209852   EC210531   EC213176   EC214281   EC215095   EC216140   EC219971   EC223691   EC225850   EC227171   EC228124   EC229410   EC230866   EC232919   EC233347   EC235811   EC239408   EC241437   EC242673   EC247456   EC248658   EC250885   EC251635   EC252302   EC253899   EC253998   EC256954   EC258620   EC259184   EC262298   EC263855   EG974121   EL884860   EL884861   EL884983   EL884984   EL885110   ES689686   ES692543   ES693578   ES693769   ES693889   ES693954   ES693970   EV575793   EV580973   EV584461   EV592192   FL502782   GH942816   GH943548   GH944943   GH945024   GH945998   GH946047   GH947133   GH947555   GH947886   GH950699   GH954097   GH957879   GH964200   GH967146   GH967545   GH968547   GH970366   GH975703   GH976200   GH977490   GH978244   GH982533   GH983237
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q7K9Q9 Q8IGD5 Q8MQR8 Q95T80 Q95U75 Q963E5 Q963E6 Q9V8V7 Q9V8V8 Q0E915 A1ZBL9 A1ZBM1 A1ZBL7 A1ZBL5 A1ZBM0 Q6NPA6 Q7YU80 E1JGN0 E1JGM9
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage & oogenesis   nurse cell   (Shulman et al., 2000) oocyte   (Shulman et al., 2000) follicle cell   (Shulman et al., 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage & oogenesis   nurse cell ring canal   (Shulman et al., 2000) follicle cell   (Shulman et al., 2000) oogenesis & adult stage | female   germarium   • fusome (Shulman et al., 2000) germarium region 1 | ubiquitous & female germline stem cell | ubiquitous   (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) Comment:after fusome disappearance adult stage | female & oogenesis stage S3   oocyte | posterior   (Tomancak et al., 2000) adult stage | female & oogenesis stage S8   oocyte   • cell cortex | uniform (Tomancak et al., 2000) nurse cell   (Tomancak et al., 2000) follicle cell   (Tomancak et al., 2000) adult stage | female & oogenesis stage S9   oocyte | anterior   (Shulman et al., 2000) oocyte | posterior   (Tomancak et al., 2000) adult stageoogenesis stage S9 -- S10   oocyte | anterior posterior gradient   (Shulman et al., 2000) adult stage | female & oogenesis stage S10   oocyte | posterior   (Shulman et al., 2000)   stage S5 oocyte | posterior   • cell cortex (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) germarium region 3 & stage S1 oocyte | posterior   • cytoplasm (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) stage S3 oocyte | posterior   • cytoplasm (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) germarium region 2b & presumptive oocyte | anterior   • cytoplasm (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) germarium region 1 & cystoblast   (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male   spermatozoon   (Wasbrough et al., 2010) western blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage | female   ovary   (Tomancak et al., 2000)
Additional Descriptive Data
	par-1 protein localizes cortically within follicle cells at early stages of oogenesis. It is restricted to the basolateral membrane domain of the columnar epithelium in stage 10 egg chambers. The earliest germ line staining is in the fusome in the germarium. par-1 protein then localizes to the ring canals and the cortical cytoskeleton of the nurse cells. No asymmetric localization of par-1 protein is observed in the oocyte during stages 1-8 but in stage 9, a transient enrichment is observed in the anterior of the oocyte. par-1 protein then becomes progressively more concentrated at the posterior pole during stages 9 and 10. (Shulman et al., 2000) par-1 protein is initially ubiquitously expressed in germline cells, but becomes localized to the presumptive oocyte after fusome disappearance, during oocyte specification. During oocyte polarization par-1 protein relocalizes from the anterior to the posterior of the developing oocyte. In stage 5 oocytes FBgn0260934:par-1 becomes tightly associated with the posterior cell cortex and does not overlap with FBgn0000163:baz@ protein. (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data for FBgn0260934    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales max expr for FBgn0260934 Very low expression bin max Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Summary of modENCODE Temporal Expression Profile: Temporal profile ranges from a peak of moderately high expression to a trough of moderate expression. Peak expression observed at stages throughout embryogenesis, at stages throughout the larval period, at stages throughout the pupal period, in stages of adults of both sexes. [download data (TSV)] Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No expression (0 - 0)   Extremely low expression (1 - 10)   Very low expression (11 - 100)   Low expression (101 - 400)   Moderate expression (401 - 1400)   Moderately high expression (1401 - 4000)   High expression (4001 - 10000)   Very high expression (10001 - 100000)   Extremely high expression (100001 - 2000000) Linear, scaled to maximum FBgn0260934 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2774 embryo 02-04hr    1909 embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr    1747 embryo 08-10hr    2308 embryo 10-12hr    2476 embryo 12-14hr    3157 embryo 14-16hr    3480 embryo 16-18hr    3227 embryo 18-20hr    2892 embryo 20-22hr    2854 embryo 22-24hr    3051 larva L1    1902 larva L2    1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1751 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2059 white prepupae new    2293 white prepupae 12hr    2688 white prepupae 24hr    2423 pupae 2d postWPP    2111 pupae 3d postWPP    1699 pupae 4d postWPP    2841 adult male 01day    1786 adult male 05day    1656 adult male 30day    1778 adult female 01day    2186 adult female 05day    2357 adult female 30day    2323 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (2774) embryo 02-04hr  (1909) embryo 04-06hr  (1016) embryo 06-08hr  (1747) embryo 08-10hr  (2308) embryo 10-12hr  (2476) embryo 12-14hr  (3157) embryo 14-16hr  (3480) embryo 16-18hr  (3227) embryo 18-20hr  (2892) embryo 20-22hr  (2854) embryo 22-24hr  (3051) larva L1  (1902) larva L2  (1409) larva L3 12hr old  (1249) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1014) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1751) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2059) white prepupae new  (2293) white prepupae 12hr  (2688) white prepupae 24hr  (2423) pupae 2d postWPP  (2111) pupae 3d postWPP  (1699) pupae 4d postWPP  (2841) adult male 01day  (1786) adult male 05day  (1656) adult male 30day  (1778) adult female 01day  (2186) adult female 05day  (2357) adult female 30day  (2323) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (2774) embryo 02-04hr  (1909) embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr  (1747) embryo 08-10hr  (2308) embryo 10-12hr  (2476) embryo 12-14hr  (3157) embryo 14-16hr  (3480) embryo 16-18hr  (3227) embryo 18-20hr  (2892) embryo 20-22hr  (2854) embryo 22-24hr  (3051) larva L1  (1902) larva L2  1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1751) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2059) white prepupae new  (2293) white prepupae 12hr  (2688) white prepupae 24hr  (2423) pupae 2d postWPP  (2111) pupae 3d postWPP  (1699) pupae 4d postWPP  (2841) adult male 01day  (1786) adult male 05day  (1656) adult male 30day  (1778) adult female 01day  (2186) adult female 05day  (2357) adult female 30day  (2323) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2774 embryo 02-04hr    1909 embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr    1747 embryo 08-10hr    2308 embryo 10-12hr    2476 embryo 12-14hr    3157 embryo 14-16hr    3480 embryo 16-18hr    3227 embryo 18-20hr    2892 embryo 20-22hr    2854 embryo 22-24hr    3051 larva L1    1902 larva L2    1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1751 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2059 white prepupae new    2293 white prepupae 12hr    2688 white prepupae 24hr    2423 pupae 2d postWPP    2111 pupae 3d postWPP    1699 pupae 4d postWPP    2841 adult male 01day    1786 adult male 05day    1656 adult male 30day    1778 adult female 01day    2186 adult female 05day    2357 adult female 30day    2323 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2774 embryo 02-04hr    1909 embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr    1747 embryo 08-10hr    2308 embryo 10-12hr    2476 embryo 12-14hr    3157 embryo 14-16hr    3480 embryo 16-18hr    3227 embryo 18-20hr    2892 embryo 20-22hr    2854 embryo 22-24hr    3051 larva L1    1902 larva L2    1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1751 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2059 white prepupae new    2293 white prepupae 12hr    2688 white prepupae 24hr    2423 pupae 2d postWPP    2111 pupae 3d postWPP    1699 pupae 4d postWPP    2841 adult male 01day    1786 adult male 05day    1656 adult male 30day    1778 adult female 01day    2186 adult female 05day    2357 adult female 30day    2323 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum FBgn0260934 expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2774 embryo 02-04hr    1909 embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr    1747 embryo 08-10hr    2308 embryo 10-12hr    2476 embryo 12-14hr    3157 embryo 14-16hr    3480 embryo 16-18hr    3227 embryo 18-20hr    2892 embryo 20-22hr    2854 embryo 22-24hr    3051 larva L1    1902 larva L2    1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1751 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2059 white prepupae new    2293 white prepupae 12hr    2688 white prepupae 24hr    2423 pupae 2d postWPP    2111 pupae 3d postWPP    1699 pupae 4d postWPP    2841 adult male 01day    1786 adult male 05day    1656 adult male 30day    1778 adult female 01day    2186 adult female 05day    2357 adult female 30day    2323 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Very low expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (2774) embryo 02-04hr  (1909) embryo 04-06hr  (1016) embryo 06-08hr  (1747) embryo 08-10hr  (2308) embryo 10-12hr  (2476) embryo 12-14hr  (3157) embryo 14-16hr  (3480) embryo 16-18hr  (3227) embryo 18-20hr  (2892) embryo 20-22hr  (2854) embryo 22-24hr  (3051) larva L1  (1902) larva L2  (1409) larva L3 12hr old  (1249) larva L3 puffstage 1-2  (1014) larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (1751) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (2059) white prepupae new  (2293) white prepupae 12hr  (2688) white prepupae 24hr  (2423) pupae 2d postWPP  (2111) pupae 3d postWPP  (1699) pupae 4d postWPP  (2841) adult male 01day  (1786) adult male 05day  (1656) adult male 30day  (1778) adult female 01day  (2186) adult female 05day  (2357) adult female 30day  (2323) Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (2774) embryo 02-04hr  1909 embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr  1747 embryo 08-10hr  2308 embryo 10-12hr  (2476) embryo 12-14hr  (3157) embryo 14-16hr  (3480) embryo 16-18hr  (3227) embryo 18-20hr  (2892) embryo 20-22hr  (2854) embryo 22-24hr  (3051) larva L1  1902 larva L2  1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  1751 larva L3 puffstage 7-9  2059 white prepupae new  2293 white prepupae 12hr  (2688) white prepupae 24hr  2423 pupae 2d postWPP  2111 pupae 3d postWPP  1699 pupae 4d postWPP  (2841) adult male 01day  1786 adult male 05day  1656 adult male 30day  1778 adult female 01day  2186 adult female 05day  2357 adult female 30day  2323 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2774 embryo 02-04hr    1909 embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr    1747 embryo 08-10hr    2308 embryo 10-12hr    2476 embryo 12-14hr    3157 embryo 14-16hr    3480 embryo 16-18hr    3227 embryo 18-20hr    2892 embryo 20-22hr    2854 embryo 22-24hr    3051 larva L1    1902 larva L2    1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1751 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2059 white prepupae new    2293 white prepupae 12hr    2688 white prepupae 24hr    2423 pupae 2d postWPP    2111 pupae 3d postWPP    1699 pupae 4d postWPP    2841 adult male 01day    1786 adult male 05day    1656 adult male 30day    1778 adult female 01day    2186 adult female 05day    2357 adult female 30day    2323 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    2774 embryo 02-04hr    1909 embryo 04-06hr    1016 embryo 06-08hr    1747 embryo 08-10hr    2308 embryo 10-12hr    2476 embryo 12-14hr    3157 embryo 14-16hr    3480 embryo 16-18hr    3227 embryo 18-20hr    2892 embryo 20-22hr    2854 embryo 22-24hr    3051 larva L1    1902 larva L2    1409 larva L3 12hr old    1249 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    1014 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    1751 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    2059 white prepupae new    2293 white prepupae 12hr    2688 white prepupae 24hr    2423 pupae 2d postWPP    2111 pupae 3d postWPP    1699 pupae 4d postWPP    2841 adult male 01day    1786 adult male 05day    1656 adult male 30day    1778 adult female 01day    2186 adult female 05day    2357 adult female 30day    2323 Expression Level Scale  None   Extremely low   Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data for FBgn0260934    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap Back-to-back    Scales max expr for FBgn0260934 Moderate expression bin max High level expression bin max Very high expression bin max Summary of FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data: Two or more Affy2 ProbeSets identify exons of this gene. This is a summary of the tissue expression peaks exhibited in at least one of these ProbeSets. Expression at moderate levels in the following post-embryonic organs or tissues: adult brain. [download data (TSV)] Guide to FlyAtlas expression level colors   No expression (0 - 9.999)   Low expression (10 - 99.999)   Moderate expression (100 - 499.999)   High level expression (500 - 999.999)   Very high expression (1000 - 25000) Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level Larval Central Nervous System no informative data Larval Midgut no informative data Larval Hindgut no informative data Larval Malpighian Tubules no informative data Larval Fat Body no informative data Larval Salivary Gland no informative data Larval Trachea no informative data Larval Carcass no informative data Adult Head no informative data Adult Eye no informative data Adult Brain no informative data Adult Thoracic-Abdominal Ganglion no informative data Adult Crop no informative data Adult Midgut no informative data Adult Hindgut no informative data Adult Malpighian Tubules no informative data Adult Fat Body no informative data Adult Salivary Gland no informative data Adult Heart no informative data Adult VirginFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult InseminatedFemale Spermatheca no informative data Adult Ovary no informative data Adult Testis no informative data Adult Male Accessory Gland no informative data Adult Carcass no informative data modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_27
External Data & Images
Linkouts	FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0260934
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | recessive par-127C1 par-1k06323 par-1W3 par-1Δ-16 viable par-1k05603 par-1k06323 viable, with Scer\GAL4[-]: par-1EP1144 viable (with par-127C1) par-1k06323 viable (with par-170D3) par-1k06323 viable (with par-1k06323) par-127C1 par-170D3 par-1k06821b par-1W3 viable (with par-1k06821b) par-1k06323 viable (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 Sterility Allele female fertile par-1k06323 female fertile (with par-1k05603) par-1k06323 female fertile (with par-1k06323) par-1k05603 female sterile par-1Δ-16 grandchildless (with par-1k06323) par-1k06821b par-1W3 grandchildless (with par-1k06821b) par-1k06323 grandchildless (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 grandchildless | recessive par-1k06323 Other Phenotypes Allele cell polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF par-1Scer\UAS.cBa cell polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1N1S.AEMmut.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 par-1N1S.ΔC.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 increased cell death, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF par-1Scer\UAS.cBa increased cell number, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF par-1Scer\UAS.cBa neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev par-1Scer\UAS.cSa neuroanatomy defective, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB par-1Scer\UAS.cSa neuroanatomy defective | larval stage par-1k06323 neuroanatomy defective | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cZa par-1Scer\UAS.cSa neuroanatomy defective | larval stage (with par-1k06323) par-1Δ-16 neuroanatomy defective | larval stage (with par-1Δ-16) par-1k06323 neurophysiology defective par-1k06323 neurophysiology defective, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW par-1KN.Scer\UAS par-1Scer\UAS.cSa planar polarity defective, with Scer\GAL4C-765 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa visible, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev par-1Scer\UAS.cSa visible, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB par-1Scer\UAS.cSa wild-type par-1N1S.αTub67C.T:Avic\GFP wild-type, with Scer\GAL4[-]: par-1EP899 Phenotype manifest in Allele abdominal 4 ventral denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa abdominal 5 ventral denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4c306 par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMDa border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4c306, par-127C1 par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMDa border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4c306, par-170D3 par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMDa border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4c306, par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMDa par-1Δ-16 par-127C1 par-170D3 border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4c306, par-1Δ-16 par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMDa border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6 par-1Scer\UAS.C*.T:Avic\GFP border follicle cell (with par-127C1) par-1k06323 border follicle cell (with par-170D3) par-1k06323 border follicle cell (with par-1k06323) par-1W3 par-127C1 par-170D3 border follicle cell (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 border follicle cell | somatic clone par-1Δ-16 par-1W3 par-127C1 centrosome & oocyte | germ-line clone par-1W3 denticle belt par-16323rev par-1dsRNA.2743-3648 par-1dsRNA.4138-4760 par-1k06323 denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1KN.Scer\UAS denticle belt (with par-1k06323) par-1W3 par-1k06821b denticle belt (with par-1k06821b) par-1k06323 denticle belt (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 denticle belt | ectopic par-1dsRNA.2743-3648 par-1dsRNA.4138-4760 denticle belt | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1KN.Scer\UAS egg chamber | germline clone par-1W3 egg chamber | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, par-1Scer\UAS.ΔSP.T:Avic\GFP par-1W3 egg chamber | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, par-1W3 par-1Scer\UAS.ΔSP.T:Avic\GFP embryo | posterior par-1k06323 embryo | posterior (with par-1k05603) par-1k06323 embryo | posterior (with par-1k06323) par-1k05603 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle par-1dsRNA.2743-3648 par-1dsRNA.4138-4760 embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1KN.Scer\UAS embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW par-1Scer\UAS.cSa embryonic abdominal segment par-1k06323 embryonic abdominal segment (with par-1k05603) par-1k06323 embryonic abdominal segment (with par-1k06323) par-1W3 par-1k05603 par-1k06821b embryonic abdominal segment (with par-1k06821b) par-1k06323 embryonic abdominal segment (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 embryonic abdominal segment | maternal effect (with par-1k06821b) par-1W3 embryonic abdominal segment | maternal effect (with par-1W3) par-1k06821b eye, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev par-1Scer\UAS.cSa eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB par-1Scer\UAS.cSa eye disc, with Scer\GAL4ey.PU par-1Scer\UAS.cBa eye disc, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF par-1Scer\UAS.cBa eye disc | somatic clone par-1W3 follicle cell & microtubule | somatic clone par-1Δ-16 par-1W3 par-1unspecified follicle cell | somatic clone par-1Δ-16 par-1unspecified follicle cell | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, par-1Scer\UAS.ΔSP.T:Avic\GFP par-1W3 follicle cell | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, par-1W3 par-1Scer\UAS.ΔSP.T:Avic\GFP germarium region 2b & microtubule | germ-line clone par-1W3 germline cell par-1k06323 germline cell (with par-1k05603) par-1k06323 germline cell (with par-1k06323) par-1W3 par-1k05603 par-1k06821b germline cell (with par-1k06821b) par-1k06323 germline cell (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev par-1Scer\UAS.cSa karyosome | germline clone par-1W3 microtubule, with Scer\GAL4C-765 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa microtubule, with Scer\GAL4unspecified par-1T786A.N1S.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-m6 microtubule & oocyte | posterior par-1k06821b microtubule | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, par-1Scer\UAS.K*.T:Avic\GFP par-1W3 microtubule | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL, par-1W3 par-1Scer\UAS.K*.T:Avic\GFP NMJ bouton par-1k06323 NMJ bouton, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW par-1Scer\UAS.cSa par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cZa NMJ bouton (with par-1k06323) par-1Δ-16 NMJ bouton (with par-1Δ-16) par-1k06323 nurse cell | germline clone | supernumerary par-1W3 nurse cell ring canal | germline clone par-1Δ-16 ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev par-1Scer\UAS.cSa oocyte, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1N1S.AEMmut.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 par-1N1S.ΔC.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 oocyte (with par-1k06323) par-1W3 oocyte (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 oocyte & microtubule (with par-1k06323) par-1W3 oocyte & microtubule (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 oocyte & pericentriolar material par-1Δ-16 oocyte | germline clone par-1Δ-16 par-1W3 oocyte | oogenesis stage S9 par-1k06323 oocyte nucleus, with Scer\GAL4mat.αTub67C.T:Hsim\VP16 par-1N1S.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-m6 par-1Scer\UAS.ΔSP.T:Avic\GFP par-1N1S.AEMmut.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 par-1N1S.Scer\UAS.ΔSP oocyte nucleus, with Scer\GAL4unspecified par-1T786A.N1S.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-m6 photoreceptor cell & neuron, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa photoreceptor cell & neuron, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev par-1Scer\UAS.cSa photoreceptor cell & neuron, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB par-1Scer\UAS.cSa pole cell par-1k06323 par-1unspecified pole cell (with par-1k05603) par-1k06323 pole cell (with par-1k06323) par-1W3 par-1k05603 par-1k06821b pole cell (with par-1k06821b) par-1k06323 pole cell (with par-1W3) par-1k06323 presynaptic active zone, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW par-1Scer\UAS.cSa subsynaptic reticulum, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW par-1Scer\UAS.cSa par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cZa subsynaptic reticulum (with par-1k06323) par-1Δ-16 subsynaptic reticulum (with par-1Δ-16) par-1k06323 synaptic vesicle, with Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW par-1Scer\UAS.cSa synaptonemal complex | germline clone par-1W3 wing hair, with Scer\GAL4C-765 par-1Scer\UAS.cSa
Classical Alleles ( 28 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of par-1 Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion par-1k06323 P-element activity 2 Yes par-15-HA-1696 1 -- par-15-HA-1763 1 -- par-1c04755 1 -- par-1CB-5700-3 1 -- par-1d04305 1 -- par-1d07289 1 -- par-1d08945 P-element activity 1 -- par-1DG23501 P-element activity 1 -- par-1e00796 piggyBac transposase 1 -- par-1e01063 1 -- par-1k05603 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 1 Yes par-1UM-8361-3 1 -- par-127C1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes par-136G4 0 -- par-142D9 0 Yes par-16323rev 0 Yes par-170D3 0 Yes par-1d06684 0 -- par-1d09305 P-element activity 0 -- par-1EP1144 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 0 Yes par-1EP899 P-element activity 0 Yes par-1EY08397 P-element activity 0 Yes par-1k06821b hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 0 Yes par-1SH0855 0 -- par-1unspecified 0 -- par-1W3 P-element activity 0 Yes par-1Δ-16 P-element activity 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 38 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of par-1 Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion par-1GD14836 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes par-1GL00253 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes par-1HMS00405 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes par-1AA.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1dsRNA.2743-3648 in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes par-1dsRNA.4138-4760 in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cMDa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes par-1dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cZa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes par-1KN.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes par-1KR.Scer\UAS in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1M329G.N1S.αTub67C.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - amino acid replacement in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1MtnA.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1L.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1L.αTub67C.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1S.AEMmut.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes par-1N1S.linker.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1S.N1kinase.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1S.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1S.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1S.Scer\UAS.ΔSP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes par-1N1S.αTub67C.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N1S.ΔC.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes par-1N2S.αTub67C.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1N3L.αTub67C.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.A*.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.B*.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.C*.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.cBa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.cGa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.cSa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.K*.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.N.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.NKT.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.SP.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.T*.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes par-1Scer\UAS.ΔSP.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes par-1T786A.N1S.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-m6 in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2R)AA21 (McDonald et al., 2008) Df(2R)BSC22 (McDonald et al., 2008) Df(2R)LD3 (McKim and Hayashi-Hagihara, 1998) Df(2R)LL4 (McKim and Hayashi-Hagihara, 1998) Df(2R)LL5 (McKim and Hayashi-Hagihara, 1998)
Not disrupted in	Df(2R)BSC26 (McDonald et al., 2008)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD14836} NA P{TRiP.GL00253} NA P{TRiP.HMS00405} NA P{UAS-par-1.A*.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.AA} NA P{UAS-par-1.B} NA P{UAS-par-1.B*.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.C*.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.G} NA P{UAS-par-1.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.K*.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.KN} NA P{UAS-par-1.KR} NA P{UAS-par-1.N1S.AEMmut-mGFP6} NA P{UAS-par-1.N1S.linker-mGFP6} NA P{UAS-par-1.N1S.N1kinase-mGFP6} NA P{UAS-par-1.N1S-mGFP6} NA P{UAS-par-1.N.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.NKT.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.RNAi.MD} NA P{UAS-par-1.RNAi.Z} NA P{UAS-par-1.S} NA P{UAS-par-1.SP.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.T*.GFP} NA P{UAS-par-1.ΔC-mGFP6} NA P{UAS-par-1.ΔSP.GFP} NA P{UASp-par-1.N1L.GFP} NA P{UASp-par-1.N1S.GFP} NA P{UASp-par-1.N1S.T786A.GFP} NA P{UASp-par-1.N1S.ΔSP} NA characterization construct P{αTub67C-par-1.N1L-mGFP6} NA P{αTub67C-par-1.N2S-mGFP6} NA P{αTub67C-par-1.N3L-mGFP6} NA P{αTub67C-par-1(N1S).GFP} NA P{αTub67C-par-1(N1S).M329G.GFP} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}mei-W68EP899 NA P{EP}mei-W68EP1144 NA P{EPgy2}mei-W68EY08397 NA P{XP}par-1d04305 NA P{XP}par-1d06684 NA P{XP}par-1d07289 NA P{XP}par-1d08945 NA P{XP}par-1d09305 NA insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}l(2)SH1897SH1897 No P{lacW}mei-W68k05603 No P{lacW}mei-W68k06821b No P{lacW}par-1k06323 No P{lacW}par-1SH0855 No miscellaneous insertions P{?EP}mei-W68W3 NA P{RS3}par-1CB-5700-3 NA P{RS3}par-1UM-8361-3 NA P{RS5}par-15-HA-1696 NA P{RS5}par-15-HA-1763 NA P{wHy}mei-W68DG23501 NA PBac{PB}par-1c04755 NA PBac{RB}par-1e00796 NA PBac{RB}par-1e01063 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 34 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 25 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein kinase activity inferred from direct assay (Riechmann et al., 2002, Benton and St. Johnston, 2003) tau-protein kinase activity inferred from direct assay (Doerflinger et al., 2003)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
actin filament organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Kiger et al., 2003) antimicrobial humoral response inferred from mutant phenotype (Kleino et al., 2005) axis specification inferred from mutant phenotype (Cox et al., 2001) border follicle cell delamination inferred from mutant phenotype (McDonald et al., 2008) border follicle cell migration inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu and Montell, 1999) establishment of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation inferred from mutant phenotype (Harumoto et al., 2010) gamete generation inferred from mutant phenotype (Shulman and St. Johnston, 1999) germarium-derived oocyte fate determination inferred from mutant phenotype (Cox et al., 2001, Huynh et al., 2001) microtubule cytoskeleton organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Cox et al., 2001, Doerflinger et al., 2003) microtubule cytoskeleton organization involved in establishment of planar polarity inferred from mutant phenotype (Harumoto et al., 2010) oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton organization inferred from mutant phenotype (Shulman et al., 2000) oocyte nucleus localization involved in oocyte dorsal/ventral axis specification inferred from mutant phenotype (Doerflinger et al., 2006) ovarian follicle cell development inferred from mutant phenotype (Vaccari et al., 2005) pole plasm protein localization inferred from mutant phenotype (Shulman et al., 2000, Doerflinger et al., 2006) regulation of cell shape inferred from mutant phenotype (Kiger et al., 2003) regulation of pole plasm oskar mRNA localization inferred from mutant phenotype (Shulman et al., 2000) synaptic growth at neuromuscular junction inferred from mutant phenotype (Zhang et al., 2007)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
basolateral plasma membrane inferred from direct assay (Shulman et al., 2000, Cox et al., 2001) cell cortex inferred from direct assay (Shulman et al., 2000, Harumoto et al., 2010) fusome inferred from direct assay (Cox et al., 2001, Lighthouse et al., 2008) germline ring canal inferred from direct assay (Cox et al., 2001) neuromuscular junction inferred from direct assay (Zhang et al., 2007) type I terminal button inferred from direct assay (Zhang et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 11 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR001772, InterPro:IPR002290, InterPro:IPR017441 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) protein serine/threonine kinase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Shulman and St. Johnston, 1999) inferred from sequence or structural similarity with KP78a AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with worm par-1 (Shulman et al., 2000) inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q05512 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Shulman, 2000.7.30, Morrison et al., 2000)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
anterior/posterior axis specification traceable author statement (Gonczy, 2002) germarium-derived oocyte fate determination traceable author statement (Sardet et al., 2002, Ahringer, 2003) maintenance of protein location traceable author statement (Ahringer, 2003) oocyte anterior/posterior axis specification traceable author statement (Ahringer, 2003) oocyte differentiation traceable author statement (Johnstone and Lasko, 2001) oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton organization traceable author statement (Sardet et al., 2002, Johnstone and Lasko, 2001, Gonczy, 2002) pole plasm oskar mRNA localization traceable author statement (Johnstone and Lasko, 2001) protein phosphorylation inferred from sequence or structural similarity with KP78a AND inferred from sequence or structural similarity with worm par-1 (Shulman et al., 2000) non-traceable author statement (Morrison et al., 2000) regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway traceable author statement (Ahringer, 2003)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene   gene_with_dicistronic_primary_transcript (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2004) nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions par-1 allele Gene References l(2)27C127C1 l(2)17E1 (Liu and Montell, 1999) tai (McDonald et al., 2003) par-1k05603 osk (Riechmann et al., 2002) par-1k06323 lkb1 (Martin and St Johnston, 2003) osk (Riechmann et al., 2002) par-1k06821b lkb1 (Martin and St Johnston, 2003) par-1W3 14-3-3ε (Benton et al., 2002) lkb1 (Martin and St Johnston, 2003) unspecified lkb1 (Martin and St. Johnston, 2003)
External Data
Linkouts	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 77702 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0260934 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0260934 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 2768852
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dsim\GD11459
Curated drosophilid orthologs
Linkouts	InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL003953-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP012064-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_394194.3 Apis mellifera (honey bee) 92990 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) ENSBTAP00000013808 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0006385 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN02220 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP01266 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) ENSCAFP00000026984 Canis familiaris (dog) CAGL0M11396g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) ENSCINP00000016759 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA08277 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) cn11079 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) CPIJ010275 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000012567 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) RP41211 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000007237 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 119833 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0216369 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DEHA2D18326g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 313175 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000008926 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000014818 Equus caballus (horse) ENSGACP00000010714 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000018736 Gallus gallus (chicken) 83409 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000355884 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW014579-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0F19536g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) 218210 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) LmjF03.0350 Leishmania major (virus) 34468 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000005696 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000004857 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000007555 Mus musculus (house mouse) 139527 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) ENSOANP00000002264 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000008952 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os03g54780.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) PHUM001617-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPPYP00000007011 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 80694 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) ENSPTRP00000041728 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSRNOP00000014395 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) YLR096W Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_013840.2 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPBC4F6.06 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_001193113.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 27001 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) XP_968516.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) ENSTNIP00000015361 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) ENSTRUP00000029052 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3812.m02685 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) ENSXETP00000027896 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0D22770g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • LH20895 FBgn0229830 FBgn0220602 FBgn0176843 FBgn0114156 CPIJ015835 CPIJ006188 BGIBMGA000137 AGAP012063 PB23353
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 18 )
Harvard	- P{XP}par-1d04305 - P{XP}par-1d07289 - P{XP}par-1d08945 - PBac{PB}par-1c04755 - PBac{RB}par-1e00796 - PBac{RB}par-1e01063
Kyoto	123764 w1118; P{RS3}par-1CB-5700-3 124499 w1118; P{RS3}par-1UM-8361-3 125351 w1118; P{RS5}par-15-HA-1696 125385 w1118; P{RS5}par-15-HA-1763
VDRC	v52553 w1118; P{GD14836}v52553/TM3 v52556 w1118; P{GD14836}v52556/TM3
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR25K02 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 202 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH01890 GH13362 GH14769 RE47050 RH48823 SD05712
Other clones	DPiM_GH14769 IP20426
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT03530 AT18039 GH02142 GH05010 GH05217 GH06372 GH08214 GH13789 GH16117 GH19901 GH28511 GM06191 GM16758 HL01679 HL04715 HL05758 LD10429 LD20471 LD27632 LD28195 LD34276 RE16843 RE37214 RE44862 RE44886 RE60494 RE63801 RH30276 RH47141 SD05995 SD17803 SD19504 SD24772
Other clones	1650 11402 14357 19469 27991 29867 29929 31147 32368 37732 57906 60843 62542 64669 66217 72988 74792 76095 78241 79349 82115 82483 100965 105444 108693 117777 118762 147566 156075 156428 156701 167025 184293 191710 192085 193958 214225.59 214247.67 214385.58 214479.65 214511.67 214513.46 214563.4 273696 274013 524687 556991 CK01.2D.D12 CK01.7C.E11 CK01.29C.C5 CK01.40B.F9 CK01.62C.E1 CK01.89C.A12 CK01.96B.D4 CK01.96D.F4 CK01.105A.H8 CK01.113B.C2 CK01.116A.G7 CK01.121D.F4 CK01.124B.B10 Dmel_dig_010340_0671_2509 Dmel_dig_017576_0643_2130 Dmel_dig_017815_0658_1686 Dmel_neb_013110_0681_1541 DMG4-chr2R.27.016.pred.a EC051318 EC051353 EC052861 EC052866 EC053796 EC055035 EC055316 EC055353 EC056300 EC056458 EC056551 EK002631 EK006101 EK050417 EK051809 EK070007 EK070527 EK075154 EK087964 EK111528 EK117128 EK122810 EK136029 EK139238 EK140438 EK149559 EK174244 EK174414 EK177307 EK178444 EK185612 EK188224 EK199304 EK202046 EK203101 EK211864 EK213125 EK215826 EK223747 EK235431 EK235642 EK250401 EK258962 EK259325 EK282007 EK290855 EK294214 EK295718 EK298902 EK301039 EK301159 EN05735 EN11823 EP07529 EP09248 EP09464 EP12402 EP14824 EP14859 EP19312 EP20760 EP21614 ESG0120a.B21_E07 FGA011E06 FGC002B10 FGM001G03 FGM103G11 FGM228C11 GH10312 IP16081 IP16181 IP16281 LP09649 RP004048101 RP004119725 RP004168768 RP004204774 RP004207326 RP004212549 RP004212951 RP004220096 RP004223303 RP004225216 RP004234269 RP004235233 RP004249399 RP004254438 RP004262509 RP004289828 RP004324993 RP004336745 RP004428338 RP004452347 RP004466215 RP004470698 RP004506987
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0260934 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 46817 246475 246476 2768852
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Shulman et al., 2000, Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: par-1 anon-WO0210402.19 (Shulman et al., 2000, FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: par-1 BcDNA:RH48823 (Rana, 2004.7.2) Source for merge of: par-1 CG11960 (Whitfield, 2000.8.16) Source for merge of: par-1 l(2)27C1 (McDonald et al., 2008)
Additional comments	One or more of the processed transcripts for this gene share(s) untranslated sequences with a transcript of an adjacent gene, but encode(s) a single open reading frame (ORF). The non-overlapping ORFs that share untranslated sequences are represented by par-1 and mei-W68. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2004) Source for merge of par-1 anon-WO0210402.19 was sequence comparison (date:051113). (Shulman et al., 2000, FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
	RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a greater than three-fold increase in AttA activity in response to heat-killed E.coli after ecdysone treatment in S2 cells. (Kleino et al., 2005) When dsRNA constructs are made and transiently transfected into S2 cells in RNAi experiments, an increase in the proportion of G2/M phase cells, an increase in cell size, a decrease in mitotic index and a whole range of mitotic abnormalities are seen. (Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2004) RNAi screen using dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene causes a phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells: reduced F-actin and altered cell shape. Kc167 cells show change from round to spindle-shaped, with the formation of F-actin puncta and microtubule extensions. (Kiger et al., 2003) dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology. (Kiger et al., 2003) par-1 protein phosphorylates osk protein and par-1 is required for the accumulation of osk protein. (Riechmann et al., 2002) par-1 appears to act on the cytoskeleton to affect polarisation within the oocyte in conjunction with BicD, egl and dynein. (Vaccari and Ephrussi, 2002) par-1 is required early in the germline for organisation of the microtubule cytoskeleton and subsequent oocyte determination. It has a second role late in oogenesis in axis determination. (Cox et al., 2001) par-1 is required for the maintenance of oocyte identity. (Huynh et al., 2001) Loss of par-1 function disrupts pole cell formation and abdominal patterning in the embryo. These defects arise from a disorganisation of the oocyte microtubule cytoskeleton. (Shulman et al., 2000) par-1 is maternally required for gametogenesis. (Shulman and St. Johnston, 1999)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_206168 NM_206169 NM_206170 NM_206171 NM_206172 NM_206173 NM_206174 NM_206175 NM_206176 NM_206177 NM_206178 NM_001014539 NM_001014540 NM_001014541 NM_001014542 NM_001169737 NM_001169738 NM_001169739 NM_001169740 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_995890 NP_995891 NP_995892 NP_995893 NP_995894 NP_995895 NP_995896 NP_995897 NP_995898 NP_995899 NP_995900 NP_001014539 NP_001014540 NP_001014541 NP_001014542 NP_001163208 NP_001163209 NP_001163210 NP_001163211 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA540697 AA979602 AAF57548 AAF57548.2 AAF57549 AAF57549.2 AAF57550 AAF57550.2 AAF69801 AAK82365 AAK82366 AAL13494 AAL25330 AAM68417 AAM68417.1 AAM75016 AAN71589 AAS64798 AAS64798.1 AAS64799 AAS64799.1 AAS64800 AAS64800.1 AAS64801 AAS64801.1 AAS64802 AAS64802.1 AAS64803 AAS64803.1 AAS64804 AAS64804.1 AAX52690 AAX52691 AAX52692 AAX52693 AC004299 AC004311 ACZ94480 ACZ94481 ACZ94482 ACZ94483 AF258462 AF387635 AF387636 AI062619 AI113834 AI135558 AI238680 AJ293622 AJ293623 AQ025035 AQ025763 AQ025787 AQ254816 AW940067 AW940506 AX375143 AY058265 AY060291 AY128423 BG632545 BI362483 BI618223 BT001834 CAC00683 CAC00684 CZ476488 CZ476670 CZ476671 CZ478640 CZ478641 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 2768852 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • A1ZBL5 A1ZBL7 A1ZBL9 A1ZBM0 A1ZBM1 E1JGM9 E1JGN0 Q0E915 Q6NPA6 Q7K9Q9 Q7YU80 Q8IGD5 Q8MQR8 Q9V8V7 Q9V8V8 Q95T80 Q95U75 Q963E5 Q963E6
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Ubiquitin-associated/translation elongation factor EF1B, N-terminal, eukaryote (IPR015940) Protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR000719) Kinase-associated KA1 (IPR001772) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, catalytic domain (IPR002290) Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site (IPR008271) Protein kinase-like domain (IPR011009) Protein kinase, ATP binding site (IPR017441) Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (IPR017442)
Linkouts
	BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions • 77702 DPiM - DPiM, Drosophila Protein interaction Map • FBgn0260934 DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0260934 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0260934 FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies • FBgn0260934 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0260934 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 46817 246475 246476 2768852 InParanoid A subset of ortholog calls from InParanoid. • AAEL003953-PA Aedes aegypti (mosquito) AGAP012064-PA Anopheles gambiae (mosquito) XP_394194.3 Apis mellifera (honey bee) 92990 Branchiostoma floridae (lancelet) ENSBTAP00000013808 Bos taurus (bovine) CAL0006385 Candida albicans (a form of yeast) CN02220 Caenorhabditis brenneri (small nematode) CBP01266 Caenorhabditis briggsae (nematode) ENSCAFP00000026984 Canis familiaris (dog) CAGL0M11396g Candida glabrata (haploid yeast) ENSCINP00000016759 Ciona intestinalis (sea squirt) JA08277 Caenorhabditis japonica (nematode) cn11079 Cryptococcus neoformans (yeast-like fungus) CPIJ010275 Culex pipens (mosquito) ENSCPOP00000012567 Cavia porcellus (guinea pig) RP41211 Caenorhabditis remanei (nematode) ENSCSAVP00000007237 Ciona savignyi (sedentary tunicate) 119833 Capitella spl (polychaete worm) DDB0216369 Dictyostelium discoideum (amoeba) DEHA2D18326g Debaryomyces Hansenii (yeast) 313175 Daphnia pulex (daphnia) ENSDARP00000008926 Danio rerio (zebra fish) ENSECAP00000014818 Equus caballus (horse) ENSGACP00000010714 Gymnopilus aculeatus (mushroom) ENSGALP00000018736 Gallus gallus (chicken) 83409 Hypsipyla robusta (cedar shoot borer) ENSP00000355884 Homo sapiens (human) ISCW014579-PA Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) KLLA0F19536g Kluyveromyces lactis (yeast) 218210 Lottia gigantea (owl limpet) LmjF03.0350 Leishmania major (virus) 34468 Monocosta brevicollis (choanoflagellate) ENSMODP00000005696 Monodelphis domestica (gray opossum) ENSMMUP00000004857 Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) ENSMUSP00000007555 Mus musculus (house mouse) 139527 Nematostella vectensis (starlet anemone) ENSOANP00000002264 Ornithorynchus anatinus (platypus) ENSORLP00000008952 Oryzias latipes (japanese killifish) LOC_Os03g54780.1 Oryza sativa (asian rice) PHUM001617-PA Pediculus humanus (human body louse) ENSPPYP00000007011 Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan) 80694 Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death pathogen) ENSPTRP00000041728 Pan troglodytes (chimpanzee) ENSRNOP00000014395 Rattus norvegicus (norway rat) YLR096W Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) Smp_013840.2 Schistosoma mansoni (trematode parasite) SPBC4F6.06 Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) XP_001193113.1 Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (purple sea urchin) 27001 Trichoplax adhaerens (metazoa) XP_968516.2 Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) ENSTNIP00000015361 Tetraodon nigroviridis (green spotted pufferfish) ENSTRUP00000029052 Takifugu rubripes (pufferfish Takifugu) 3812.m02685 Tetrahymena thermophila (ciliate protozoa) ENSXETP00000027896 Xenopus tropicalis (frog) YALI0D22770g Yarrowia lipolytica (nonconventional yeast) Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution • /cytoskel/par1-1.htm InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 2768852 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0260934 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • LH20895 FBgn0229830 FBgn0220602 FBgn0176843 FBgn0114156 CPIJ015835 CPIJ006188 BGIBMGA000137 AGAP012063 PB23353
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 29 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	27C1 (McDonald et al., 2003) anon-WO0210402.19   BcDNA:RH48823   CG8201 (Morrison et al., 2000, Whitfield, 2000.8.16, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Ni et al., 2011.7.19) CG11960 (Whitfield, 2000.8.16, ) CG16701   CG30131 (Giot et al., 2003, ) CG30132   dMARK (Iijima-Ando et al., 2010) dPAR1 (Drewes, 2004) DPar1 (Klinge et al., 2003) dPAR-1 (Sun et al., 2001, Mosca and Schwarz, 2010) DPAR-1 (Ohno, 2001, Morris et al., 2000) dPar-1 (Bakal et al., 2007) EMK (Margolis and Borg, 2005) l(2)27C1 (McDonald et al., 2008, ) l(2)k06323 (Jia et al., 2003, Palmer et al., 1999, Spradling et al., 1999, McKim and Hayashi-Hagihara, 1998, McKim, 1998.3.10, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999, ) MARK (Wang et al., 2007) par1 (Wang et al., 2009, Munro et al., 2006, Amin et al., 2007, Krauss et al., 2009, Shao et al., 2010) par-1 (McDonald et al., 2008, Gotta, 2005, Wiggin et al., 2005, Lin et al., 2006, Zimyanin et al., 2007, Zimyanin et al., 2007, Coutelis and Ephrussi, 2007, Munro et al., 2006, Wang et al., 2007, Zhang et al., 2007, Simons et al., 2009, Dworkin et al., 2009, Becalska and Gavis, 2010, Doerflinger et al., 2010, Lighthouse et al., 2008, Davidson et al., 2009, Fichelson et al., 2010, Gonsalvez et al., 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010) PAR1 (Wallingford and Habas, 2005, Baas et al., 2004, Margolis and Borg, 2005) PAR-1 (Drewes, 2004, Benton, 2001, Cox et al., 2001, Doerflinger et al., 2006, Doerflinger, 2006, Krahn and Wodarz, 2008, Chatterjee et al., 2008, Suzuki and Ohno, 2006, Dahlgaard et al., 2007, Kwon et al., 2008, Chatterjee et al., 2009, Harumoto et al., 2010, Lee et al., 2010) Par1 (Rodriguez-Boulan et al., 2004, Segalen et al., 2007) Par-1 (Tekotte and Davis, 2002, Wharton, 2003, Sardet et al., 2002, Navarro et al., 2001, Serbus et al., 2001, Tian and Deng, 2007, Papadaki and Ephrussi, 2007, Nam et al., 2007, Jenny et al., 2006, Tian and Deng, 2008, Matsubayashi et al., 2004, Tian and Deng, 2008, Gervais et al., 2008, Nam et al., 2007, Sung et al., 2008, Choi et al., 2007, Bayraktar et al., 2006, Tian and Deng, 2009, Januschke and Gonzalez, 2010)
Name Synonym	C-TAK1-like (Morrison et al., 2000) ELKL motif kinase (Margolis and Borg, 2005) lethal (2) 27C1   par-1   Par-1 kinase (Derenzo and Seydoux, 2004) Par-1 protein kinase (Nam et al., 2007)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0022139 FBgn0026193 FBgn0026655 FBgn0034448 FBgn0034449 FBgn0034450 FBgn0050131 FBgn0050132 FBgn0061180 FBgn0064805 FBgn0065111
References ( 161 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 161 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 68 ) Supplementary material  ( 13 ) Review  ( 36 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 10 ) Abstract  ( 19 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 5 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Meeting report  ( 1 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 2 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Patent  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 11 )
	Morozova et al., 2011, Genetics 187(4): 1193--1205 Transcriptional networks for alcohol sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0214377] Becalska and Gavis, 2010, Dev. Biol. 340(2): 528--538 Bazooka regulates microtubule organization and spatial restriction of germ plasm assembly in the Drosophila oocyte. [FBrf0210533] Doerflinger et al., 2010, Development 137(10): 1765--1773 Bazooka is required for polarisation of the Drosophila anterior-posterior axis. [FBrf0210668] Fichelson et al., 2010, Development 137(5): 815--824 lethal giant larvae is required with the par genes for the early polarization of the Drosophila oocyte. [FBrf0209930] Gonsalvez et al., 2010, Development 137(14): 2341--2351 Sm proteins specify germ cell fate by facilitating oskar mRNA localization. [FBrf0211144] Harumoto et al., 2010, Dev. Cell 19(3): 389--401 Atypical cadherins dachsous and fat control dynamics of noncentrosomal microtubules in planar cell polarity. [FBrf0211754] Iijima-Ando et al., 2010, Hum. Mol. Genet. 19(10): 1930--1938 A DNA damage-activated checkpoint kinase phosphorylates tau and enhances tau-induced neurodegeneration. [FBrf0210684] Januschke and Gonzalez, 2010, J. Cell Biol. 188(5): 693--706 The interphase microtubule aster is a determinant of asymmetric division orientation in Drosophila neuroblasts. [FBrf0210175] Lee et al., 2010, J. Neurosci. 30(50): 16959--16969 LRRK2 kinase regulates synaptic morphology through distinct substrates at the presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments of the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. [FBrf0212570] Mosca and Schwarz, 2010, Nat. Neurosci. 13(8): 935--943 The nuclear import of Frizzled2-C by Importins-beta11 and alpha2 promotes postsynaptic development. [FBrf0211361] Shao et al., 2010, PLoS ONE 5(4): e9938 A modifier screen for Bazooka/PAR-3 interacting genes in the Drosophila embryo epithelium. [FBrf0210449] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2010 Show reviews ...