FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Chpf
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Chpf
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Chondroitin polymerizing factor
Annotation Symbol
CG43313
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0263005
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Enzyme Name (EC)
glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N- acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (2.4.1.175)
N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase (2.4.1.226)
Gene Summary
Chondroitin polymerizing factor (Chpf) encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of glucuronic acid (GlcA) to a N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) acceptor and of GalNAc to a GlcA acceptor. It is involved in the alternating addition of GlcA and GalNAc during the elongation of the chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan chain. It may also act as an activating factor for Chsy during chondroitin chain polymerization. [Date last reviewed: 2024-12-19] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-41
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:13095571..13112462
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in Golgi apparatus
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q6IQX7
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR008428
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity
(1) 3-O-(beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta- D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 3-O-(beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D- Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (2.4.1.226)
(2) 3-O-{[beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)](n)-beta-D-GalNAc- (1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D- Xyl}-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate = 3-O-{beta-D-GlcA- (1->3)-[beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)](n)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)- beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl}-L- seryl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (2.4.1.226)
glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-proteoglycan 4-beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity
(1) 3-O-(beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta- D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-N- acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine = 3-O-(beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA- (1->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D- Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Xyl)-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (2.4.1.175)
(2) 3-O-{beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-[beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)](n)- beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal- (1->4)-beta-D-Xyl}-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine = 3-O-{[beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)](n+1)-beta-D-GalNAc- (1->4)-beta-D-GlcA-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D- Xyl}-L-seryl-[protein] + UDP + H(+) (2.4.1.175)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Chondroitin polymerizing factor (Chpf) encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of glucuronic acid (GlcA) to a N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) acceptor and of GalNAc to a GlcA acceptor. It is involved in the alternating addition of GlcA and GalNAc during the elongation of the chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan chain. It may also act as an activating factor for Chsy during chondroitin chain polymerization. [Date last reviewed: 2024-12-19]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
CHONDROITIN SYNTHASES -
Chondroitin synthases possess a galactosaminyltransferase activity that contributes to the elongation of chondroitin, a glycosaminoglycan that plays a key role in tissue development and morphogenesis. (Adapted from PMID: 21468578.)
GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASES -
Glucuronosyltransferases catalyze the conjugation of glucuronic acid from UDP-glucuronate to an acceptor, typically a small lipophilic molecule. (Adapted from PMID:26453144.)
Pathway (FlyBase)
CHONDROITIN SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN BIOSYNTHESIS -
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are glycoconjugates that consist of a core protein linked to one or more linear chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains. The chains are composed of alternating glucuronic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine that can be variably O-sulfated. CS synthesis occurs in the Golgi apparatus. It starts with the formation of a tetrasaccharide linker on the core protein followed by the alternating addition of glucuronic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine residues, the latter of which can be O-sulfated. CSPGs are then transported to the plasma membrane. D. melanogaster produces two types of CSPGs: one bearing 4-O-sulfated chondroitin and another with non-sulfated chondroitin. (Adapted from PMID:23774590 and FBrf0228609.)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Chpf for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VYH2)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0306847
3781
819
FBtr0346130
4326
819
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0297743
93.4
819
7.94
FBpp0311959
93.4
819
7.94
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

819 aa isoforms: Chpf-PA, Chpf-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Chpf using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.59

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Chpf in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 10 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Chpf
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Chpf
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (15)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
13 of 14
No
Yes
1  
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (16)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
13 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (17)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (10)
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
6 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (21)
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
13 of 14
No
Yes
13 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (13)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (6)
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Chpf. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (15)
3 of 13
3 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Other Interaction Browsers
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Other Interaction Browsers
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Links
    FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-41
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    11D10-11D11
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1461 and P{EP}CG1640EP1626
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (10)
    Genomic Clones (12)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (15)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of

          Source for merge of: CG4351 CG12714

          Additional comments

          Annotations CG4351 and CG12714 merged as CG43313 in release 5.35 of the genome annotation.

          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: Chpf CG43313

          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 43 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
          FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
          Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
          References (35)