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Gene Dmel\cu

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\cu	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	curled	Annotation symbol	CG31299
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0261808
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	672 publicly available
Also Known As	nocturnin
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	3R	Recombination map	3-50.0
Cytogenetic map	86D7-86D7	Sequence location	3R:7,023,314..7,034,355 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene curled is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\cu (CG31299, FBgn0261808). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Its molecular function is unknown. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: response to light stimulus; locomotor rhythm; nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening. 21 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: wing; posterior scutellar bristle. It has 6 annotated transcripts and 6 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase. Gene sequence location is 3R:7023314..7034355.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	cu: curled cu: curled From Bridges and Morgan, 1923, Carnegie Inst. Washington Publ. No. 327: 152. Wings curved upward throughout length and slightly divergent. Body color dark. Postscutellars erect and crossed. Good nutrition of larvae enhances curled character as does high temperature in last day of pupal life. (Nozawa, 1956, Jpn. J. Genet. 31: 321-26). RK1.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 86D7-86D7   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP3340EP3340 and P{PZ}tho1&P{PZ}l(3)0462905275
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	3-50.0
Left of (cM)	mus308 mus307 mus306 (Boyd et al., 1981) r(αGPDH) (King and McDonald, 1982)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\cu for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.47 Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR. Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated. Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) cu-RC FBtr0113218  NM_001104275   1710   449 cu-RD FBtr0113219  NM_001104276   2192   642 cu-RE FBtr0113220  NM_001104277   1865   446 cu-RF FBtr0335218  NM_169375   1695   441 cu-RG FBtr0335219  NM_169374   1970   481 cu-RH FBtr0335220  NM_001275542   1598   419
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein cu-PC   FBpp0112130   50.3   449   6.03     NP_001097745   ABW08639 cu-PD   FBpp0112131   71.9   642   4.93     NP_001097746   ABW08640 cu-PE   FBpp0112132   50.0   446   5.85     NP_001097747   ABW08641 cu-PF   FBpp0307205   49.4   441   5.66     NP_731540   AAF54601 cu-PG   FBpp0307206   54.1   481   6.93     NP_731539   AAF54600 cu-PH   FBpp0307207   46.8   419   5.10     NP_001262471   AGB95853
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase (IPR005135)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AE014297 AAF54600   AE014297 AAF54601   AE014297 ABW08639   AE014297 ABW08640   AE014297 ABW08641   AE014297 AGB95853   AI063489   AY043266 AAK85704   BG632098   BI482432   BT015292 AAT94521   BT023825   BT025859   BT070224   CO282375   CO292885   CO306018   CO314303   CO324181   CO331404   CO340036   CZ466776   EC061246   EC063654   EC073491   EC075341   EC078707   EC079196   EC086160   EC086643   EC088730   EC228049   EC253313   EL884405   EL884406   EL884520   EL884644   GH778317   GH780772   GH783363   GH793635   GH817601   GH829863   GH844003   GH847649   GH917657   GH918263
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q8MTZ6 Q3ZAP4 A8JQX3 Q6AWF6
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage   embryonic/larval proventriculus   (Grönke et al., 2009) Comment:posterior to the later imaginal ring region ring gland   (Grönke et al., 2009) embryonic/larval salivary gland   (Grönke et al., 2009) embryonic/larval midgut   (Grönke et al., 2009) third instar larval stage   ring gland   (Grönke et al., 2009) embryonic/larval proventriculus   (Grönke et al., 2009) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage -- adult stage     (Grönke et al., 2009) RT-PCR Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   adult brain   (Nagoshi et al., 2010) Comment:expression specific to cu isoforms cu-RC, RD and RE.
Additional Descriptive Data
	cu transcripts are detected at all stages by northern blot. Strong expression is observed in embryos in the proventricus, ring gland, and salivary glands and weak expression is seen in the midgut by in situ hybridization. Proventricular and ring gland expression is also observed in third instar larvae. (Grönke et al., 2009) cu transcripts cu-RC, cu-RD and cu-RE are detected in the adult brain. The transcript cu-RD is the only that shows cycling behaviour, with a peak around ZT8. (Nagoshi et al., 2010)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   DN3 neuron | subset   (Nagoshi et al., 2010) Comment:expression specific to cu isoform cu-PD. western blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage   adult brain   (Nagoshi et al., 2010) Comment:expression specific to cu isoform cu-PD.
Additional Descriptive Data
	The cu protein isoform cu-PD shows cycling behaviour in the adult brain, with a peak around ZT12. Expression in the brain is detected in a subset of the clock cells DN3. (Nagoshi et al., 2010)
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
CCR4-NOT complex inferred from direct assay (Temme et al., 2010) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Grönke et al., 2009) lipid particle inferred from direct assay (Cermelli et al., 2006)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8  26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8  26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    3 central nervous system, larvae L3    21 central nervous system, pupae P8    6 head, virgin 1-day female    10 head, virgin 4-day female    14 head, virgin 20-day female    15 head, mated 1-day female    10 head, mated 4-day female    24 head, mated 20-day female    12 head, mated 1-day male    12 head, mated 4-day male    10 head, mated 20-day male    12 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    1 salivary gland, white prepupae    2 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    8 digestive system, 1-day adult    14 digestive system, 4-day adult    14 digestive system, 20-day adult    9 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    6 fat body, white prepupae    13 fat body, pupae P8    26 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    15 carcass, 1-day adult    18 carcass, 4-day adult    20 carcass, 20-day adult    22 ovary, virgin 4-day female    14 ovary, mated 4-day female    9 testis, mated 4-day male    3 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    4 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr    42 white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    142 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr  (42) white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP  (142) adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr    42 white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP  (142) adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr    42 white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    142 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr    42 white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    142 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr  (42) white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP  (142) adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr    42 white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP  142 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    10 embryo 02-04hr    1 embryo 04-06hr    0 embryo 06-08hr    2 embryo 08-10hr    4 embryo 10-12hr    7 embryo 12-14hr    6 embryo 14-16hr    11 embryo 16-18hr    10 embryo 18-20hr    17 embryo 20-22hr    19 embryo 22-24hr    17 larva L1    12 larva L2    8 larva L3 12hr old    15 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    10 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    10 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    15 white prepupae new    20 white prepupae 12hr    42 white prepupae 24hr    15 pupae 2d postWPP    14 pupae 3d postWPP    7 pupae 4d postWPP    142 adult male 01day    23 adult male 05day    17 adult male 30day    12 adult female 01day    18 adult female 05day    12 adult female 30day    12 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2    45 embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2  (45) embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2    45 embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2    45 embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2    45 embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2  (45) embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2    45 embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    3 Schneider line 2 Sg4    8 embryonic 1182-4H    3 embryonic GM2    45 embryonic Kc167    8 embryonic S1    5 embryonic S3    13 leg disc CME L1    10 wing disc CME-W2    11 wing disc ML-DmD8    9 wing disc ML-DmD9    1 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    3 wing disc ML-DmD21    6 wing disc ML-DmD32    2 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    2 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    1 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    1 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    5 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    4 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    16 tumorous blood cells mbn2    11 ovary fGS/OSS    0 ovary OSC    2 ovary OSS    13 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    5 cold shock, 4-day adult    5 heat shock, 4-day adult    10 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    12 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    11 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    11 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    10 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    5 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    14 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    17 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    7 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    6 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    18 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    6 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    17 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    15 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    14 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    16 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_10 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_15
External Data & Images
Linkouts
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal | recessive cu300.215 partially lethal - majority die | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 cuGD8898 partially lethal - majority die | recessive cu100.384 viable cu3 cu4 cu5 cud05983 Sterility Allele fertile cu3 cu4 cu5 Other Phenotypes Allele body color defective cu1 cu100.69 locomotor rhythm defective, with Scer\GAL4tim.PE cuNIG.31299R visible, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI cuGD8898 visible, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 cuGD8898 visible, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL cuGD8898 visible | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev cuGD8898 visible | recessive cu1 cu3 cu4 cu100.69 cu100.384 cu300.215 Phenotype manifest in Allele posterior scutellar bristle cu1 cu100.69 cu3 cu4 wing cu1 cu100.69 cu3 cu4 wing, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI cuGD8898 wing, with Scer\GAL4da.G32 cuGD8898 wing, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PL cuGD8898 wing | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev cuGD8898
Classical Alleles ( 14 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of cu Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion cu1 spontaneous 665 Yes cud05983 P-element activity 2 -- cuc00919 piggyBac transposase 1 -- cu100.384 X ray 0 -- cu100.69 X ray 0 -- cu2 X ray 0 Yes cu300.215 X ray 0 -- cu3 P-element activity 0 Yes cu4 P-element activity 0 Yes cu5 P-element activity 0 Yes cu5J X ray 0 -- cuFW ethyl nitrosourea 0 -- cuGE22476rv P-element activity 0 Yes cuunspecified 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of cu Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion cuGD8898 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 4 Yes cu+t12.2 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes cuKK102257 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes cuNIG.31299R in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - RNAi 0 Yes cuRC.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes cuRE.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes custop12.2 in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(3R)ED5506 (Cook, 2006.10.1) Df(3R)ED5511 (Roote, 2004.6.24) Df(3R)ED5514 (Cook, 2006.10.1, Roote, 2004.6.24) Df(3R)ED5518 (Cook, 2006.10.1, Roote, 2004.6.24) Df(3R)Exel6159 (Cook, 2006.10.1) Df(3R)M86D (California Institute of Technology, 1940, Clark, 1983, Ashburner et al., 1981, Grönke et al., 2009, Grönke et al., 2009) Df(3R)MS32 (Cook, 2006.10.1) T(1;3)cu100.69 (Ward and Alexander, 1957)
Not duplicated in	Dp(3;1)O5 (Oliver, 1937, ) Ts(YLt;3Lt)G42+Ts(YSt;3Rt)A109 (Clark, 1983) Ts(YLt;3Lt)R36+Ts(YSt;3Rt)A109 (Clark, 1983) Ts(YLt;3Rt)G8+Ts(YLt;3Lt)R36 (Clark, 1983) Ts(YSt;3Rt)G42+Ts(YLt;3Lt)R36 (Clark, 1983)
Not disrupted in	Df(3R)ED5506 (Roote, 2004.6.24) Df(3R)ED5516 (Roote, 2004.6.24) Ts(YLt;3Lt)G42+Ts(YSt;3Rt)R36 (Clark, 1983) Ts(YSt;3Lt)G8+Ts(YSt;3Rt)R36 (Clark, 1983)
Duplicated in	Ts(YLt;3Lt)A78+Ts(YSt;3Rt)A109 (Clark, 1983) Ts(YSt;3Lt)J141+Ts(YSt;3Rt)A109 (Clark, 1983) Ts(YSt;3Lt)J141+Ts(YSt;3Rt)R36 (Clark, 1983)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{KK102257} NA P{UAS-cu-RC.EGFP} NA P{UAS-cu-RE.EGFP} NA characterization construct P{cu+12.2} NA P{custop12.2} NA P{NIG.31299R} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{XP}cud05983 NA miscellaneous insertions P{?EP}cu3 NA PBac{PB}cuc00919 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 6 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
locomotor rhythm inferred from mutant phenotype (Nagoshi et al., 2010) nuclear-transcribed mRNA poly(A) tail shortening inferred from mutant phenotype (Temme et al., 2010) response to light stimulus inferred from mutant phenotype (Nagoshi et al., 2010)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
CCR4-NOT complex inferred from direct assay (Temme et al., 2010) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Grönke et al., 2009) lipid particle inferred from direct assay (Cermelli et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 0 terms )
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene   nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions cu allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0261808 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 41339
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (20) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG6TB4X3 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG612MDW Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG6RBPDZ Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6905R8 Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6QK4FH
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG6TB4X3)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\cu     Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF16737     Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA16160 Y
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG612MDW)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL007189   Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL001419   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP009893   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ801801
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG6RBPDZ)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI002680   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM563920   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC003159
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6905R8)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\HOXB6   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW023719
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6QK4FH)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_020125gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ccrn4la   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\ENSDARG00000078525   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\ccrn4l   Gallus gallus Domestic chicken  Ggal\CCRN4L   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Ccrn4l   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Ccrn4l   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\CCRN4L
Human Orthologs (1)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\CCRN4L
AAA Orthologs (1) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
Organism Gene Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura Dpse\GA16160
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 672 )
Bloomington	468 cu1 555 pp cu1 469 cu1 kar1 42251 cu1 chp2
Harvard	- P{XP}cud05983 - PBac{PB}cuc00919
Kyoto	105928 cu1 106435 by1 cu1
VDRC	v25176 w1118 P{GD8898}v25176 v45443 w1118 P{GD8898}v45443 v45441 w1118; P{GD8898}v45441 v45442 w1118; P{GD8898}v45442
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 1 )
	BACR48M21 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 35 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	GH03334 IP15605 RE65127
Other clones	MIP06315
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones	19505 43861 64813 72149 72872 75335 144369 180728 214307.33 272670 274290 EK160327 EK192926 EK201142 EK235658 EK250116 EK299621 EP09921 IP15704 IP15805 IP15905 RP003190083 RP003238280 RP003273087 RP003274751 RP003278236 RP003344143 RP003357053 RP003536246 RP003582467 RP003633525
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0261808 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 41339
Antibody Information
	monoclonal (Nagoshi et al., 2010)
Other Information
Discoverer
	Morgan, 15th Dec. 1915.
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: CG4796 nocturin (FlyBase, 1996-)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: cu nocturnin (Grönke et al., 2009) Source for merge of: nocturin CG4782 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
Additional comments	Annotations CG4782 and CG4796 merged as CG31299 in release 3 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003) Source for identity of CG4796 nocturin was sequence comparison (date:020814). (FlyBase, 1996-)
Other Comments
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_169374 NM_169375 NM_001104275 NM_001104276 NM_001104277 NM_001275542 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_731539 NP_731540 NP_001097745 NP_001097746 NP_001097747 NP_001262471 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AAF54600 AAF54601 AAK85704 AAT94521 ABW08639 ABW08640 ABW08641 AGB95853 AI063489 AY043266 BG632098 BI482432 BT015292 CZ466776 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 41339 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • A8JQX3 Q3ZAP4 Q6AWF6 Q8MTZ6
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase (IPR005135)
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0261808 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0261808 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0261808 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 41339 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 41339 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0261808
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 13 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	CG4782   CG4796 (Grönke et al., 2009) CG31299 (Cermelli et al., 2006, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5) cu (Kozeretska and Sereda, 2007, Takahashi and Ting, 2004, Grönke et al., 2009) no (Grönke et al., 2009) no(cu) (Grönke et al., 2009) noc (Nagoshi et al., 2010) noct (Temme et al., 2010) nocturnin (Cook, 2006.10.1, Cermelli et al., 2006, Gilchrist et al., 2008)
Name Synonym	curled (Kozeretska and Sereda, 2007, Takahashi and Ting, 2004, Grönke et al., 2009, Nagoshi et al., 2010, Temme et al., 2010) Dnocturnin (Morris et al., 2005) nocturin (Dupressoir, 2001.6.29, Giot et al., 2003, ) nocturnin (Grönke et al., 2009, Nagoshi et al., 2010) Nocturnin (Temme et al., 2010)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0000387 FBgn0037871 FBgn0037872 FBgn0051299
References ( 86 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 86 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 59 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Review  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 12 ) Abstract  ( 2 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Book  ( 3 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 1 )
	Ghabrial et al., 2011, PLoS Genet. 7(7): e1002087 A systematic screen for tube morphogenesis and branching genes in the Drosophila tracheal system. [FBrf0214368] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...