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Gene Dmel\Acn

General Information
Symbol	Dmel\Acn	Species	D. melanogaster
Name	Acinus	Annotation symbol	CG10473
Feature type	protein_coding_gene	FlyBase ID	FBgn0263198
Gene Model Status	Current	Stock availability	5 publicly available
Also Known As	hkl, l(2)37Ba, Ba
Genomic Location
Chromosome (arm)	2L	Recombination map	2-53.9
Cytogenetic map	37B11-37B12	Sequence location	2L:19,045,355..19,048,817 [+]
Genomic Maps Select View:Gene Models/EvidenceExpression/RegulationMegaViewGene Disruptions, Stocks and Reagents Beta	Decorated FastA GenBankGFF Gene region Extended Gene region CDSIntronsExonsTranslationsTranscripts3' UTR5' UTR
Summary Information
Automatically generated summary See sections below for more information	The gene Acinus is referred to in FlyBase by the symbol Dmel\Acn (CG10473, FBgn0263198). It is a protein_coding_gene from Drosophila melanogaster. There is experimental evidence that it has the molecular function: protein binding. There is experimental evidence that it is involved in the biological process: protein targeting to lysosome; regulation of autophagy. 28 alleles are reported. The phenotypes of these alleles are annotated with: embryonic/larval fat body; melanotic mass. It has 3 annotated transcripts and 3 annotated polypeptides. Protein features are: Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait. Gene sequence location is 2L:19045355..19048817.
User Contributed Data
	Beta version, feedback welcome
Phenotypic Description from the Red Book (Lindsley & Zimm 1992)
Gene/Allele symbols may differ from current usage	l(2)37Ba Variably late lethal; death occurs at larval [l(2)37Ba2], or pupal [l(2)37Ba2, l(2)37Ba4, l(2)37Ba8, l(2)37Ba9] stage with pharate adults; l(2)37Ba2 produces some adults, which are male sterile or female sterile; l(2)37Ba4 produces many adults, which are male or female sterile; l(2)37Bfs1 is a normally viable, female-sterile allele. Melanotic tumors noted in l(2)37Ba4 and l(2)37Ba8; pharate adults display incompletely developed abdominal cuticle in l(2)37Ba2, l(2)37Ba4, and l(2)37Ba8 (Wright, 1987, Adv. Genet. 24: 127-222).
Recent Updates
Description	What does this section display? This section contains items that were added to this record for each release. It currently only tracks new links between this FlyBase report and other FlyBase data classes (e.g. genes, references, stocks) or controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. GO, anatomy terms). What does this section not display? This section does not currently display links that were removed or gene model changes.
Update Feed	Click the icon below to subscribe to this FlyBase record and receive updates automatically through your feed reader.
FB2013_03
FB2013_02
All updates	Click here to see a list of all updates to this record from FB2010_08 and on.
Detailed Mapping Data
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Evidence for location 37B11-37B12   Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}l(2)37Dbk16106&P{lacW}Catsupk05424 and P{lacW}Ddck02104
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map Notes References
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location	2-53.9
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Gene Model & Products
Please see the GBrowse view of Dmel\Acn for information on other features To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
Comments on Gene Model
	Gene model reviewed during 5.48 Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name FlyBase ID RefSeq ID Length (nt) Associated CDS (aa) Acn-RA FBtr0081145  NM_136091   2884   739 Acn-RB FBtr0081144  NM_165273   2513   739 Acn-RC FBtr0336842  NM_001273627   3153   739
Additional Transcript Data & Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name FlyBase ID Predicted MW (kDa) Length (aa) Theoretical pI RefSeq ID GenBank protein Acn-PA   FBpp0080689   83.7   739   6.66     NP_609935   AAF53746 Acn-PB   FBpp0080688   83.7   739   6.66     NP_724153   AAN11023 Acn-PC   FBpp0307803   83.7   739   6.66     NP_001260556   AGB93091
Additional Polypeptide Data & Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait (IPR012677)
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank	DNA sequence Protein sequence Name AA201117   AA390544   AA536429   AA540343   AA696605   AA736038   AA820244   AA941007   AA951381   AA979631   AE014134 AAF53746   AE014134 AAN11023   AE014134 AGB93091   AI106998   AI107457   AI113607   AI113617   AI293350   AI387897   AI388405   AI455367   AI512993   AI515097   AI534117   AI541876   AI543958   AI544125   AW943840   AY069519 AAL39664   AY119621 AAM50275   AY231974   BI172194   BI227502   BI228094   BI229364   BI234994   BI235096   BI235341   BI236443   BI237844   BI238892   BI242199   BI242946   BI242972   BI243137   BI243214   BI243397   BI353655   BI354928   BI356042   BI357334   BI361333   BI363598   BI364392   BI365980   BI368039   BI370087   BI373029   BI373177   BI374414   BI375765   BI485586   BI485948   BI567838   BI577319   BI577866   BI577959   BI577965   BI579373   BI580547   BI580834   BI615372   BI633195   BI641054   BQ103228   BQ103233   CO177727   CO188808   CO194660   CO264756   CO266983   CO270321   CO271667   CO282047   CO284853   CO286547   CO290219   CO292345   CO301667   CO303568   CO308065   CO310014   CO312443   CO316081   CO317119   CO320966   CO340630   EC058869   EC065416   EC069296   EC080992   EC083931   EC084981   EC085106   EC085281   EC087477   EC199112   EC200150   EC203476   EC204125   EC213589   EC215201   EC220140   EC222983   EC226091   EC226633   EC237169   EC249522   EC249998   EC250629   EC255234   EC256890   EC259294   ES690221   ES690235   ES690240   ES690241   ES690254   ES690277   ES690302   ES690304   ES696457   EV586778   FE862758   FE862795   FE862796   FE862826   FE862847   FE862892   FE862893   FE862944   FE863074   FE863075   FE863132   FE863343   FE863385   FE863386   FE863435   GH739264   GH739291   GH739350   GH739618   GH740042   GH740253   GH742349   GH744038   GH762759   GH763983   GH764147   GH764209   GH766064   GH768106   GH769084   GH769521   GO254342   GO254358   GO254449   GO254546
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
UniProtKB/TrEMBL	Q9VJ12 Q8MRH4
Mapped Features
Mapped Features have been reorganized, please see this article for details. Additional mapped features and mutations can be found on GBrowse or related reports. Type Symbol & Location Additional Notes References
External Data
Linkouts
Crossreferences
Expression Data
Transcript Expression
in situ Stage Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization) Reference embryonic stage 1 -- 3   organism   (Fisher et al., 2012) Comment:maternally deposited embryonic stage 4 -- 6   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 7 -- 8   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral ectoderm   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 9 -- 10   organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 11 -- 12   central brain primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic central brain glial cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic central brain neuron   (Fisher et al., 2012) lateral cord glial cell   (Fisher et al., 2012) lateral cord neuron   (Fisher et al., 2012) organism | ubiquitous   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord primordium   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic stage 13 -- 16   embryonic brain   (Fisher et al., 2012) embryonic/larval nervous system   (Fisher et al., 2012) ventral nerve cord   (Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
Subcellular Localization (GO Cellular Component)
CV term Evidence References
catalytic step 2 spliceosome inferred from direct assay (Herold et al., 2009) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Haberman et al., 2010) nucleus inferred from direct assay (Haberman et al., 2010) precatalytic spliceosome inferred from direct assay (Herold et al., 2009)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools
Reference	See Gelbart and Emmert, 2010.10.13 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
FlyAtlas Anatomy Microarray
FlyAtlas Anatomical Expression Data (Chintapalli et al., 2007)
modENCODE Anatomy RNA-Seq
modENCODE Tissue Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_tissues)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    112 central nervous system, larvae L3    256 central nervous system, pupae P8    165 head, virgin 1-day female    81 head, virgin 4-day female    118 head, virgin 20-day female    56 head, mated 1-day female    106 head, mated 4-day female    103 head, mated 20-day female    53 head, mated 1-day male    127 head, mated 4-day male    156 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult    39 digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    34 fat body, white prepupae    48 fat body, pupae P8    88 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    129 carcass, 1-day adult    33 carcass, 4-day adult    46 carcass, 20-day adult    32 ovary, virgin 4-day female    112 ovary, mated 4-day female    156 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    30 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (112) central nervous system, larvae L3  (256) central nervous system, pupae P8  (165) head, virgin 1-day female  (81) head, virgin 4-day female  (118) head, virgin 20-day female  (56) head, mated 1-day female  (106) head, mated 4-day female  (103) head, mated 20-day female  (53) head, mated 1-day male  (127) head, mated 4-day male  (156) head, mated 20-day male  (115) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  (32) digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult  (39) digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (34) fat body, white prepupae  (48) fat body, pupae P8  (88) carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (129) carcass, 1-day adult  (33) carcass, 4-day adult  (46) carcass, 20-day adult  (32) ovary, virgin 4-day female  (112) ovary, mated 4-day female  (156) testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  (30) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (112) central nervous system, larvae L3  (256) central nervous system, pupae P8  (165) head, virgin 1-day female    81 head, virgin 4-day female  (118) head, virgin 20-day female    56 head, mated 1-day female  106 head, mated 4-day female  103 head, mated 20-day female    53 head, mated 1-day male  (127) head, mated 4-day male  (156) head, mated 20-day male  (115) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult    39 digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    34 fat body, white prepupae    48 fat body, pupae P8    88 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (129) carcass, 1-day adult    33 carcass, 4-day adult    46 carcass, 20-day adult    32 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (112) ovary, mated 4-day female  (156) testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    30 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    112 central nervous system, larvae L3    256 central nervous system, pupae P8    165 head, virgin 1-day female    81 head, virgin 4-day female    118 head, virgin 20-day female    56 head, mated 1-day female    106 head, mated 4-day female    103 head, mated 20-day female    53 head, mated 1-day male    127 head, mated 4-day male    156 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult    39 digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    34 fat body, white prepupae    48 fat body, pupae P8    88 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    129 carcass, 1-day adult    33 carcass, 4-day adult    46 carcass, 20-day adult    32 ovary, virgin 4-day female    112 ovary, mated 4-day female    156 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    30 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    112 central nervous system, larvae L3    256 central nervous system, pupae P8    165 head, virgin 1-day female    81 head, virgin 4-day female    118 head, virgin 20-day female    56 head, mated 1-day female    106 head, mated 4-day female    103 head, mated 20-day female    53 head, mated 1-day male    127 head, mated 4-day male    156 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult    39 digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    34 fat body, white prepupae    48 fat body, pupae P8    88 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    129 carcass, 1-day adult    33 carcass, 4-day adult    46 carcass, 20-day adult    32 ovary, virgin 4-day female    112 ovary, mated 4-day female    156 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    30 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  (112) central nervous system, larvae L3  (256) central nervous system, pupae P8  (165) head, virgin 1-day female  (81) head, virgin 4-day female  (118) head, virgin 20-day female  (56) head, mated 1-day female  (106) head, mated 4-day female  (103) head, mated 20-day female  (53) head, mated 1-day male  (127) head, mated 4-day male  (156) head, mated 20-day male  (115) salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering  32 digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult  (39) digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering  (34) fat body, white prepupae  (48) fat body, pupae P8  (88) carcass, larvae L3 wandering  (129) carcass, 1-day adult  (33) carcass, 4-day adult  (46) carcass, 20-day adult  32 ovary, virgin 4-day female  (112) ovary, mated 4-day female  (156) testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male  30 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering  112 central nervous system, larvae L3  (256) central nervous system, pupae P8  (165) head, virgin 1-day female    81 head, virgin 4-day female  118 head, virgin 20-day female    56 head, mated 1-day female  106 head, mated 4-day female  103 head, mated 20-day female    53 head, mated 1-day male  127 head, mated 4-day male  (156) head, mated 20-day male  115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult    39 digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    34 fat body, white prepupae    48 fat body, pupae P8    88 carcass, larvae L3 wandering  129 carcass, 1-day adult    33 carcass, 4-day adult    46 carcass, 20-day adult    32 ovary, virgin 4-day female  112 ovary, mated 4-day female  (156) testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    30 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering    112 central nervous system, larvae L3    256 central nervous system, pupae P8    165 head, virgin 1-day female    81 head, virgin 4-day female    118 head, virgin 20-day female    56 head, mated 1-day female    106 head, mated 4-day female    103 head, mated 20-day female    53 head, mated 1-day male    127 head, mated 4-day male    156 head, mated 20-day male    115 salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering    11 salivary gland, white prepupae    24 digestive system, larvae L3 wandering    32 digestive system, 1-day adult    21 digestive system, 4-day adult    39 digestive system, 20-day adult    23 fat body, larvae L3 wandering    34 fat body, white prepupae    48 fat body, pupae P8    88 carcass, larvae L3 wandering    129 carcass, 1-day adult    33 carcass, 4-day adult    46 carcass, 20-day adult    32 ovary, virgin 4-day female    112 ovary, mated 4-day female    156 testis, mated 4-day male    15 accessory gland, mated 4-day male    30 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Tissue   Expression Level imaginal disc, larvae L3 wandering     central nervous system, larvae L3     central nervous system, pupae P8     head, virgin 1-day female     head, virgin 4-day female     head, virgin 20-day female     head, mated 1-day female     head, mated 4-day female     head, mated 20-day female     head, mated 1-day male     head, mated 4-day male     head, mated 20-day male     salivary gland, larvae L3 wandering     salivary gland, white prepupae     digestive system, larvae L3 wandering     digestive system, 1-day adult     digestive system, 4-day adult     digestive system, 20-day adult     fat body, larvae L3 wandering     fat body, white prepupae     fat body, pupae P8     carcass, larvae L3 wandering     carcass, 1-day adult     carcass, 4-day adult     carcass, 20-day adult     ovary, virgin 4-day female     ovary, mated 4-day female     testis, mated 4-day male     accessory gland, mated 4-day male
modENCODE Development RNA-Seq
modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_U)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    101 embryo 04-06hr    129 embryo 06-08hr    123 embryo 08-10hr    96 embryo 10-12hr    58 embryo 12-14hr    53 embryo 14-16hr    43 embryo 16-18hr    36 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    32 embryo 22-24hr    29 larva L1    27 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    33 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    37 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    45 white prepupae 24hr    61 pupae 2d postWPP    44 pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day    29 adult female 05day    43 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (58) embryo 02-04hr  (101) embryo 04-06hr  (129) embryo 06-08hr  (123) embryo 08-10hr  (96) embryo 10-12hr  (58) embryo 12-14hr  (53) embryo 14-16hr  (43) embryo 16-18hr  (36) embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr  (32) embryo 22-24hr  (29) larva L1  (27) larva L2  26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (33) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (37) white prepupae new  (37) white prepupae 12hr  (45) white prepupae 24hr  (61) pupae 2d postWPP  (44) pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day  (29) adult female 05day  (43) adult female 30day  (42) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr  101 embryo 04-06hr  (129) embryo 06-08hr  (123) embryo 08-10hr    96 embryo 10-12hr    58 embryo 12-14hr    53 embryo 14-16hr    43 embryo 16-18hr    36 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    32 embryo 22-24hr    29 larva L1    27 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    33 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    37 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    45 white prepupae 24hr    61 pupae 2d postWPP    44 pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day    29 adult female 05day    43 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    101 embryo 04-06hr    129 embryo 06-08hr    123 embryo 08-10hr    96 embryo 10-12hr    58 embryo 12-14hr    53 embryo 14-16hr    43 embryo 16-18hr    36 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    32 embryo 22-24hr    29 larva L1    27 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    33 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    37 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    45 white prepupae 24hr    61 pupae 2d postWPP    44 pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day    29 adult female 05day    43 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    101 embryo 04-06hr    129 embryo 06-08hr    123 embryo 08-10hr    96 embryo 10-12hr    58 embryo 12-14hr    53 embryo 14-16hr    43 embryo 16-18hr    36 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    32 embryo 22-24hr    29 larva L1    27 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    33 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    37 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    45 white prepupae 24hr    61 pupae 2d postWPP    44 pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day    29 adult female 05day    43 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr  (58) embryo 02-04hr  (101) embryo 04-06hr  (129) embryo 06-08hr  (123) embryo 08-10hr  (96) embryo 10-12hr  (58) embryo 12-14hr  (53) embryo 14-16hr  (43) embryo 16-18hr  (36) embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr  32 embryo 22-24hr  29 larva L1  27 larva L2  26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6  (33) larva L3 puffstage 7-9  (37) white prepupae new  (37) white prepupae 12hr  (45) white prepupae 24hr  (61) pupae 2d postWPP  (44) pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day  29 adult female 05day  (43) adult female 30day  (42) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr  101 embryo 04-06hr  129 embryo 06-08hr  123 embryo 08-10hr    96 embryo 10-12hr    58 embryo 12-14hr    53 embryo 14-16hr    43 embryo 16-18hr    36 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    32 embryo 22-24hr    29 larva L1    27 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    33 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    37 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    45 white prepupae 24hr    61 pupae 2d postWPP    44 pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day    29 adult female 05day    43 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr    58 embryo 02-04hr    101 embryo 04-06hr    129 embryo 06-08hr    123 embryo 08-10hr    96 embryo 10-12hr    58 embryo 12-14hr    53 embryo 14-16hr    43 embryo 16-18hr    36 embryo 18-20hr    24 embryo 20-22hr    32 embryo 22-24hr    29 larva L1    27 larva L2    26 larva L3 12hr old    19 larva L3 puffstage 1-2    21 larva L3 puffstage 3-6    33 larva L3 puffstage 7-9    37 white prepupae new    37 white prepupae 12hr    45 white prepupae 24hr    61 pupae 2d postWPP    44 pupae 3d postWPP    24 pupae 4d postWPP    13 adult male 01day    18 adult male 05day    23 adult male 30day    22 adult female 01day    29 adult female 05day    43 adult female 30day    42 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Developmental Stage   Expression Level embryo 00-02hr     embryo 02-04hr     embryo 04-06hr     embryo 06-08hr     embryo 08-10hr     embryo 10-12hr     embryo 12-14hr     embryo 14-16hr     embryo 16-18hr     embryo 18-20hr     embryo 20-22hr     embryo 22-24hr     larva L1     larva L2     larva L3 12hr old     larva L3 puffstage 1-2     larva L3 puffstage 3-6     larva L3 puffstage 7-9     white prepupae new     white prepupae 12hr     white prepupae 24hr     pupae 2d postWPP     pupae 3d postWPP     pupae 4d postWPP     adult male 01day     adult male 05day     adult male 30day     adult female 01day     adult female 05day     adult female 30day     modENCODE Temporal Expression Data (Graveley et al., 2011)
modENCODE Cell Lines RNA-Seq
modENCODE Cell Line Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.A) (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_cell.B)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    120 Schneider line 2 Sg4    90 embryonic 1182-4H    141 embryonic GM2    125 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    169 embryonic S3    131 leg disc CME L1    162 wing disc CME-W2    107 wing disc ML-DmD8    119 wing disc ML-DmD9    218 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    209 wing disc ML-DmD21    77 wing disc ML-DmD32    131 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    145 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    157 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    79 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    152 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    199 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    170 tumorous blood cells mbn2    79 ovary fGS/OSS    272 ovary OSC    266 ovary OSS    187 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (120) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (90) embryonic 1182-4H  (141) embryonic GM2  (125) embryonic Kc167  (67) embryonic S1  (169) embryonic S3  (131) leg disc CME L1  (162) wing disc CME-W2  (107) wing disc ML-DmD8  (119) wing disc ML-DmD9  (218) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (209) wing disc ML-DmD21  (77) wing disc ML-DmD32  (131) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (145) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (157) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (79) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (152) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (199) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (170) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (79) ovary fGS/OSS  (272) ovary OSC  (266) ovary OSS  (187) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (120) Schneider line 2 Sg4    90 embryonic 1182-4H  (141) embryonic GM2  (125) embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1  (169) embryonic S3  (131) leg disc CME L1  (162) wing disc CME-W2  107 wing disc ML-DmD8  (119) wing disc ML-DmD9  (218) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (209) wing disc ML-DmD21    77 wing disc ML-DmD32  (131) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (145) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (157) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    79 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (152) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (199) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (170) tumorous blood cells mbn2    79 ovary fGS/OSS  (272) ovary OSC  (266) ovary OSS  (187) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    120 Schneider line 2 Sg4    90 embryonic 1182-4H    141 embryonic GM2    125 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    169 embryonic S3    131 leg disc CME L1    162 wing disc CME-W2    107 wing disc ML-DmD8    119 wing disc ML-DmD9    218 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    209 wing disc ML-DmD21    77 wing disc ML-DmD32    131 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    145 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    157 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    79 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    152 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    199 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    170 tumorous blood cells mbn2    79 ovary fGS/OSS    272 ovary OSC    266 ovary OSS    187 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    120 Schneider line 2 Sg4    90 embryonic 1182-4H    141 embryonic GM2    125 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    169 embryonic S3    131 leg disc CME L1    162 wing disc CME-W2    107 wing disc ML-DmD8    119 wing disc ML-DmD9    218 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    209 wing disc ML-DmD21    77 wing disc ML-DmD32    131 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    145 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    157 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    79 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    152 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    199 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    170 tumorous blood cells mbn2    79 ovary fGS/OSS    272 ovary OSC    266 ovary OSS    187 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  (120) Schneider line 2 Sg4  (90) embryonic 1182-4H  (141) embryonic GM2  (125) embryonic Kc167  (67) embryonic S1  (169) embryonic S3  (131) leg disc CME L1  (162) wing disc CME-W2  (107) wing disc ML-DmD8  (119) wing disc ML-DmD9  (218) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (209) wing disc ML-DmD21  (77) wing disc ML-DmD32  (131) haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (145) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (157) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5  (79) mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (152) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (199) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (170) tumorous blood cells mbn2  (79) ovary fGS/OSS  (272) ovary OSC  (266) ovary OSS  (187) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+  120 Schneider line 2 Sg4    90 embryonic 1182-4H  141 embryonic GM2  125 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1  (169) embryonic S3  131 leg disc CME L1  (162) wing disc CME-W2  107 wing disc ML-DmD8  119 wing disc ML-DmD9  (218) wing disc ML-DmD16-c3  (209) wing disc ML-DmD21    77 wing disc ML-DmD32  131 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3  (145) eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11  (157) antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    79 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1  (152) CNS ML-DmBG1-c1  (199) CNS ML-DmBG2-c2  (170) tumorous blood cells mbn2    79 ovary fGS/OSS  (272) ovary OSC  (266) ovary OSS  (187) Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+    120 Schneider line 2 Sg4    90 embryonic 1182-4H    141 embryonic GM2    125 embryonic Kc167    67 embryonic S1    169 embryonic S3    131 leg disc CME L1    162 wing disc CME-W2    107 wing disc ML-DmD8    119 wing disc ML-DmD9    218 wing disc ML-DmD16-c3    209 wing disc ML-DmD21    77 wing disc ML-DmD32    131 haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3    145 eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11    157 antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5    79 mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1    152 CNS ML-DmBG1-c1    199 CNS ML-DmBG2-c2    170 tumorous blood cells mbn2    79 ovary fGS/OSS    272 ovary OSC    266 ovary OSS    187 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Cell Line   Expression Level Schneider line 2 S2R+     Schneider line 2 Sg4     embryonic 1182-4H     embryonic GM2     embryonic Kc167     embryonic S1     embryonic S3     leg disc CME L1     wing disc CME-W2     wing disc ML-DmD8     wing disc ML-DmD9     wing disc ML-DmD16-c3     wing disc ML-DmD21     wing disc ML-DmD32     haltere disc ML-DmD17-c3     eye-antennal disc ML-DmD11     antennal disc ML-DmD20-c5     mixed discs ML-DmD4-c1     CNS ML-DmBG1-c1     CNS ML-DmBG2-c2     tumorous blood cells mbn2     ovary fGS/OSS     ovary OSC     ovary OSS
modENCODE Treatments RNA-Seq
modENCODE Treatment Expression Data (modENCODE_mRNA-Seq_treatments)    Styles Linear Logarithmic Heatmap    Scales gene max expression Moderate expression bin max High expression bin max Extremely high expression bin max Guide to modENCODE expression level colors   No/Extremely low expression (0 - 0)   Very low expression (1 - 3)   Low expression (4 - 10)   Moderate expression (11 - 25)   Moderately high expression (26 - 50)   High expression (51 - 100)   Very high expression (101 - 1000)   Extremely high expression (>1000) Linear, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    79 cold shock, 4-day adult    65 heat shock, 4-day adult    52 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    37 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    118 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    63 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    115 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    58 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    88 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    72 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    105 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    77 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    91 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    68 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (79) cold shock, 4-day adult  (65) heat shock, 4-day adult  (52) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (37) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (57) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (118) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (63) Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (115) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (58) Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (88) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (72) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (27) Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (28) Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (105) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (77) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (91) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (68) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  Linear, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    79 cold shock, 4-day adult    65 heat shock, 4-day adult    52 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    37 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (118) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    63 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (115) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    58 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    88 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    72 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  105 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    77 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    91 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    68 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  Linear, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    79 cold shock, 4-day adult    65 heat shock, 4-day adult    52 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    37 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    118 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    63 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    115 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    58 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    88 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    72 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    105 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    77 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    91 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    68 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Extremely high  log, scaled to maximum expression level Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    79 cold shock, 4-day adult    65 heat shock, 4-day adult    52 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    37 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    118 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    63 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    115 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    58 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    88 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    72 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    105 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    77 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    91 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    68 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Moderate expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult  (79) cold shock, 4-day adult  (65) heat shock, 4-day adult  (52) Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (37) Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (57) Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (118) Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (63) Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (115) Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3  (58) Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (88) Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  (72) Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3  27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3  28 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (105) Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (77) Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (91) Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  (68) Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high  log, scaled to High expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    79 cold shock, 4-day adult    65 heat shock, 4-day adult    52 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    37 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  118 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    63 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult  115 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    58 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    88 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    72 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult  105 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    77 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    91 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    68 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high  log, scaled to Extremely high expression Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult    79 cold shock, 4-day adult    65 heat shock, 4-day adult    52 Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3    22 Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    37 Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    57 Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    118 Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    63 Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    115 Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3    58 Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    88 Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    72 Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3    27 Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3    28 Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3    25 Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    105 Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult    77 Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    91 Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult    68 Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    23 Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3    24 Expression Level Scale  Very low   Low   Moderate   Moderately high   High   Very high   Extremely high  Heatmap Treatment   Expression Level extended cold, 4-day adult     cold shock, 4-day adult     heat shock, 4-day adult     Cadmium 50 mM 6 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Cadmium 50 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Cadmium 100 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Copper 0.5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Copper 15 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Zinc 5 mM 12 hrs, larvae L3     Zinc 4.5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Ethanol 2.5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 5% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Ethanol 10% 3 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 1.5 mg/ml 4 hrs, larvae L3     Caffeine 2.5 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Caffeine 25 mg/ml 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 5 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Paraquat 10 mM 48 hrs, 4-day adult     Rotenone 2 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3     Rotenone 8 μg 12 hrs, larvae L3
Expression Clusters
	A cluster of genes with similar mRNA expression dynamics across development. (The modENCODE Consortium, 2010, Graveley et al., 2011) mE2_34_mRNA_expression_cluster_30 mE1_20_mRNA_expression_cluster_02
External Data & Images
Linkouts	BDGP expression data • LD23757 LD46360
Alleles & Phenotypes
Summary of Allele Phenotypes
Lethality Allele lethal Acn2 lethal, with Scer\GAL4tub.PU AcnScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC lethal (with Acn1) Acn27 lethal (with Acn27) Acn1 lethal (with Df(2L)TW130) Acn1 Acn27 lethal | pharate adult stage Acn4 viable Acnfs1 viable, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237 AcnGD6985 Sterility Allele female sterile Acn2 Acn4 Acnfs1 female sterile | recessive Acn4 Acnfs1 male sterile Acn2 Acn4 male sterile | recessive Acn4 Acnfs1 Other Phenotypes Allele eye color defective | somatic clone Acn27 melanotic mass phenotype Acn4 wild-type Acn+t6.2 Acn+t8.7 Phenotype manifest in Allele adult cuticle & abdomen Acn4 Acn2 cuticle & abdomen & pharate adult Acn9 Acn8 embryonic/larval fat body, with Scer\GAL4Lsp2.PH AcnScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC embryonic/larval fat body (with Acn1) Acn27 embryonic/larval fat body (with Acn27) Acn1 eye | somatic clone Acn27 eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone Acn27 melanotic mass Acn4 ommatidium | somatic clone Acn27 pigment cell | somatic clone Acn27
Classical Alleles ( 16 )
For All Classical Alleles Show
Allele of Acn Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion Acn1 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 1 Yes AcnEY22500 P-element activity 1 -- Acnfs1 ethyl methanesulfonate 1 -- Acn10 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Acn11 ethyl methanesulfonate gamma ray 0 -- Acn12 ethyl methanesulfonate gamma ray 0 -- Acn27 loss of function allele ethyl methanesulfonate 0 Yes Acn2 ethyl methanesulfonate formaldehyde 0 -- Acn3 ethyl methanesulfonate gamma ray 0 -- Acn4 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Acn5 0 -- Acn6 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Acn7 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- Acn8 ethyl methanesulfonate gamma ray 0 -- Acn9 ethyl methanesulfonate 0 -- AcnGS5198 0 Yes
Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs ( 12 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Allele of Acn Class Mutagen Stocks Known lesion AcnGD6985 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes AcnKK111555 in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 1 Yes Acn+t4.2 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Acn+t6.2 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Acn+t8.7 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes Acn4.2.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes AcnB1 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes AcnB2 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes AcnB3 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes AcnB7 in vitro construct - genomic fragment 0 Yes AcnNIG.10473R in vitro construct - RNAi in vitro construct - regulatory fusion 0 Yes AcnScer\UAS.T:Hsap\MYC in vitro construct - regulatory fusion in vitro construct - coding region fusion 0 Yes
Aneuploid Aberrations
Disrupted in	Df(2L)E71 (Wright et al., 1981) Df(2L)Exel6042 (Ryder, 2004.4.26) Df(2L)hk18 (Wright, 1996, Pentz et al., 1986) Df(2L)hk-UC1 (Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)hk-UC2 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)OD15 (Wright, 1996, Pentz et al., 1986, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)TW130 (Wright et al., 1981, Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)VA18 (Gilbert et al., 1984, Pentz et al., 1986, Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)VA21 (Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)VA23 (Stathakis et al., 1995)
Not disrupted in	Df(2L)Catsup44 (Stathakis et al., 1999) Df(2L)Catsup45 (Stathakis et al., 1999) Df(2L)Catsup46 (Stathakis et al., 1999) Df(2L)E55 (Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)NST (Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995, Pentz et al., 1986) Df(2L)Sd37 (Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)Sd57 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)Sd77 (Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)TE37C-1 (Gilbert et al., 1984, Wright et al., 1981, Wright, 1996) Df(2L)TE37C-7 (Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)TW137 (Stathakis et al., 1995) Df(2L)TW203 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996, Pentz et al., 1986) Df(2L)VA12 (Wright, 1996, Stathakis et al., 1995, Gilbert et al., 1984, Pentz et al., 1986, Wright et al., 1981) Df(2L)VA13 (Wright, 1996, Wright et al., 1981, Gilbert et al., 1984) Df(2L)VA17 (Pentz et al., 1986, Wright, 1996, Wright et al., 1981, Stathakis et al., 1995, Gilbert et al., 1984) Df(2L)VA19 (Stathakis et al., 1995, Wright, 1996)
Transgenic Constructs & Insertions
Transgenic Constructs
	Type of construct Name Expression data UAS construct P{NIG.10473R} NA P{UAS-Acn.2xMyc} NA characterization construct P{Acn.4.2.Myc} NA P{Acn.+t4.2} NA
Insertions
	Type of insertions Name Expression data insertion of enhancer trap P{lacW}l(2)SH0843SH0843 No insertion of mobile activating element P{EPgy2}AcnEY22500 NA P{GSV1}EP-323EP-323 NA P{GSV2}CG10470GS5198 NA
Gene Ontology: Function, Process & Cellular Component ( 10 unique terms )
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence ( 7 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
protein binding inferred from physical interaction with Aac11 (Rigou et al., 2009)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
protein targeting to lysosome inferred from mutant phenotype (Haberman and Krämer, 2007) regulation of autophagy inferred from mutant phenotype (Haberman et al., 2010)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
catalytic step 2 spliceosome inferred from direct assay (Herold et al., 2009) cytoplasm inferred from direct assay (Haberman et al., 2010) nucleus inferred from direct assay (Haberman et al., 2010) precatalytic spliceosome inferred from direct assay (Herold et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions ( 4 terms )
Molecular Function
CV term Evidence References
nucleotide binding inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012677 (FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)
Biological Process
CV term Evidence References
apoptotic process inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Vernooy et al., 2000) mRNA splicing, via spliceosome inferred by curator from GO:0071011|GO:0071013 (Herold et al., 2009)
Cellular Component
CV term Evidence References
nucleus inferred from sequence or structural similarity (Vernooy et al., 2000)
Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
	gene   gene_with_edited_transcript (Graveley et al., 2011) nuclear_gene   protein_coding_gene
Interactions & Pathways
Summary of Physical Interactions
protein-protein
Interacting group Assay References
Acn - Aac11 two hybrid (Rigou et al., 2009) Acn - Bin1 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Acn - CG14005 anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Acn - CkIIβ anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23) Acn - RnpS1 experimental knowledge based, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting (Guruharsha et al., 2011, Mintseris et al., 2009.11.23)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
Interacts with	Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions Acn allele Gene References
External Data
Linkouts	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0263198
Orthologs
OrthoDB Orthologs (41) - based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 5.41
OrthoDB Ortholog Groups
	OrthoDB orthology group searches (Waterhouse et al., 2011, Nucleic Acids Res. 39(Database issue): D283--D288) Drosophila inclusive ortholog search EOG68D1F5 Dipteran inclusive ortholog search EOG61NTVH Insect inclusive ortholog search EOG64J1DN Arthropod inclusive ortholog search EOG6W9GKG Metazoa inclusive ortholog search EOG6Z0Q0C
Orthologs in Drosophila Species (EOG68D1F5)
Organism Common Name Gene AAA Syntenic Ortholog Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly  Dmel\Acn     Drosophila simulans   Dsim\GD24176     Drosophila sechellia   Dsec\GM17317     Drosophila erecta   Dere\GG21152     Drosophila yakuba   Dyak\GE13225     Drosophila ananassae   Dana\GF14693     Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura   Dpse\GA10336     Drosophila persimilis   Dper\GL18912     Drosophila willistoni   Dwil\GK24166     Drosophila virilis   Dvir\GJ11614     Drosophila mojavensis   Dmoj\GI13075     Drosophila grimshawi   Dgri\GH10892
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (EOG61NTVH)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL012111   Aedes aegypti Yellow fever mosquito  Aaeg\AAEL014071   Anopheles gambiae Malaria mosquito  Agam\AGAP009237   Culex quinquefasciatus Southern house mosquito  Cqui\CPIJ004841
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (EOG64J1DN)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Apis mellifera Western honey bee  Amel\LOC100578161   Nasonia vitripennis Parasitic wasp  Nvit\Nasvi2EG002862   Acromyrmex echinatior Panamanian leafcutter ant  Aech\AECH23723   Atta cephalotes Leafcutter ant  Acep\ACEP12686   Camponotus floridanus Florida carpenter ant  Cflo\CFLO20903   Harpegnathos saltator Jerdons jumping ant  Hsal\HSAL12519   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH16116   Linepithema humile Argentine ant  Lhum\LH16111   Pogonomyrmex barbatus Red harvester ant  Pbar\PB19882   Solenopsis invicta Red fire ant  Sinv\SINV15403   Acyrthosiphon pisum Pea aphid  Apim\ACYPI005631   Bombyx mori Silkmoth  Bmor\BGIBMGA006178   Pediculus humanus Human body louse  Phum\PHUM463890   Tribolium castaneum Red flour beetle  Tcas\TC014271
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (EOG6W9GKG)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Daphnia pulex Water flea  Dpux\JGI_V11_259237   Ixodes scapularis Deer tick  Isca\ISCW004423
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (EOG6Z0Q0C)
Organism Common Name Gene Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group Caenorhabditis elegans Nematode  Cele\acin-1   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_002939gn   Strongylocentrotus purpuratus Purple sea urchin  Spur\SPU_002578gn   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\acin1a   Danio rerio Zebrafish  Drer\acin1b   Xenopus tropicalis Western clawed frog  Xtro\acin1   Mus musculus House mouse  Mmus\Acin1   Rattus norvegicus Norway rat  Rnor\Acin1   Homo sapiens Human  Hsap\ACIN1
Human Orthologs (1)
Gene OMIM HGNC Hsap\ACIN1
AAA Orthologs (0) based on analysis using Dmel annotation version 4.3
No orthologs identified
Stocks & Reagents
Stocks Listed in FlyBase ( 5 )
Bloomington	6102 Acnfs1/CyO 3388 Acn1 pr1/CyO 22565 y1 w67c23; P{EPgy2}AcnEY22500
VDRC	v102407 P{KK111555}VIE-260B v16052 w1118; P{GD6985}v16052/TM3
Genomic Clones ( 2 )
	BACR04C20 BACR17A06 Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
cDNA Clones ( 150 )
	Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
cDNA Clones, Fully Sequenced
BDGP DGC clones	LD23757 LD46360
Other clones
cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
BDGP DGC clones	GH05151 GH06276 GH09978 GH09990 GH16575 GH18585 GH19310 GM08004 GM10841 GM24580 GM28925 LD04177 LD09401 LD17039 LD19804 LD23435 LD31813 LD34332 LD45196 LD45659 LD46783 RE14483 RE24571 RE25526 RE27133 RE30782 RE30905 RE31175 RE32501 RE34156 RE39473 RE40455 RE40482 RE40694 RE40781 RE41028 RE42004 RE42068 RE43784 RE45501 RE48480 RE49488 RE51388 RE53942 RE56478 RE60241 RE60409 RE61994 RE63636 RE68947 RE69312 RE70981 RE71624 RE71737 RE71746 RE73394 RE74755 RE75071 RH38537 RH44980 SD06632 SD07831 SD24147 SD27211
Other clones	31345 36903 44160 46140 52179 55229 56740 97733 101857 106876 122091 146762 153114 156398 158917 163141 164718 184321 214289.25 214343.26 214405.33 CK01.51D.D3 CK01.67B.A8 CK01.94B.G10 CK01.127D.G3 Dmel_neb_014060_0184_0898 EC38982 EK042014 EK054136 EK063205 EK073359 EK098520 EK104204 EK140251 EK148062 EK159418 EK167016 EK181846 EK199902 EK220245 EK228822 EK242122 EK256543 EK263623 EK267148 EK289441 EP11029 RM06671 RM06672 RM06771 RM06772 RM06871 RM06872 RM06971 RM06972 RM07071 RM07072 RM07171 RM07172 RM07272 RM07371 RM07372 RP01035 RP01110 RP01130 RP01435 RP001006629 RP001008288 RP001012206 RP001016632 RP001017221 RP001017711 RP001018124 RP001019005 RP001019907 RP001021284 RP001024296 RP001027031 RP001032011 RP001036743 RP001039844 RP001047406 UUGC0629 UUGC0634
RNAi & Array Information
Linkouts	GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 35173
Antibody Information
	polyclonal (Haberman et al., 2010)
Other Information
Discoverer
Etymology
	The gene is named based on its homology to mammalian "Acinus". (Haberman et al., 2010)
Identification
Relationship to Other Genes
Source for database identity of	Source for identity of: hkl CG10473 (Haberman, 2007.2.26)
Source for database merge of	Source for merge of: l(2)37Ba CG10473 (FlyBase, 1996-)
Additional comments
Other Comments
	Mutants show a mild reduction in eye colour and a reduction in trafficking of proteins to lysosomes. (Haberman and Krämer, 2007) Located between coordinates -72.3 and -68.1. (Stathakis et al., 1995) Variably late lethal; death occurs at larval l(2)37Ba<up>2</up>, or pupal <up>l(2)37Ba2, l(2)37Ba4, l(2)37Ba8, l(2)37Ba9</up> stage with pharate adults; l(2)37Ba2 produces some adults, which are male sterile or female sterile; l(2)37Ba4 produces many adults, which are male or female sterile; l(2)37Bafs1 is a normally viable, female-sterile allele. Melanotic tumors noted in l(2)37Ba4 and l(2)37Ba8; pharate adults display incompletely developed abdominal cuticle in l(2)37Ba2, l(2)37Ba4 and l(2)37Ba8 (Wright, 1987).
External Crossreferences & Linkouts
Sequence Crossreferences
	RefSeq (Transcripts) • NM_136091 NM_165273 NM_001273627 RefSeq (Proteins) • NP_609935 NP_724153 NP_001260556 DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank • AA820244 AAF53746 AAL39664 AAM50275 AAN11023 AGB93091 AI455367 AI544125 AW943840 AY069519 AY119621 Entrez Gene - A searchable database of RefSeq genes. • 35173 UniProtKB/TrEMBL • Q8MRH4 Q9VJ12
Other Crossreferences
	InterPro domains - A database of protein families, domains, and functional sites • Nucleotide-binding, alpha-beta plait (IPR012677) BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis • LD23757 LD46360
Linkouts
	DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions. • FBgn0263198 GenomeRNAi - GenomeRNAi – A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents • 35173
Synonyms & Secondary IDs ( 14 )
Reported As
Symbol Synonym	Acn   Ba (Thor and Thomas, 1997, Wright, 1996, McCrady and Tolin, 1994) CG10437 (Vernooy et al., 2000) CG10473 (Haberman, 2007.2.26, Laviolette et al., 2005, Molnar et al., 2006, Cakouros et al., 2008, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Herold et al., 2009, Rigou et al., 2009) dAcn (Haberman et al., 2010) dacn (Haberman et al., 2010) hkl (Ashton-Beaucage and Therrien, 2011, Haberman, 2007.2.26, Haberman and Krämer, 2007, Haberman et al., 2008, Herold et al., 2009, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21) l(2)37Ba (McCrady and Tolin, 1994, FlyBase, 1996-, Wright, 1987)
Name Synonym	Acinus (Murachelli et al., 2012) acinus (Haberman et al., 2010) CG10473   Drosophlia homolog of acinus (Haberman et al., 2010) Hook-like (Ye et al., 2010) hook-like (Haberman and Krämer, 2007, Haberman et al., 2008, Haberman et al., 2010) lethal (2) 37Ba
Secondary FlyBase IDs
	FBgn0002020 FBgn0032745 FBgn0086441 FBgn0262596
References ( 44 )
Generate a list of	All references relating to this gene ( 44 )
List References by type	Research paper  ( 21 ) Supplementary material  ( 6 ) Review  ( 1 ) Personal communication to FlyBase  ( 8 ) Abstract  ( 2 ) FlyBase analysis  ( 2 ) Stock list  ( 1 ) Website  ( 1 ) Book  ( 1 ) Curated genome annotation  ( 1 )
Recent research papers ( 3 )
	Krauchunas et al., 2012, Dev. Biol. 370(1): 125--134 Protein phosphorylation changes reveal new candidates in the regulation of egg activation and early embryogenesis in D. melanogaster. [FBrf0219342] Murachelli et al., 2012, Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 19(4): 378--386 The structure of the ASAP core complex reveals the existence of a Pinin-containing PSAP complex. [FBrf0218368] Ashton-Beaucage and Therrien, 2011, Fly 5(3): 224--233 The exon junction complex: A splicing factor for long intron containing transcripts? [FBrf0214715] Show all research papers ...
Recent reviews (0)
	All reviews listed in FlyBase were published before 2011 Show reviews ...