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Gene Dmel\vas

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\vas	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	vasa	Annotation symbol	CG43081
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0262526
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	22 publicly available
Also Known As	Vasa, CG3506, BG:DS00929.15, BG:DS00929.14, cgt
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map
Cytogenetic map	35C1-35C1	Sequence location	2L:15,061,656..15,074,311 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents modENCODE GBrowse	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene vasa is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\vas (CG43081, FBgn0262526). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding; mRNA 3'-UTR binding; RNA binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: mitotic chromosome condensation; meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric; positive regulation of translation; oogenesis; pole plasm assembly; dorsal appendage formation; pole plasm RNA localization; germarium-derived egg chamber formation. 92 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: multicellular structure; anatomical structure; organ system; abdominal segment; portion of tissue; acellular anatomical structure; oocyte nucleus; embryonic abdominal segment 1; extended germ band embryo; nuclear part; cytoplasmic part; abdominal segment 10; stage S9 oocyte; karyosome. It has 2 annotated transcripts and 2 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: DEAD-like helicase; DNA/RNA helicase, DEAD/DEAH box type, N-terminal; Helicase, C-terminal; RNA helicase, ATP-dependent, DEAD-box, conserved site; RNA helicase, DEAD-box type, Q motif. Gene sequence location is 2L:15061656..15074311.
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	vas: vasa (T. Schupbach) exhibit a so-called "grandchildless-knirps" phenotype: all eggs lack polar granules and no pole cells are formed; most of the embyros show large deletions of abdominal segments, whereby anterior parts of segment A1 become fused to posterior parts of segment A8. Telson elements are always present and relatively normal. Eggs have abnormal shape. Analysis of germline clones indicates that the mutation is germline autonomous (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1986, Dev. Biol. 113: 443-448). Homozygous vasa males cannot be distinguished from wild-type males in viability and fertility.
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
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FB2011_10	References Kibanov et al., 2011, Mol. Biol. Cell 22(18): 3410--3419
FB2012_01	Sequence features BKN21025 BKN23218 References Richter et al., 2011, Nat. Cell Biol. 13(9): 1029--1039 Lancaster et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(10): e1001179 Parrott et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(9): e25087 Filippakopoulos et al., 2010, J. Mol. Biol. 401(3): 389--402 Zamparini et al., 2011, Development 138(18): 4039--4050 Renault et al., 2010, Development 137(11): 1815--1823 McElwain et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(11): e26993 Monk et al., 2010, Cell Stem Cell 6(4): 348--360 Anne, 2010, PLoS ONE 5(12): e14362 Zhang et al., 2011, Mol. Cell 44(4): 572--584
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 35C1-35C1   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Su(H)k07904 and P{EP}vigEP812&P{PZ}stc05441
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References 35B10-35C1   (determined by in situ hybridisation) 35C1--3 (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Ashburner et al., 1999) 35B-35B   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Spradling et al., 1999) 35C-35C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) 35C-35C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988) 35C-35C   (determined by in situ hybridisation)   (Hay et al., 1988) 35B-35B     (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-51 (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) 2- (Lemaitre et al., 1993)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes	cgt is genetically inseparable from vas. (Roote, 1998.3.6)
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\vas for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene merge based on EST/cDNA data. EST data suggest alternative transcripts with additional internal exons; inconclusive.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) vas-RA FBtr0304854     2285   661 vas-RB FBtr0304855     3337   1031
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)	4, 3 (northern blot); 2.0 (unknown) (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988) 2.2 (compiled cDNA) (Hay et al., 1988)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein vas-PA   FBpp0293394   72.3   661   5.34       vas-PB   FBpp0293395   112.5   1031   5.66
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)	660 (aa); 72 (kD) (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988) 648 (aa); 72 (kD) (Hay et al., 1988)
Comments	vas protein may be an ATP-dependent nucleic acid helicase. (Hay et al., 1988)
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • RNA helicase, ATP-dependent, DEAD-box, conserved site (IPR000629) Helicase, C-terminal (IPR001650) DNA/RNA helicase, DEAD/DEAH box type, N-terminal (IPR011545) DEAD-like helicase (IPR014001) RNA helicase, DEAD-box type, Q motif (IPR014014)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA246989   AA392889   AA536466   AC093101   AE003412 AAF44917   AE003412 AAF44919   AQ025823   AQ026507   AY084126 AAL89864   BE976661   BF500608   BF506083   BI214636   BI351914   BI354168   BI614204   BP541354   BP544628   BP544629   BP559179   BT099809   CL525962   CO315396   CO321811   CO329951   CZ473730   CZ476216   CZ476907   CZ476908   EC051634   EC052648   EC054637   EC055662   EC062856   EC077823   EC198329   EC204902   EC227064   EC255786   EC259381   EV575025   EV576135   EV578347   EV584581   EV586626   EV588319   EV593591   EV594553   EV600607   GH757740   GH772254   GH774748   GH775481   GH777121   GH778087   GH788534   GH789253   GH795353   GH799659   GH805570   GH809690   GH811211   GH813713   GH814270   GH814793   GH816510   GH817144   GH819913   GH822581   GH824174   GH825759   GH828674   GH846066   GH847937   GH852188   GH853907   GH857851   GH865417   GH873749   GH880699   GH880822   GH889552   GH889826   GH901955   GH903548   GH904900   GH906145   GH906777   GH919560   GH920062   GH931089   GO271120   GO271196   M23560 AAA29013   X12945 CAA31405   X12946 CAA31405
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot	B6JUP5 P09052
UniProtKB/TrEMBL
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early     (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988) adult stage & oogenesis   nurse cell   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988) in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage & oogenesis   oocyte   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988) oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988) northern blot Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early     (Hay et al., 1988) embryonic stage 12 -- 17   pole cell   (Hay et al., 1988) first instar larval stage   pole cell   (Hay et al., 1988) adult stage | female     (Hay et al., 1988) adult stage & oogenesis   germarium   (Hay et al., 1988) nurse cell   (Hay et al., 1988) oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Hay et al., 1988) spermatogenesis & adult stage   spermatocyte   (Hay et al., 1988) male germline stem cell   (Hay et al., 1988) RT-PCR Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference adult stage | female   ovary   (Song et al., 2004) female germline stem cell   (Song et al., 2004) adult stage | male   testis   (Kawase et al., 2004) male germline stem cell   (Kawase et al., 2004)
Additional Descriptive Data
	vas expression is observed in male germ cells. (Kawase et al., 2004) vas expression is observed in female germ cells. (Song et al., 2004)
Marker for
	male germline stem cell female germline stem cell
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Notes
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early   pole granule   (Breitwieser et al., 1996) oogenesis & pupal stage   oogonial cell   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) adult stage | female   oocyte   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) adult stage & oogenesis   oocyte   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) adult stage & oogenesis stage S10   oocyte | posterior   (Breitwieser et al., 1996) spermatogenesis & adult stage   testis   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) immunolocalization Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage | early     (Raff et al., 1990) pole granule   (Hay et al., 1990) embryonic stage   germline cell   (Deshpande et al., 2004) cleavage stage   organism   • pole plasm (Nakao et al., 2006) Comment:Probed with antibody to Bombyx vas. embryonic stage 1 -- 2   organism | 0-10% egg length   (Polesello et al., 2002) Comment:posterior pole blastoderm stage   pole cell   (Nakao et al., 2006) Comment:Probed with antibody to Bombyx vas. embryonic stage 4 -- 10   pole cell   (Deshpande et al., 2004) embryonic stage 5   pole cell   (Starz-Gaiano and Lehmann, 2001) embryonic stage 5 -- 14   germline stem cell   (Starz-Gaiano and Lehmann, 2001) pole cell   (Robertson et al., 1999) embryonic stage 11 -- 13   germline stem cell   (Starz-Gaiano et al., 2001) germline cell   (Arrizabalaga and Lehmann, 1999) embryonic stage 12   germline stem cell   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) embryonic stage 12 -- 13   pole cell   (Cumberledge et al., 1992) embryonic stage 12 -- 17   pole cell   (Hay et al., 1988) prepupal stage   germline cell   (Gilboa and Lehmann, 2004) adult stage   stage S10 oocyte   • cytoplasm | posterior (Styhler et al., 2002) germarium & nurse cell   • perinuclear region of cytoplasm (Styhler et al., 2002) adult stage | female   female germline stem cell   (Song et al., 2004) adult stage & oogenesis   nurse cell   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990, Hay et al., 1988) germarium   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) female germline stem cell   (Hay et al., 1988) egg chamber   (Hay et al., 1990) oocyte | posterior   (Hay et al., 1988) oogenesis & adult stage | female   ovary   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) adult stage | femaleoogenesis stage S6 -- oogenesis stage S9   oocyte   • perinuclear region of cytoplasm (Styhler et al., 2002) adult stage | femaleoogenesis stage S11 -- S14   oocyte   • perinuclear region of cytoplasm (Styhler et al., 2002) spermatogenesis & adult stage   cyst cell   (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) male germline stem cell   (Hay et al., 1988)
Additional Descriptive Data
	vas protein is cytoplasmic within pole cells. In some cell types in ovaries and testes, vas protein distribution is perinuclear. (Breitwieser et al., 1996, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) vas protein is concentrated in the form of polar granules at the posterior pole in early embryos. A low level of staining is also seen throughout the embryo during cleavage stages. vas protein is also present in egg chambers. Protein expression in mutants of vas, stau, osk, tud, vls, and BicD were studied. (Hay et al., 1990) The vas protein is expressed in germ cells at the larva/pupa transition, 108 hrs AEL. (Gilboa and Lehmann, 2004) vas protein in both late-stage oocytes and in early embryos is localized to the posterior pole, and thus differs from the uniform distribution of vas transcript at the same stage. In addition to late-stage oocytes, the vas protein is found in germline stem cells and nurse cells of ovaries. In adult males, the vas protein is present in male germline stem cells during early spermatogenesis. (Hay et al., 1988) germline cell (Deshpande et al., 2004) vas protein is detected in larval and pupal ovaries in the oogonial cells and their precursors. It is abundant in the germaria of adult ovaries and is also abundant in the pronurse cell nuclei in early stages of oogenesis. vas protein is transported to the oocyte starting in stage 8 and is concentrated at the posterior pole, although it is detectable at lower levels throughout the oocyte. vas protein is also detected in males in the larval spermatogonial cells and in cyst cells of the adult testis. In early cleavage stage embryos, a shallow posterior-anterior gradient of vas protein is seen with the highest concentration at the posterior pole. Later the pole cells stain heavily and the pole cell and subsequent gonadal expression persists throughout embryogenesis. In ovaries lacking tud, vls, nos, and pum, vas protein localizes to the posterior pole of the oocyte normally but in ovaries lacking osk and stau, vas protein fails to distribute asymmetrically. BicC mutations affect vas protein distribution while BicD mutations do not. capu and spir abolish localization of vas protein to pole cells. vas protein is detected in ovaries of egl, mus301, qua, Bic-F, mr, Fs(2)Y12, and vss mutant females. (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) vas protein is located at the posterior pole of early embryos. This posterior localization is abolished in mutants of stau, vas, spir, capu, and osk. Posterior localization of vas protein is less striking in tud and vls mutants than in wild type embryos and indistinguishable from wild type in nos and pum mutants. (Raff et al., 1990)
Marker for
	germ cell female germline stem cell germline cell pole cell germ cell
Subcellular Localization
CV Term	cytoplasm perinuclear space (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)
Notes
High-Throughput Expression Data
or
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes. modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011) FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
Expression Clusters
External Data & Images
Linkouts
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal vas1 lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect vasPH165 lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | partially vasPH165 lethal | embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive vasunspecified lethal | maternal effect vasunspecified lethal | maternal effect | recessive vas1 vas3 vas4 vas6 vas7 vasD5 lethal | maternal effect | recessive | heat sensitive vas5 viable vasETo14 vasEY07816 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 vasGD1556 vasGD16098 Sterility Allele female semi-sterile | recessive vask07233 female sterile vas1 vasAQB3 vasBC69 vasHE1 vasPW72 vasQS17 vasRG53 vasRJ36 female sterile | maternal effect vas1 vas3 female sterile | recessive vas3 vas00424 vas6356-001 vas6356-005 vask07233 vasLYG2 vasRJ36 vasunspecified female sterile | recessive, with Scer\GAL4[-]: vasEP812 fertile vasEY07816 grandchildless | recessive vasunspecified male sterile | maternal effect vas1 vas3 sterile vasETo14 Other Phenotypes Allele meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with Df(2L)A267) vassolo-Z2-0198 vassolo-Z2-0338 vassolo-Z2-3534 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with vassolo-Z2-0198) vassolo-Z2-3534 meiotic cell cycle defective | male (with vassolo-Z2-3534) vassolo-Z2-0198 mitotic cell cycle defective | female (with Df(2L)BSC299) vasPH165 non-enhancer of variegation vasAS non-suppressor of variegation vasAS wild-type vasT:Avic\GFP vasαTub67C.T:Avic\GFP Phenotype manifest in Allele abdominal segment vas1 chorion | maternal effect (with vasPH165) vasRG53 chorion | maternal effect (with vasRG53) vasPH165 cystoblast (with Df(2L)BSC299) vasPH165 cystocyte vasPH165 dorsal appendage vasPH165 vas6356-001 vas15 egg vasunspecified vas6 vas7 vasPH165 vas6356-001 vas3 vas15 egg chamber vas6 vas7 vasPH165 vas15 egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 vasR551A.Scer\UAS.P\T vasD554A.Scer\UAS.P\T vasQ525A.Scer\UAS.P\T embryonic abdominal segment vas1 vas3 embryonic abdominal segment 1 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 2 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 3 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 4 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 5 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 6 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 7 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 8 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 9 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 10 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment 11 vasunspecified embryonic abdominal segment | maternal effect vasunspecified female germline stem cell vasPH165 female germline stem cell (with Df(2L)BSC299) vasPH165 follicle cell vas7 germarium region 1 vasPH165 germline cyst vasPH165 karyosome vasunspecified vas7 micropyle vas6 vas7 vasPH165 vas15 micropyle | ectopic vasPH165 nurse cell vasPH165 oocyte vas7 vasPH165 vas15 oocyte nucleus vasPH165 ovary vas7 vasPH165 vas15 P granule vasAS pole cell vasunspecified vas1 pole cell | maternal effect vasunspecified vasPH165 pole granule | maternal effect vasunspecified pole plasm vasunspecified spermatocyte vasAS stage S6 oocyte vasPH165 stage S9 oocyte vasPH165 stage S10 oocyte vasPH165 synaptonemal complex vasPH165
Classical Alleles ( 45 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of vas Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion vas1 ethyl methanesulfonate 7 Yes vasKG01651 2 -- vasRJ36 ethyl methanesulfonate 2 -- vasd04088 P-element activity 1 -- vasd09727 P-element activity 1 -- vasEY07816 P-element activity 1 Yes vasMB11697 1 -- vasUM-8145-3 1 -- vasP808 amorphic allele - genetic evidence PM hybrid dysgenesis 0 Yes vassolo-Z2-0198 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vassolo-Z2-0338 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vassolo-Z2-3534 amorphic allele - genetic evidence ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas00424 P-element activity 0 -- vas15 P-element activity 0 Yes vas2 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- vas3 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas3F 0 Yes vas4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas4C 0 Yes vas5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas6356-001 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas6356-005 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas6 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas7 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vas88c25 0 -- vasAQB3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- vasAS 0 Yes vasBC69 P-element activity 0 -- vasC92 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- vasd08408 P-element activity 0 -- vasD5 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vasEP812 P-element activity 0 Yes vasETo14 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- vasG89 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- vasHE1 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vask07233 P-element activity 0 Yes vasKD 0 -- vasLYG2 hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence P-element activity 0 Yes vasM13 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- vasNP4680 0 -- vasPH165 Delta2-3 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vasPW72 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vasQS17 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vasRG53 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes vasunspecified ethyl methanesulfonate 0 --
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 47 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of vas Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion vasGD1556 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes vasGD16098 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes vasHM05239 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes vasHMS00373 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes vasHMS00431 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes vasKK100929 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes vasC.solo.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-YFP.Venus 0 Yes vasD554A.Scer\UAS.P\T antimorphic allele - genetic evidence in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes vasdel.10.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.11.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.12.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.13.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.14.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.15.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.16.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.17.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.18.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.19.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.2.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.20.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.21.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.22.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes vasdel.23.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes vasdel.3.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.4.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.5.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.6.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.7.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.8.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP,T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasdel.9.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasN.solo.Scer\UAS.P\T.T:Avic\GFP-YFP.Venus 0 Yes vasQ525A.Scer\UAS.P\T antimorphic allele - genetic evidence in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes vasR551A.Scer\UAS.P\T antimorphic allele - genetic evidence in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - amino acid replacement 0 Yes vasScer\UAS.P\T.cSa in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes vassolo.T:Avic\GFP-YFP.Venus 0 Yes vasT:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes vasT:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes vasT:Disc\RFP-mCherry,T:Ivir\HA1 in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes vasT:Ivir\HA1,T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes vasT:Ivir\HA1,T:Ecol\lacZ in vitro construct 0 Yes vasαTub67C.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes vasΔ-96-65.T:Ivir\HA1,T:Ecol\lacZ in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasΔ30.T:Avic\GFP in vitro construct - deletion 0 Yes vasΔ616-618.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes vasΔ616.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes vasΔ617.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes vasΔ618.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP in vitro construct - site directed mutagenesis 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2L)A48 (Tinker et al., 1998, Cai et al., 2001) Df(2L)A72 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)A263 (Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)A267 (Roote et al., 1996, Tomancak et al., 1998, Van Doren et al., 1998, Cai et al., 2001, Tinker et al., 1998, Lasko and Ashburner, 1988, Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)b80e4 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)b84h50 (Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)b87e25 (Roote, 1995.3.27, Iyengar et al., 1999, Tinker et al., 1998, Roote, 1996.8, Ashraf et al., 1999) Df(2L)b89e80a (Roote, 2000.6.5, Roote, 2000.7.3) Df(2L)BSC254 (Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22) Df(2L)BSC299 (Christensen and Cook, 2007.5.8) Df(2L)el20 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)el28 (Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)Exel7062 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)fn5 (Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)fn26 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)fn27 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)n78l3 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)noc11 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)osp29 (Cai et al., 2001, Furukawa et al., 1992, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1986, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991) Df(2L)osp38 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)PZ07130-mr2 (Roote, 2000.6.13) Df(2L)PZ07130-mr7 (Roote, 2000.6.13) Df(2L)Sco7 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35B-5 (Lasko and Ashburner, 1988, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) Df(2L)TE35BC-3 (Ashburner et al., 1990, Cai et al., 2001) Df(2L)TE35BC-4 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35BC-29 (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990, Van Doren et al., 1998) Df(2L)TE35BC-34 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-16 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-18 (Furukawa et al., 1992, Tinker et al., 1998, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-20 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-23 (Ashburner et al., 1990) In(2L)75c (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991, Spradling et al., 1999, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1986) In(2L)el18 (Ashburner et al., 1990) In(2LR)noc4LScorv9R (Cai et al., 2001) T(2;3)TE35B-5 (Roote et al., 1996, ) Tp(2;2)A446 (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)64j (Furukawa et al., 1992, Roote, 2000.7.3, Tinker et al., 1998, Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)A48 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)ARR1 (Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)b84a2 (Tinker et al., 1998) Df(2L)b84a3 (Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)b84a7 (Furukawa et al., 1992, Tinker et al., 1998) Df(2L)b88c75 (Tinker et al., 1998) Df(2L)fn12 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)H20 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)k05007-mr19 (Roote, 2000.6.13) Df(2L)k09033-mr19 (Roote, 2000.6.13) Df(2L)osp29 (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) Df(2L)r10 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)RA5 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)rd9 (Ashburner et al., 1990, Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)RM5 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)RN2 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)Scorv16 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)Scorv18 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)Scorv19 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)Scorv25 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)SS1 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35BC-7 (Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)TE35BC-28 (Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)TE35D-1 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-2 (Ashburner et al., 1990, Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)TE35D-3 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-4 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-6 (Ashburner et al., 1990, Furukawa et al., 1992) Df(2L)TE35D-13 (Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-14 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-15 (Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-19 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-21 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Df(2L)TE35D-22 (Ashburner et al., 1990, Cai et al., 2001) In(2L)75c (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999) In(2L)b82a1 (Tinker et al., 1998) In(2L)dpps22Ldppd36R (Ashburner et al., 1990) In(2LR)Scorv1-DV7 (Ashburner et al., 1990) T(2;3)Scorv7 (Ashburner et al., 1990)
Partially disrupted in	Df(2L)64j (Ashburner et al., 1999)
Duplicated in	Dp(2;1)Scorv23 (Ashburner et al., 1990) Dp(2;2)GYL (Ashburner et al., 1990) Dp(2;2)TE35B-54L (Ashburner et al., 1990) Dp(2;3)osp3 (Ashburner et al., 1990) In(2L)C163.41LC158R (Ashburner et al., 1990) In(2L)Scorv17LC158R (Ashburner et al., 1990)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{GD1556} NA P{KK100929} NA P{TRiP.HM05239} NA P{TRiP.HMS00373} NA P{TRiP.HMS00431} NA P{UASp-solo-Venus} NA P{UASp-vas.D554A} NA P{UASp-vas.Q525A} NA P{UASp-vas.R551A} NA P{UASp-vas.S} NA P{UASp-Venus-solo} NA reporter construct P{vas.LacZ.HA} No P{vas.Δ-96-65.LacZ.HA} No P{vas-lacZ.8F} No P{vas-lacZ.8R} No characterization construct M{vas-int.B} NA M{vas-int.NLS} NA P{GFP-Vas} NA P{Pvas-mCherry:HA-vas} NA P{UPS-solo-Venus} NA P{vas.2.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.3.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.4.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.5.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.6.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.7.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.8.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.9.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.10.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.11.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.12.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.13.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.14.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.15.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.16.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.17.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.18.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.19.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.20.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.21.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.22.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.23.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.Δ.T:GFP} NA P{vas.EGFP.HA} NA P{vas.Δ616-618.EGFP} NA P{vas.Δ616.EGFP} NA P{vas.Δ617.EGFP} NA P{vas.Δ618.EGFP} NA P{vasT:GFP} NA P{vas-EGFP.N} NA P{vas-SCEI.HEG-2} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of mobile activating element P{EP}vigEP812 NA P{EPgy2}vigEY07816 NA P{XP}vasd04088 NA P{XP}vasd08408 NA P{XP}vasd09727 NA miscellaneous insertions P{}vasP808 NA P{RS3}vasUM-8145-3 NA P{SUPor-P}vasKG01651 NA PBac{3HPy+}vigC274 NA insertion of enhancer trap P{A92}vasBC69 No P{lacW}l(2)SH0911SH0911 No P{lacW}vas15 No P{lacW}vask07233 No P{lacZ}vasunspecified No P{PZ}vas00424 No P{PZ}vasLYG2 No insertion of enhancer trap binary system Mi{ET1}vasMB11697 No P{GawB}vasNP4680 No
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 29 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 15 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
mRNA 3'-UTR binding inferred from direct assay (Liu et al., 2009) protein binding inferred from physical interaction with Dcr-1 (Megosh et al., 2006) inferred from physical interaction with Fmr1 (Megosh et al., 2006) inferred from physical interaction with gus (Woo et al., 2006) inferred from physical interaction with piwi (Megosh et al., 2006) RNA binding inferred from direct assay (Sengoku et al., 2006)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
dorsal appendage formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991) germarium-derived egg chamber formation inferred from mutant phenotype (Sengoku et al., 2006) meiotic sister chromatid cohesion, centromeric inferred from mutant phenotype (Yan et al., 2010) mitotic chromosome condensation inferred from mutant phenotype (Pek and Kai, 2011) oogenesis inferred from mutant phenotype (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991) pole plasm assembly inferred from mutant phenotype (Raff et al., 1990) pole plasm RNA localization inferred from mutant phenotype (Raff et al., 1990) positive regulation of translation inferred from mutant phenotype (Liu et al., 2009)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
chromosome, centromeric region inferred from direct assay (Yan et al., 2010) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) perinuclear region of cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) P granule inferred from direct assay (Breitwieser et al., 1996)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 18 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
ATP binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000629, InterPro:IPR001650, InterPro:IPR011545 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) ATP-dependent helicase activity inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000629, InterPro:IPR011545 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-) non-traceable author statement (Swiss-Prot Project Members, 1988.11.1) RNA helicase activity traceable author statement (Cooperstock and Lipshitz, 1997, van Eeden and St. Johnston, 1999, Mahowald, 2001)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
germarium-derived oocyte fate determination traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) germ-line cyst formation traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) intracellular mRNA localization traceable author statement (Cooperstock and Lipshitz, 1997, Wylie, 1999) karyosome formation non-traceable author statement (Johnstone and Lasko, 2001) mRNA polyadenylation traceable author statement (Deng and Lin, 2001) oocyte anterior/posterior axis specification non-traceable author statement (Martin-Blanco, 2000) oogenesis traceable author statement (van Eeden and St. Johnston, 1999) pole cell fate determination non-traceable author statement (FlyBase, 1992-) pole plasm assembly traceable author statement (Breitwieser et al., 1996, Grau and Gutzeit, 1990, Williamson and Lehmann, 1996, Mahowald, 2001) positive regulation of oskar mRNA translation non-traceable author statement (Mahowald, 2001, Leatherman and Jongens, 2003) positive regulation of translation traceable author statement (Mahowald, 2001) regulation of oskar mRNA translation traceable author statement (van Eeden and St. Johnston, 1999, Deng and Lin, 2001) regulation of translation traceable author statement (Cooperstock and Lipshitz, 1997)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
P granule traceable author statement (Raff et al., 1990, Williamson and Lehmann, 1996, Mahowald, 2001) pole plasm traceable author statement (Grau and Gutzeit, 1990)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
Protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions vas allele Gene References vas1 nos (Wang and Lehmann, 1991, Crucs et al., 2000, Bergsten et al., 2001) vas3 nos (Wang and Lehmann, 1991, Crucs et al., 2000, Bergsten et al., 2001) vas3F BicD (Liang et al., 1994) vas4C BicD (Liang et al., 1994) vasC92 osk (Wilson et al., 1996) vasETo14 Tm1 (Jankovics et al., 2001) vasG89 osk (Wilson et al., 1996) vasM13 osk (Wilson et al., 1996) vasPH165 eIF5B (Carrera et al., 2000) vasunspecified exu (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987) unspecified osk (Jankovics et al., 2001)
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0262526
Orthologs
Genome-wide drosophilid orthologs	Dere\GG25144 Dere\GG25145 Dsim\GD23992
Curated drosophilid orthologs	Dpse\GA17489   Dsim\vas (Hollocher et al., 2000) Dvir\vas
Linkouts
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 22 )
Bloomington	29241 w1118; Mi{ET1}vasMB11697 284 vas1 cn1 bw1/CyO 2813 vas1 cn1 exu1 bw1/CyO 30496 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HM05239}attP2 32434 y1 sc* v1; P{TRiP.HMS00431}attP2
Harvard	- P{XP}vasd04088 - P{XP}vasd09727
Kyoto	105832 vas1 cn1 bw1/CyO 124373 w1118; P{RS3}vasUM-8145-3
VDRC	v103427 P{KK100929}VIE-260B v9271 w1118 P{GD1556}v9271 v46464 w1118; P{GD16098}v46464
	More stocks available...
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR03D18 BACR06I01 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 80 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	RE20606
Other clones	MIP03838
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	AT08465 AT15594 GM16801 GM26665 LD06084 LD12044 LD17083 RH43527
Other clones	21217 59605 158430 164626 191724 214285.22 214569.22 bs54d04 Dmel_dig_004749_0708_1599 Dmel_dig_012284_0611_0862 Dmel_dig_018840_0624_2421 Dmel_dig_020435_0667_2564 Dmel_neb_003088_0936_0340 Dmel_neb_013847_0645_0556 Dmel_neb_014372_0566_2949 Dmel_neb_014399_0081_2497 Dmel_neb_014508_0136_2870 EC051634 EC052648 EC054637 EC055662 EK186435 EK261315 EK294231 FB59-CG33678-RA FGB002B12 FGC026H08 FGM319D06 RP003011870 RP003039239 RP003068366 RP003079890 RP003083941 RP003089461 RP003092176 RP003105086 RP003111226 RP003118341 RP003123443 RP003139103 RP003139642 RP003150021 RP003159756 RP003160737 RP003182460 RP003184886 RP003196409 RP003202326 RP003223242 RP003227551 RP003252919 RP003275839 RP003280182 RP003287605 RP003289008 RP003298538 RP003300202 RP003333513 RP003414712 RP003421788 RP003460581 RP003462279 RP003472096 RP003551052 RP003566156 RP003570451 RP003619222 RP003620047 RP003625310 RP003655028
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0262526 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 34884 3771812
Antibody Information
	monoclonal (Hay et al., 1988) polyclonal (Nakao et al., 2006, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990, Hay et al., 1990, Patil and Kai, 2010, Gilboa and Lehmann, 2004) polyclonal antibody (Song et al., 2004)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: CG33678 BG:DS00929.15 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2005) Source for identity of: vas CG3506 (Kodira, 1999.11)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: vas CG33678 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2010)
Additional comments	Annotations CG3506 and CG33678 merged as CG43081 in release 5.31 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2010)
Other Comments
	The "solo" splice variant encoded by the vas locus is required for meiotic cohesion. (Yan et al., 2010) vas binds with 1:1 stoichiometry to gus. (Woo et al., 2006) New annotation (CG33678) in release 4.2 of the genome annotation. (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2005) vas may act in the process of dorsal ventral polarity formation in the oocyte. (Silver et al., 1998) Mutants exhibit a ventralized egg chamber, the same phenotype that is observed in grk and Egfr mutants. (Silver et al., 1998) vas is involved in oocyte differentiation and germline cyst development. (Styhler et al., 1998) vas is required, directly or indirectly, for the regulation of grk mRNA localisation. (Tinker et al., 1998) vas is required for the establishment of both anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral polarity of the oocyte. (Tomancak et al., 1998) The polarity defects of vas mutants appear to be caused by a reduction in the amount of grk protein at stages of oogenesis critical for the establishment of polarity. (Tomancak et al., 1998) An osk-vas complex seems to stimulates transcription of osk. The phosphorylation of short osk may act in the spatial restriction of osk translation to the posterior pole. (Markussen et al., 1997) osk, stau, vas and tud are essential for pole plasm formation. (Breitwieser et al., 1996) vas and tud are localised dependent of osk protein and are required to accumulate osk protein stably at the posterior pole. (Breitwieser et al., 1996) Localization of vas protein to the nuage particles is independent of the pole plasm assembly pathway, but formation of the nuage depends upon vas function. (Liang et al., 1994) Molecular analysis of vas alleles suggests that recruitment of vas to the pole plasm must depend on protein-protein interactions, but, once localized, vas must bind to RNA to mediate germ cell formation. (Liang et al., 1994) Distribution of tud protein in mutant embryos has been studied. (Bardsley et al., 1993) The level of vas RNA in the ovary is controlled by the psq gene product. (Siegel et al., 1993) Only vas and tud are essential for osk-induced pole cell and abdomen formation. (Ephrussi and Lehmann, 1992) vas, vls and tud (but not stau, capu, or spir) are necessary for the 6xosk mutant phenotypes. (Smith et al., 1992) The vas gene is critical for normal and ectopic localization of the posterior signal. (Lehmann and Nusslein-Volhard, 1991) BicD vas embryos suppress all abdominal development. (Lehmann and Nusslein-Volhard, 1991) Mutations in vas do not interact with RpII140wimp. (Parkhurst and Ish-Horowicz, 1991) Mutations at the vas locus cause defects in midoogenesis. (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991) vas mutant embryos lack nos activity. (Wharton and Struhl, 1991) vas mutants exhibit deletion of the abdomen and pole plasm; amorphic mutants are sterile. (Gaul and Jaeckle, 1990) In vas mutants synthesis of vas protein is absent or severely restricted. (Hay et al., 1990) vas- females fail to complete oogenesis and lay no eggs. (Lasko and Ashburner, 1990) vas plays a role in polar granule formation. (Raff et al., 1990) vas protein does not accumulate in embryos from females mutant for capu and spir. (Manseau and Schupbach, 1989) Mutation in vas results in a maternal effect "grandchildless knirps-like" phenotype. (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989) Mutations in vas cause failure of germ cell formation and deletions in the abdominal segments in the embryo. (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1986)
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA246989 AA392889 AA536466 AAA29013 AAF44917 AAF44919 AAF53438 AAL89864 AAZ66470 AC093101 AE003412 AQ025823 AQ026507 AY084126 BI214636 CAA31405 CL525962 CZ473730 CZ476216 CZ476907 CZ476908 M23560 X12945 X12946 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 34884 3771812 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot • B6JUP5 P09052
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • RNA helicase, ATP-dependent, DEAD-box, conserved site (IPR000629) Helicase, C-terminal (IPR001650) DNA/RNA helicase, DEAD/DEAH box type, N-terminal (IPR011545) DEAD-like helicase (IPR014001) RNA helicase, DEAD-box type, Q motif (IPR014014)
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0262526 DRSC - Results from RNAi screens. • FBgn0262526 FlyMine - Integrated genomics database for Drosophila, Anopheles, and C.elegans • FBgn0262526 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 34884 3771812 modMine - Data generated by the modENCODE project. • FBgn0262526
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 23 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	BG:DS00929.14 (Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12, Ashburner et al., 1999) BG:DS00929.15 (Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12, Ashburner et al., 1999, ) CG3506 (Moorman et al., 2006, Perkins et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, de Wit et al., 2005, Ni et al., 2011.7.19) CG33678   CG43081 (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1) cgt (Silver et al., 1998, Roote, 1998.3.6, ) DmRH25 (Boudet et al., 2001) EP(2)0812 (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002) fs(2)ltoRJ36   pf7 (Yan et al., 2005) solo (Yan et al., 2010) unnamed (Lemaitre et al., 1993) vas (Richter et al., 2011, Kugler et al., 2010, Yan et al., 2010, Munro et al., 2006, Lasko, 2000.2.1, Christensen and Cook, 2007.5.8, Hochwagen, 2006, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22, Lim and Kai, 2007, Shpiz et al., 2007, Deshpande and Schedl, 2005, Snee and Macdonald, 2004, Kugler et al., 2008, Jain and Gavis, 2008, Orsborn et al., 2007, Lim and Kai, 2007, Ochoa-Espinosa et al., 2009, Wang et al., 1994, Xie et al., 2005, Malone et al., 2009, Navarro et al., 2009, Tanaka and Nakamura, 2008, Gracheva et al., 2009, Thomson et al., 2008, Venken et al., 2009, de Las Heras et al., 2009, de Wit et al., 2005, Blanco and Gehring, 2008, Patil and Kai, 2010, Anne, 2010, Nagao et al., 2010, Pek and Kai, 2011, Tanaka et al., 2011, Lancaster et al., 2010, Anne, 2010) Vas (Kitadate and Kobayashi, 2010, Anne et al., 2007, Wehr et al., 2006, Klattenhoff et al., 2007, Kugler and Lasko, 2007, Arkov et al., 2006, Chicoine et al., 2007, Chen et al., 2007, Gavis et al., 2008, Pek et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Guo and Wang, 2009, Klattenhoff et al., 2009, Hayashi et al., 2009, Becalska and Gavis, 2010, Patil and Kai, 2010, Grillo et al., 2011, Lerit and Gavis, 2011, Kugler et al., 2010, Sinsimer et al., 2011) VAS (Boudet et al., 2001, Mathews et al., 2006, Thomson and Lasko, 2004, Mukai et al., 2007, Le Bras and Van Doren, 2006) Vasa (Riparbelli and Callaini, 2011, Eisen et al., 1998, Anne et al., 2007, Gonsalvez et al., 2006, Clark et al., 2006, Clark et al., 2007, Ueishi et al., 2009, Insco et al., 2009, Sato et al., 2008, Insco et al., 2009, Gonsalvez et al., 2010, Zhou et al., 2011, Renault et al., 2010) VASA (Hinson and Nagoshi, 2002, Hinson et al., 1999, Pennetta and Pauli, 1997, Woo et al., 2006, Hempel and Oliver, 2007, Chau et al., 2009, Iovino et al., 2009, Park et al., 2007, Filippakopoulos et al., 2010) vasa (Shpiz et al., 2008, Yatsu et al., 2008)
Name Synonym	courgette (Silver et al., 1998, Roote, 1998.3.6, ) female sterile(2)ltoRJ36   no-relish (Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12) sisters on the loose (Yan et al., 2010) vas (Besse et al., 2005) vas- (Chan et al., 2011) VASA (Quinones et al., 2010, Woo et al., 2006, Megosh et al., 2006, Megosh et al., 2006, DeFalco et al., 2008, Buszczak et al., 2009, Hempel and Oliver, 2007, Robinett et al., 2010, Casper et al., 2011) Vasa (Parrott et al., 2011, Singh et al., 2010, Okegbe and DiNardo, 2011, Kugler et al., 2010, Leatherman and Dinardo, 2010, Deshpande et al., 2006, Terry et al., 2006, Siddall et al., 2006, Schupbach et al., 2006, O'Reilly et al., 2006, Klattenhoff et al., 2007, Sengoku et al., 2006, Poulton and Deng, 2006, Seydoux and Braun, 2006, Lin et al., 2006, Kugler and Lasko, 2007, Yamashita et al., 2007, Yamashita et al., 2007, Strome and Lehmann, 2007, Gilboa and Lehmann, 2006, Niki et al., 2006, Niki, 2006, Irion et al., 2006, Renault et al., 2004, Burnett and Howard, 2003, Clough et al., 2007, Maines et al., 2007, Renault et al., 2004, Song et al., 2007, Deshpande et al., 2007, Casper and Van Doren, 2006, Kadyrova et al., 2007, Yamada et al., 2008, Yamashita et al., 2005, Sano et al., 2005, Song et al., 2007, Sun et al., 2008, Neumuller et al., 2008, Wawersik et al., 2005, Yogev et al., 2008, Vanzo et al., 2007, Kitadate et al., 2007, Chicoine et al., 2007, Jiang et al., 2008, Orsborn et al., 2007, Bogard et al., 2007, Kunwar et al., 2008, Yang et al., 2007, Meignin and Davis, 2008, Chen et al., 2007, Tanentzapf et al., 2007, Chen et al., 2007, Suyama et al., 2009, Cheng et al., 2008, Ricardo and Lehmann, 2009, Clark et al., 2007, Bhat and Schedl, 1997, Yang et al., 2009, Aruna et al., 2009, Nanda et al., 2009, Gavis et al., 2008, Szakmary et al., 2009, Singh et al., 2006, Nie et al., 2009, Li et al., 2009, Bosveld et al., 2008, Chen et al., 2009, Liu et al., 2009, Gouw et al., 2009, Li et al., 2009, Sheng et al., 2009, Sheng et al., 2009, Guo and Wang, 2009, Klattenhoff et al., 2009, Hayashi et al., 2009, Riparbelli et al., 2009, Kalamegham et al., 2007, Bolivar et al., 2006, Riparbelli et al., 2005, Issigonis et al., 2009, Zhao et al., 2008, Adolph et al., 2009, Hashiyama et al., 2009, Jin et al., 2008, Leatherman and DiNardo, 2008, Patil and Kai, 2010, Liu et al., 2010, Grillo et al., 2011, Cheng et al., 2011, Gerbasi et al., 2011, Tastan et al., 2010, Kearse et al., 2011, Eliazer et al., 2011, König et al., 2011, Kugler et al., 2010, Sinsimer et al., 2011, McElwain et al., 2011, Monk et al., 2010, Zamparini et al., 2011) vasa (Pek and Kai, 2011, Yan et al., 2010, Ashburner, 1988.10.20, Oliver and Pauli, 1998, Asaoka et al., 1998, Heller and Steinmann-Zwicky, 1998, Ohlstein and McKearin, 1997, Newmark et al., 1997, Seydoux and Dunn, 1997, Boyle et al., 1997, Staab and Steinmann-Zwicky, 1996, Docquier et al., 1996, St. Johnston, 1993, Schulz et al., 1993, Beckemeyer and Shirk, 1992, Montell et al., 1991, de Valoir et al., 1991, Ashburner, 1991, Dorer et al., 1990, Raff et al., 1990, Struhl, 1989, Tautz, 1988, Driever and Nusslein-Volhard, 1988, Frydman et al., 2006, Goldman et al., 2007, Linder and Lasko, 2006, Shigenobu et al., 2006, McHugh et al., 2004, Shigenobu et al., 2006, Shpiz et al., 2007, Wang et al., 2006, Nakamura et al., 2007, Snee and Macdonald, 2004, Kalmykova et al., 2008, Georlette et al., 2007, Tadros et al., 2007, Ochoa-Espinosa et al., 2009, Malone et al., 2009, Shpiz et al., 2009, Shen et al., 2009, Nishida et al., 2007, Casper and Van Doren, 2009, Lee et al., 2008, Robine et al., 2009, Harbison et al., 2005, de Las Heras et al., 2009, Kirino et al., 2010, Blanco and Gehring, 2008, Leatherman and DiNardo, 2008, Patil and Kai, 2010, Gonsalvez et al., 2010, Anne, 2010, Wallenfang et al., 2006, Wang and Riechmann, 2007, Olivieri et al., 2010, Bakhrat et al., 2010, Pek and Kai, 2011, Di Stefano et al., 2007, Janic et al., 2010, Yadlapalli et al., 2011, Sui and Yang, 2011, Yu et al., 2010)
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0003970 FBgn0004805 FBgn0028928 FBgn0053678
References ( 625 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 625 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 438 ) Supplementary material  ( 16 ) Review  ( 79 ) Erratum  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 22 ) Abstract  ( 52 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 5 ) DNA/RNA sequence record  ( 1 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 2 ) Protein sequence record  ( 1 ) Computer file  ( 4 ) Automatic genome annotation  ( 1 ) Conference report  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 49 )
	Casper et al., 2011, Development 138(16): 3357--3366 no child left behind encodes a novel chromatin factor required for germline stem cell maintenance in males but not females. [FBrf0214565] Chan et al., 2011, Genetics 188(1): 33--44 Insect Population Control by Homing Endonuclease-Based Gene Drive: An Evaluation in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0213627] Cheng et al., 2011, Development 138(5): 831--837 Asymmetric division of cyst stem cells in Drosophila testis is ensured by anaphase spindle repositioning. [FBrf0213009] Eliazer et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(17): 7064--7069 Loss of lysine-specific demethylase 1 nonautonomously causes stem cell tumors in the Drosophila ovary. [FBrf0213593] Gerbasi et al., 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(8): 3204--3209 Blanks, a nuclear siRNA/dsRNA-binding complex component, is required for Drosophila spermiogenesis. [FBrf0213185] Grillo et al., 2011, Genetics 187(2): 513--521 Control of Germline torso Expression by the BTB/POZ Domain Protein Pipsqueak Is Required for Embryonic Terminal Patterning in Drosophila. [FBrf0213010] Kearse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(7): 2701--2716 Expression of ribosomal protein L22e family members in Drosophila melanogaster: rpL22-like is differentially expressed and alternatively spliced. [FBrf0213492] Kibanov et al., 2011, Mol. Biol. Cell 22(18): 3410--3419 A novel organelle, the piNG-body, in the nuage of Drosophila male germ cells is associated with piRNA-mediated gene silencing. [FBrf0215572] König et al., 2011, EMBO J. 30(8): 1549--1562 Ecdysteroids affect Drosophila ovarian stem cell niche formation and early germline differentiation. [FBrf0213531] Lerit and Gavis, 2011, Curr. Biol. 21(6): 439--448 Transport of germ plasm on astral microtubules directs germ cell development in Drosophila. [FBrf0213255] McElwain et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(11): e26993 A suppressor/enhancer screen in Drosophila reveals a role for wnt-mediated lipid metabolism in primordial germ cell migration. [FBrf0216663] Okegbe and DiNardo, 2011, Development 138(7): 1259--1267 The endoderm specifies the mesodermal niche for the germline in Drosophila via Delta-Notch signaling. [FBrf0213233] Parrott et al., 2011, PLoS ONE 6(9): e25087 Nucleoporin98-96 Function Is Required for Transit Amplification Divisions in the Germ Line of Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0216255] Pek and Kai, 2011, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108(29): 12007--12012 DEAD-box RNA helicase Belle/DDX3 and the RNA interference pathway promote mitotic chromosome segregation. [FBrf0214405] Pek and Kai, 2011, Curr. Biol. 21(1): 39--44 A role for vasa in regulating mitotic chromosome condensation in Drosophila. [FBrf0212718] Richter et al., 2011, Nat. Cell Biol. 13(9): 1029--1039 The tumour suppressor L(3)mbt inhibits neuroepithelial proliferation and acts on insulator elements. [FBrf0215050] Riparbelli and Callaini, 2011, Dev. Biol. 349(2): 427--439 Male gametogenesis without centrioles. [FBrf0212739] Sinsimer et al., 2011, Development 138(16): 3431--3440 A late phase of germ plasm accumulation during Drosophila oogenesis requires Lost and Rumpelstiltskin. [FBrf0214542] Sui and Yang, 2011, J. Genet. Genomics 38(2): 55--61 Distinct effects of nuclear membrane localization on gene transcription silencing in Drosophila S2 cells and germ cells. [FBrf0213132] Tanaka et al., 2011, Development 138(12): 2523--2532 Drosophila Mon2 couples Oskar-induced endocytosis with actin remodeling for cortical anchorage of the germ plasm. [FBrf0213769] Yadlapalli et al., 2011, J. Cell Sci. 124(6): 933--939 Drosophila male germline stem cells do not asymmetrically segregate chromosome strands. [FBrf0213200] Zamparini et al., 2011, Development 138(18): 4039--4050 Vreteno, a gonad-specific protein, is essential for germline development and primary piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. [FBrf0214783] Zhang et al., 2011, Mol. Cell 44(4): 572--584 Heterotypic piRNA Ping-Pong Requires Qin, a Protein with Both E3 Ligase and Tudor Domains. [FBrf0216809] Zhou et al., 2011, Development 138(6): 1111--1120 Auxilin is required for formation of Golgi-derived clathrin-coated vesicles during Drosophila spermatogenesis. [FBrf0213068] Anne, 2010, Development 137(17): 2819--2828 Arginine methylation of SmB is required for Drosophila germ cell development. [FBrf0211523] Anne, 2010, PLoS ONE 5(12): e14362 Targeting and anchoring tudor in the pole plasm of the Drosophila oocyte. [FBrf0212588] Bakhrat et al., 2010, Apoptosis 15(12): 1425--1434 Drosophila Chk2 and p53 proteins induce stage-specific cell death independently during oogenesis. [FBrf0212376] Becalska and Gavis, 2010, Dev. Biol. 340(2): 528--538 Bazooka regulates microtubule organization and spatial restriction of germ plasm assembly in the Drosophila oocyte. [FBrf0210533] Filippakopoulos et al., 2010, J. Mol. Biol. 401(3): 389--402 Structural Basis for Par-4 Recognition by the SPRY Domain- and SOCS Box-Containing Proteins SPSB1, SPSB2, and SPSB4. [FBrf0211386] Gonsalvez et al., 2010, Development 137(14): 2341--2351 Sm proteins specify germ cell fate by facilitating oskar mRNA localization. [FBrf0211144] Janic et al., 2010, Science 330(6012): 1824--1827 Ectopic expression of germline genes drives malignant brain tumor growth in Drosophila. [FBrf0212713] Kirino et al., 2010, J. Biol. Chem. 285(11): 8148--8154 Arginine Methylation of Vasa Protein Is Conserved across Phyla. [FBrf0210172] Kitadate and Kobayashi, 2010, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107(32): 14241--14246 Notch and Egfr signaling act antagonistically to regulate germ-line stem cell niche formation in Drosophila male embryonic gonads. [FBrf0211513] Kugler et al., 2010, Mol. Cell. Biol. 30(7): 1769--1782 Regulation of Drosophila Vasa In Vivo through Paralogous Cullin-RING E3 Ligase Specificity Receptors. [FBrf0210170] Kugler et al., 2010, PLoS ONE 5(2): e9048 Reduced cul-5 Activity Causes Aberrant Follicular Morphogenesis and Germ Cell Loss in Drosophila Oogenesis. [FBrf0209909] Lancaster et al., 2010, PLoS Genet. 6(10): e1001179 The Meiotic Recombination Checkpoint Suppresses NHK-1 Kinase to Prevent Reorganisation of the Oocyte Nucleus in Drosophila. [FBrf0212208] Leatherman and Dinardo, 2010, Nat. Cell Biol. 12(8): 806--811 Germline self-renewal requires cyst stem cells and stat regulates niche adhesion in Drosophila testes. [FBrf0211422] Liu et al., 2010, Sci. Signal. 3(132): ra57 The Drosophila Female Germline Stem Cell Lineage Acts to Spatially Restrict DPP Function Within the Niche. [FBrf0211426] Monk et al., 2010, Cell Stem Cell 6(4): 348--360 HOW is required for stem cell maintenance in the Drosophila testis and for the onset of transit-amplifying divisions. [FBrf0210446] Nagao et al., 2010, RNA 16(12): 2503--2515 Biogenesis pathways of piRNAs loaded onto AGO3 in the Drosophila testis. [FBrf0212366] Olivieri et al., 2010, EMBO J. 29(19): 3301--3317 An in vivo RNAi assay identifies major genetic and cellular requirements for primary piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. [FBrf0212004] Patil and Kai, 2010, Curr. Biol. 20(8): 724--730 Repression of Retroelements in Drosophila Germline via piRNA Pathway by the Tudor Domain Protein Tejas. [FBrf0211166] Quinones et al., 2010, J. Cell Biol. 189(2): 353--367 I-BAR protein antagonism of endocytosis mediates directional sensing during guided cell migration. [FBrf0210570] Renault et al., 2010, Development 137(11): 1815--1823 Lipid phosphate phosphatase activity regulates dispersal and bilateral sorting of embryonic germ cells in Drosophila. [FBrf0210764] Robinett et al., 2010, PLoS Biol. 8(5): e1000365 Sex and the single cell. II. There is a time and place for sex. [FBrf0210735] Singh et al., 2010, J. Cell. Physiol. 223(2): 500--510 Competitiveness for the niche and mutual dependence of the germline and somatic stem cells in the Drosophila testis are regulated by the JAK/STAT signaling. [FBrf0210092] Tastan et al., 2010, Development 137(19): 3167--3176 Drosophila Ataxin 2-binding protein 1 marks an intermediate step in the molecular differentiation of female germline cysts. [FBrf0211752] Yan et al., 2010, J. Cell Biol. 188(3): 335--349 SOLO: a meiotic protein required for centromere cohesion, coorientation, and SMC1 localization in Drosophila melanogaster. [FBrf0209923] Yu et al., 2010, genesis 48(3): 161--170 E(nos)/CG4699 required for nanos function in the female germ line of Drosophila. [FBrf0210233] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews ( 1 )
	Arkov and Ramos, 2010, Trends Cell Biol. 20(8): 482--490 Building RNA-protein granules: insight from the germline. [FBrf0212430] Show all reviews ...