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Gene Dmel\whd

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\whd	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	withered	Annotation symbol	CG12891
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0261862
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	23 publicly available
Also Known As	CPTI
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2R	Recombination map	2-61
Cytogenetic map	47A9-47A11	Sequence location	2R:6,356,978..6,366,073 [-]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene withered is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\whd (CG12891, FBgn0261862). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. Based on sequence similarity, it is predicted to have molecular function: carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase activity. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: response to starvation; response to oxidative stress; response to metal ion. 36 alleles are reported. The phenotype of these alleles is annotated with: wing. It has 4 annotated transcripts and 4 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Acyltransferase ChoActase/COT/CPT. Gene sequence location is 2R:6356978..6366073.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	whd: withered Wings warped and waved or reduced to shrunken black pupal pads. Synthetic lethal in presence of su(r) (Strømen, 1974). RK2.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2011_10	Controlled Vocabulary Terms day 42 of adulthood day 41 of adulthood day 30 of adulthood day 49 of adulthood day 17 of adulthood day 45 of adulthood day 8 of adulthood day 26 of adulthood day 21 of adulthood day 13 of adulthood day 25 of adulthood day 20 of adulthood day 22 of adulthood day 39 of adulthood day 7 of adulthood day 36 of adulthood day 11 of adulthood day 37 of adulthood day 27 of adulthood day 18 of adulthood day 19 of adulthood day 28 of adulthood day 9 of adulthood day 29 of adulthood adult heart day 40 of adulthood day 16 of adulthood day 24 of adulthood day 15 of adulthood day 33 of adulthood day 43 of adulthood day 47 of adulthood day 38 of adulthood day 32 of adulthood day 48 of adulthood day 23 of adulthood day 35 of adulthood day 12 of adulthood day 10 of adulthood day 31 of adulthood day 34 of adulthood day 44 of adulthood day 14 of adulthood day 46 of adulthood
FB2012_01	Sequence features BKN21031 HFA07351
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 47A9-47A11   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Hr46k10308 and P{PZ}lola00349&P{EP}lolaEP952
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-61
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\whd for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) whd-RA FBtr0088307  NM_078961   2883   780 whd-RB FBtr0088308  NM_165777   2900   780 whd-RC FBtr0301281  NM_001169640   2889   782 whd-RD FBtr0301282  NM_001169641   2904   782
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein whd-PA   FBpp0087399   89.4   780   8.56     NP_523685   AAF58785 whd-PB   FBpp0087400   89.4   780   8.56     NP_724940   AAF58786 whd-PC   FBpp0290496   89.5   782   8.48     NP_001163111   ACZ94386 whd-PD   FBpp0290497   89.5   782   8.48     NP_001163112   ACZ94387
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Acyltransferase ChoActase/COT/CPT (IPR000542) MitoDrome - A database of annotated Dmel nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins • MTDROME12891
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA201857   AA202454   AA246272   AA264674   AA438947   AA440307   AA441641   AA536364   AA538628   AA541114   AA698204   AA698551   AA698606   AA698784   AA942279   AA942512   AA951286   AA951331   AE013599 AAF58785   AE013599 AAF58786   AE013599 ACZ94386   AE013599 ACZ94387   AI134998   AI135866   AI293914   AI402528   AI404807   AI404827   AI405915   AI455712   AI513065   AI517149   AI534607   AI546268   AJ010150 CAB52415   AW943099   BG637680   BG640778   BH759320   BH759321   BI162792   BI166096   BI166872   BI168782   BI170497   BI173497   BI227968   BI228497   BI230009   BI230050   BI230389   BI231287   BI232923   BI232996   BI235699   BI237011   BI238198   BI238860   BI239620   BI357391   BI358001   BI362897   BI363252   BI367008   BI368420   BI368616   BI371943   BI372593   BI373149   BI375141   BI376021   BI481752   BI482666   BI484260   BI485561   BI567780   BI570886   BI571160   BI571171   BI572254   BI572982   BI577203   BI580233   BI581448   BI581708   BI582215   BI588113   BI588907   BI590938   BI591884   BI592962   BI607079   BI607267   BI608626   BI608757   BI613247   BI614661   BI619294   BI620258   BI620779   BI630056   BI630863   BP547312   BP552298   BP559601   BT003548   BT010044 AAQ22513   BT120168   CA803299   CA803535   CK659070   CK659422   CO177136   CO181974   CO187902   CO190654   CO193361   CO282886   CO312614   CO313308   CO318613   CO324170   CO325376   CO327538   CO327989   CZ475477   CZ475795   CZ475796   CZ477226   CZ481992   EC069484   EC076200   EC080449   EC212035   EC213472   EC213840   EC223914   EC238852   EC241514   EC248675   EC251350   EC254535   EV586935   EV588009   EV590178   EV590794   EV590976   EV598184   GH739217   GH739633   GH740128   GH740516   GH742250   GH742567   GH742695   GH743411   GH743423   GH745635   GH746473   GH746876   GH761730   GH763536   GH763857   GH764422   GH764524   GH764637   GH764982   GH765566   GH766029   GH766894   GH767198   GH767623
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q9V3K9 Q7JQH9
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood   adult heart   (Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_09
External Data & Images
Linkouts
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele viable whd1 whd2 whd3 whd4 whd5 whd6 whd7 whd8 whd9 whd10 whd11 whd12 whd13 whd14 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 whdGD1917 Other Phenotypes Allele chemical sensitive whd1 whd2 whd5 whd8 whd9 whd12 radiation sensitive whd1 stress response defective whd2 whd3 whd5 whd6 whd8 whd9 visible (with whd1) whd2 whd3 whd4 whd5 whd6 whd7 whd8 whd9 whd10 whd11 whd12 whd13 whd14 visible (with whd2) whd1 visible (with whd3) whd1 visible (with whd4) whd1 visible (with whd5) whd1 visible (with whd6) whd1 visible (with whd7) whd1 visible (with whd8) whd1 visible (with whd9) whd1 visible (with whd10) whd1 visible (with whd11) whd1 visible (with whd12) whd1 visible (with whd13) whd1 visible (with whd14) whd1 visible | recessive whd1 whd2 whd3 whd4 whd5 whd6 whd7 whd8 whd9 whd10 whd11 whd12 whd13 whd14 Phenotype manifest in Allele wing whd1 whd2 whd3 whd4 whd5 whd6 whd7 whd8 whd9 whd10 whd11 whd12 whd13 whd14 wing (with whd1) whd2 whd3 whd4 whd5 whd6 whd7 whd8 whd9 whd10 whd11 whd12 whd13 whd14 wing (with whd2) whd1 wing (with whd3) whd1 wing (with whd4) whd1 wing (with whd5) whd1 wing (with whd6) whd1 wing (with whd7) whd1 wing (with whd8) whd1 wing (with whd9) whd1 wing (with whd10) whd1 wing (with whd11) whd1 wing (with whd12) whd1 wing (with whd13) whd1 wing (with whd14) whd1
Classical Alleles ( 32 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of whd Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion whd1 spontaneous 3 Yes whd5-HA-1287 1 -- whd5-HA-3096 1 -- whdCB-0496-3 1 -- whdCB-6742-3 1 -- whdd03587 1 -- whdd07538 P-element activity 1 -- whde04247 piggyBac transposase 1 -- whdEY07800 P-element activity 1 -- whdEY20655 P-element activity 1 -- whdKG01596 P-element activity 1 -- whdNP2610-3-1 1 -- whdNP3533 1 -- whdNP5262 1 -- whdNP7362 1 -- whdNP7382 1 -- whd10 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes whd11 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes whd12 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes whd13 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- whd14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes whd2 X ray 0 Yes whd3 X ray 0 Yes whd4 X ray 0 Yes whd5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- whd6 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes whd76 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- whd7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- whd8 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes whd9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes whdd07001 P-element activity 0 -- whdd10342 P-element activity 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 4 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of whd Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion whdGD1917 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 2 Yes whdHMS00033 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes whdHMS00040 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes whdKK100935 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Not disrupted in	Df(2R)E3363 (Strub et al., 2008) Df(2R)en-A (Chase and Baker, 1995) Df(2R)en-B (Chase and Baker, 1995) Df(2R)X1 (Strub et al., 2008)
Disrupted in	Df(2R)12 (Strub et al., 2008) Df(2R)stan1 (Strub et al., 2008) Df(2R)stan2 (Strub et al., 2008)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{TRiP.HMS00033} NA P{TRiP.HMS00040} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EPgy2}whdEY07800 NA P{EPgy2}whdEY20655 NA P{XP}whdd03587 NA P{XP}whdd07001 NA P{XP}whdd07538 NA P{XP}whdd10342 NA miscellaneous insertions P{RS3}whdCB-0496-3 NA P{RS3}whdCB-6742-3 NA P{RS5}whd5-HA-1287 NA P{RS5}whd5-HA-3096 NA P{SUPor-P}whdKG01596 NA PBac{RB}whde04247 NA insertion of enhancer trap binary system P{GawB}whdNP2610-3-1 No P{GawB}whdNP3533 No P{GawB}whdNP5262 No P{GawB}whdNP7362 No P{GawB}whdNP7382 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 5 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 terms )
Molecular Function ( 0 terms)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
response to metal ion inferred from mutant phenotype (Strub et al., 2008) response to oxidative stress inferred from mutant phenotype (Strub et al., 2008) response to starvation inferred from mutant phenotype (Strub et al., 2008)
Cellular Component ( 0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 2 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase activity inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:U88294 (FlyBase, 1992-) non-traceable author statement (Price, 1998.8.7)
Biological Process ( 0 terms)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
mitochondrion inferred from sequence or structural similarity with EMBL:U88294 (FlyBase, 1992-)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene   nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions whd allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0261862 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 36109
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dana\GF11106 Dere\GG22743 Dgri\GH20631 Dmoj\GI20192 Dper\GL17200 Dpse\GA11884 Dsec\GM20519 Dsim\GD25979 Dvir\GJ20140 Dwil\GK10678 Dyak\GE13102
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA11884
Linkouts	OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB15004 NV13327 LH10209 ISCW018288 FBgn0230804 FBgn0212691 FBgn0207280 FBgn0197256 FBgn0175401 JGI_V11_57941 FBgn0071933 FBgn0154803 FBgn0142928 FBgn0128094 FBgn0114908 FBgn0088146 CPIJ005612 BGIBMGA013317 ACYPI005329 GB18503 AGAP010164 AAEL005458 PHUM022280 GLEAN_02462
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 23 )
Bloomington	441 whd1
Harvard	- P{XP}whdd03587 - P{XP}whdd07538 - PBac{RB}whde04247
Kyoto	113330 w*; P{GawB}whdNP3533 123205 w1118; P{RS3}whdCB-0496-3 124202 w1118; P{RS3}whdCB-6742-3 125189 w1118; P{RS5}whd5-HA-1287 125798 w1118; P{RS5}whd5-HA-3096
VDRC	v105400 P{KK100935}VIE-260B v4046 w1118; P{GD1917}v4046 v4047 w1118; P{GD1917}v4047
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR16P22 BACR20O22 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 157 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD31742 RE02263
Other clones	MIP15836
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH12607 GH13768 GH21765 GH24645 GH24665 GH26068 GH27794 HL03937 HL05323 HL05681 LD02181 LD03774 LD05141 LD08330 LD13347 LD15235 LD16640 LD16943 LD18204 LD20927 LD26387 LD26769 LD31672 LD35359 LD45287 LD47796 LP07173 LP16534 LP17172 RE02026 RE06123 RE07112 RE09646 RE10188 RE11970 RE16428 RE20735 RE25361 RE27925 RE27976 RE29073 RE29258 RE31615 RE33153 RE34592 RE36164 RE43862 RE44647 RE47578 RE48020 RE52670 RE54386 RE54619 RE58977 RE59592 RE60371 RE62878 RE63941 RE64353 RE65383 RE67334 RE68918 RE70855 RE74387 RH04633 RH05672 RH05984 RH05996 RH07692 RH07730 RH08559 RH10795 RH13206 RH13448 RH18902 RH19245 RH20172 RH29179 RH30365 RH38361 RH42359 RH44105 RH50304 RH51343 RH51993 RH59018 RH60201 RH74069 RH74290 SD07517 SD11925
Other clones	64581 69279 99661 101609 104990 109119 172799 214565.34 283569 CK01.32B.E1 CK01.60D.F6 CK01.66C.D11 Dmel_neb_005296_0422_3535 Dmel_neb_009749_0831_1191 Dmel_neb_010168_0340_0621 Dmel_neb_011800_0179_0833 Dmel_neb_013736_0096_0534 Dmel_neb_015572_0445_2576 EC18058 EC35658 EK034739 EK048942 EK052614 EK161705 EK192864 EK196343 EK229518 EK232105 EK273215 EP07444 EP08402 ESG011c.E7_A07 ESG011c.E21_A07 FGH115F06 FGM218A01 FGM321H01 HL04913 RE26055 RE41954 RP001009191 RP001010861 RP001011237 RP001011612 RP001012080 RP001012813 RP001015689 RP001016410 RP001016445 RP001016859 RP001018234 RP001021875 RP001023156 RP001028091 RP001031421 RP001031999 RP001036247 RP001040514 RP001043671 RP001046688 RP001046865 RP001048669 RP001050583 RP001053832
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0261862 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 36109 249885
Antibody Information
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: CPTI BEST:GH27794 (FlyBase, 1996-) Source for merge of: whd CPTI (Strub et al., 2008)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) down-regulates a distinct splice isoform(s) of this gene. (Hansen et al., 2009) Transcriptionally downregulated after 2h of insulin stimulation in Kc167 cells. Contains fkh response elements (FHREs) in the genomic upstream or intronic sequences. (Junger et al., 2003)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_078961 NM_165777 NM_001169640 NM_001169641 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_523685 NP_724940 NP_001163111 NP_001163112 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA441641 AA951331 AAF58785 AAF58786 AAQ22513 ACZ94386 ACZ94387 AI517149 AJ010150 AW943099 BH759320 BH759321 BT010044 CAB52415 CZ475477 CZ475795 CZ475796 CZ477226 CZ481992 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 36109 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q7JQH9 Q9V3K9
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Acyltransferase ChoActase/COT/CPT (IPR000542) MitoDrome - A database of annotated Dmel nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins • MTDROME12891
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0261862 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0261862 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0261862 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 36109 249885 InterologFinder Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets. • 36109 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0261862 OrthoDB (Arthropod subset) The hierarchical catalog of eukaryotic orthologs. • PB15004 NV13327 LH10209 ISCW018288 FBgn0230804 FBgn0212691 FBgn0207280 FBgn0197256 FBgn0175401 JGI_V11_57941 FBgn0071933 FBgn0154803 FBgn0142928 FBgn0128094 FBgn0114908 FBgn0088146 CPIJ005612 BGIBMGA013317 ACYPI005329 GB18503 AGAP010164 AAEL005458 PHUM022280 GLEAN_02462
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 11 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	BEST:GH27794   CG12891 (Strub et al., 2008, Hansen et al., 2009, Teleman et al., 2008, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Philipps et al., 2004, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Cammarato et al., 2011) CPT1 (Price et al., 2010) CPTI (Strub et al., 2008, Claussen et al., 2006, Palanker et al., 2009, Hansen et al., 2009, Teleman et al., 2008, Liu and Lehmann, 2008, Philipps et al., 2004, Maynard et al., 2010) gh27794 (Zou et al., 2000) whd (Strub et al., 2008, )
Name Synonym	carnitine-O-palmitoyltransferase (Gronke et al., 2005) carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (Price et al., 2010) mitochondrial carnitine palamitoyltransferase I (Maynard et al., 2010) mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (Cammarato et al., 2011) withered (Strub et al., 2008)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0004012 FBgn0027842 FBgn0043803
References ( 39 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 39 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 17 ) Supplementary material  ( 4 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 7 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 3 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Book  ( 2 ) Computer file  ( 3 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 2 )
	Maynard et al., 2010, Dev. Biol. 339(2): 295--306 Gp93, the Drosophila GRP94 ortholog, is required for gut epithelial homeostasis and nutrient assimilation-coupled growth control. [FBrf0210107] Price et al., 2010, J. Biol. Chem. 285(11): 7857--7865 Alternative Exon Usage in the Single CPT1 Gene of Drosophila Generates Functional Diversity in the Kinetic Properties of the Enzyme: DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF ALTERNATIVELY SPLICED VARIANTS IN DROSOPHILA TISSUES. [FBrf0210167] Show all research papers ...