FB2022_02, released March 29, 2022

Gene: Dmel\ab

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\ab
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
abrupt
Annotation Symbol
CG43860
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0264442
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
29 publicly available
Gene Summary
abrupt (ab) encodes a transcription factor that negatively regulates ecdysone signaling, as it binds to the product of tai. It regulates animal survival, organogenesis and multiple tissue morphogenesis, epithelial cell fate, cellular sexual identity, neuron differentiation and neuronal identity switch, cell migration, oncogenesis and germline differentiation. In many cell types, the product of ab is post-transcriptionally repressed by the steroid-induced miRNA let-7. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

clu, clueless

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
32E2-32E2
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-44
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:11210678..11261080
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (13 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity
non-traceable author statement
(assigned by UniProt )
(Hu et al., 1995)
Biological Process (11 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (8 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in border follicle cell migration
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Jang et al., 2009)
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Li et al., 2004, Sugimura et al., 2004)
involved_in muscle attachment
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Hu et al., 1995)
involved_in mushroom body development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kucherenko et al., 2012)
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Hattori et al., 2007)
involved_in sensory organ development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Hu et al., 1995)
involved_in synaptic target recognition
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Hu et al., 1995)
involved_in wing disc development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Simoes da Silva et al., 2019)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in axon choice point recognition
traceable author statement
(Chiba, 1999)
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001135010
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
non-traceable author statement
(assigned by UniProt )
(Hu et al., 1995)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Hu et al., 1995)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001135010
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
located_in nucleus
non-traceable author statement
(Hu et al., 1995)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
abrupt (ab) encodes a transcription factor that negatively regulates ecdysone signaling, as it binds to the product of tai. It regulates animal survival, organogenesis and multiple tissue morphogenesis, epithelial cell fate, cellular sexual identity, neuron differentiation and neuronal identity switch, cell migration, oncogenesis and germline differentiation. In many cell types, the product of ab is post-transcriptionally repressed by the steroid-induced miRNA let-7. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
C2H2 ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
Zinc finger C2H2 transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. They possess DNA-binding domains that are formed from repeated Cys2His2 zinc finger motifs. (Adapted from PMID:1835093, FBrf0220103 and FBrf0155739).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Expression is vital for development; may be involved in transcriptional regulation. In embryos, muscle specific expression is required for segmental nerve b (SNb) motoneuron target recognition within ventral longitudinal muscles. Has a role in establishing and maintaining embryonic muscle attachments, adult sensory cell formation (macrochaetae) and morphogenesis of adult appendages (legs, antenna aristae and male external genitalia). Has a role in the morphogenesis of the class I dendritic neurons: selective expression of ab in class I da neurons plays a pivotal role in forming dendritic arbors, which are characteristic of the class I cells. The development of more complex arbors of class II-IV neurons depends on the absence of ab.
(UniProt, Q24174)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
ab: abrupt
thumb
ab: abrupt
Edith M. Wallace, unpublished.
Vein L5 usually stops after posterior crossvein. Scutellar bristles usually fewer. Wing effect probably acts during contraction period (Waddington). Overlaps wild type. Expression more severe in females than in males and when pupal stage takes place at 20 than at 25. TSP during the first 10% of pupal stage. (Thompson, Bruni, Carbonaro, and Russo, 1988, DIS 67: 86). RK2.
ab2
Vein L5 does not reach margin. Scutellar bristles always fewer than wild type. Hairs parted down midline of thorax and abdomen. Supra-alar bristles sometimes absent. Coxae tend to be thickened. Males sterile and have rotated genitalia. ab/ab2 resembles ab/ab but has a stronger bristle effect. RK2.
Summary (Interactive Fly)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
5
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\ab for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure New Section
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q24174)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
gene
(Grieder et al., 2007)
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
ab-RA
FBtr0332558
NM_057214
5164
904
ab-RB
FBtr0332557
NM_001169481
4840
894
ab-RD
FBtr0332560
NM_057215
4888
894
ab-RE
FBtr0332561
NM_001273449
4269
899
ab-RF
FBtr0332562
NM_001273450
4490
894
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

5.1 (northern blot)

(Hu et al., 1995)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
ab-PA
FBpp0304816
95.1
904
6.28
NP_476562
AAF53087
ab-PB
FBpp0304815
94.0
894
6.17
NP_001162952
ACZ94239
ab-PD
FBpp0304818
94.0
894
6.17
NP_476563
AAN10774
ab-PE
FBpp0304819
97.3
899
7.23
NP_001260378
AGB92913
ab-PF
FBpp0304820
94.0
894
6.17
NP_001260379
AGB92914
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

894 aa isoforms: ab-PB, ab-PD, ab-PF
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

904, 894 (aa)

(Hu et al., 1995)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\ab using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic stomatogastric nervous system
(Hu et al., 1995)
VUM precursor
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 9 -- 17
ventral midline of embryo
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 11 -- 17
epidermis
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 14 -- 17
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Hu et al., 1995)
larval stage
eye-antennal disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
imaginal disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
wing disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
foregut anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
foregut anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
mesectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
foregut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
mesectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
dorsal epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
midline primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
somatic muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visceral muscle primordium

Comment: reported as muscle system primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
stomatogastric nervous system primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 14
embryonic abdomen | segmentally repeated
(Preger-Ben Noon et al., 2016)
embryonic thorax | segmentally repeated
(Preger-Ben Noon et al., 2016)
embryonic head | restricted
(Preger-Ben Noon et al., 2016)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic dorsal epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stomatogastric nervous system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic ventral epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral midline of embryo
(Fisher et al., 2012)
wandering third instar larval stage
presumptive wing vein L5
(Cook et al., 2004)
Additional Descriptive Data

ab is expressed in all the cells of the ventral midline starting in stage 9. The only other site of nervous system expression is the stomatogastric nervous system and its precursors. Epidermal expression begins in stage 11 in a pattern of stripes and is uniform by stage 12. ab is expressed in all 30 embryonic abdominal muscles with the highest concentrations in the ventral longitudinal, ventral oblique, and segmental border muscles. ab is also expressed in all imaginal discs.

(Hu et al., 1995)
Marker for
 
presumptive wing vein L5
(Cook et al., 2004)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic stomatogastric nervous system
(Hu et al., 1995)
VUM precursor
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 14 -- 17
embryonic/larval muscle system
(Hu et al., 1995)
larval stage
wing disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic stomatogastric nervous system
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 9 -- 17
ventral midline of embryo
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 11 -- 17
epidermis
(Hu et al., 1995)
larval stage
imaginal disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
eye-antennal disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
third instar larval stage
calyx of larval mushroom body | restricted
(Kucherenko et al., 2012)
gamma Kenyon cell
(Kucherenko et al., 2012)
larval multidendritic class I neuron
(Bagley et al., 2014)
prepupal stage P1
alpha'/beta' Kenyon cell

Comment: 0h APF

(Kucherenko et al., 2012)
pharate adult stage P8
calyx of adult mushroom body | restricted

Comment: 48h APF

(Kucherenko et al., 2012)
pharate adult stage P13
calyx of adult mushroom body | restricted

Comment: 80h APF

(Kucherenko et al., 2012)
oogenesis
follicle cell
(Jang et al., 2009)
oocyte
(Jang et al., 2009)
Additional Descriptive Data

ab is widely expressed in somatic and germline cells during oogenesis. During stage S9, the accumulation of protein in the nucleus decreases specifically in border cells. The ab antibody also stains the apical surfaces of follicle cells, the oocyte cortex, and ring canals.

(Jang et al., 2009)

ab is expressed in all the cells of the ventral midline starting in stage 9. The only other site of nervous system expression is the stomatogastric nervous system and its precursors. Epidermal expression begins in stage 11 in a pattern of stripes and is uniform by stage 12. ab is expressed in all 30 embryonic abdominal muscles with the highest concentrations in the ventral longitudinal, ventral oblique, and segmental border muscles. ab is also expressed in all imaginal discs.

(Hu et al., 1995)
Marker for
 
larval multidendritic class I neuron
(Bagley et al., 2014)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Hu et al., 1995)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{A92}abBL97
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
embryonic stomatogastric nervous system
(Hu et al., 1995)
VUM precursor
(Hu et al., 1995)
imaginal disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
eye-antennal disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage
embryonic stomatogastric nervous system
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 9 -- 17
ventral midline of embryo
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 11 -- 17
epidermis
(Hu et al., 1995)
wing disc
(Hu et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{lwB}ab94
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
stomatogastric nervous system
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 9 -- 13
VUM precursor
(Hu et al., 1995)
ventral midline of embryo | precursor
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 10
esophagus primordium | uniform
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
labral segment

Comment: homogeneously distributed

(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic stage 10 -- 11
precursor cell of the stomatogastric nervous system | presumptive
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic stage 10 -- 15
precursor cell of the stomatogastric nervous system
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic stage 11
precursor cell of the stomatogastric nervous system
(Hu et al., 1995)
epidermis | segmentally repeated
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 12
epidermis | uniform
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 12 -- 15
rostral vesicle of iSNSP
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
caudal vesicle of iSNSP
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
invaginating stomatogastric nervous system precursor
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
intermediate vesicle of iSNSP
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic stage 14
ventral midline of embryo
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 15 -- 16
embryonic hypocerebral ganglion
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic proventricular ganglion
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic frontal ganglion
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
paraesophageal ganglion
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic/larval hypocerebral ganglion
(Hartenstein et al., 1994)
embryonic stage 17
visceral muscle fiber
(Hu et al., 1995)
larval stage
eye-antennal disc | restricted
(Hu et al., 1995)
wing disc | restricted
(Hu et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 10 -- 17
invaginating stomatogastric nervous system precursor
(Hartenstein et al., 1996)
embryonic stage 11 -- 17
embryonic epidermis
(Tepass and Knust, 1993)
intermediate vesicle of iSNSP
(Hartenstein et al., 1996)
caudal vesicle of iSNSP
(Hartenstein et al., 1996)
rostral vesicle of iSNSP
(Hartenstein et al., 1996)
Reporter: PBac{810.P.FSVS-2}abCPTI004479
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult mushroom body | restricted
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
adult brain cell body rind
(Knowles-Barley, 2011.8.24)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\ab in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 39 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 18 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of ab
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of ab
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 7 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal | male limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal | male limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage
lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage (with abclu-1)
lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage (with abk02807)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive
lethal - all die during embryonic stage
lethal - all die during larval stage (with abclu-1)
lethal - all die during larval stage (with abk02807)
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal - majority die | recessive
viable
viable (with ab1)
viable (with ab26)
viable (with abclu-1)
Sterility
Allele
fertile
male sterile | recessive
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal neuroanatomy
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL421-7
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80, Scer\GAL4IG1-2
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4let7C
abnormal neuroanatomy (with abclu-1)
abnormal neuroanatomy (with abk02807)
abnormal neuroanatomy | semidominant
abnormal neuroanatomy | somatic clone
abnormal size, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
some die during embryonic stage
some die during first instar larval stage
some die during first instar larval stage (with abclu-1)
some die during first instar larval stage (with abk02807)
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
some die during pupal stage | recessive
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
visible | dominant
visible | female limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
visible | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
visible | recessive
visible | recessive | cold sensitive
wild-type
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
abdominal posterior ventral multidendritic neuron vdap
abdominal posterior ventral multidendritic neuron vdap, with Scer\GAL4221
abdominal posterior ventral multidendritic neuron vdap (with abclu-1)
abdominal posterior ventral multidendritic neuron vdap (with abk02807)
arista, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
autophagic vacuole & larval fat body | somatic clone | cell autonomous
bipolar dendrite neuron | somatic clone
border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4c306
border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6
campaniform sensillum of anterior crossvein
campaniform sensillum of dorsal radius
campaniform sensillum of dorsal radius (with ab1)
campaniform sensillum of dorsal radius (with ab1D)
campaniform sensillum of dorsal radius (with ab60M)
campaniform sensillum of dorsal radius (with abG9)
coxa
dendritic arborizing neuron | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL421-7
dendritic tree | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL421-7
dorsal row of double row of wing sensilla
embryonic/larval hemocyte | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4Pxn.PS
female germline cell | somatic clone | increased number, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
germline cell | increased number | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B
larval abdominal segmental nerve
larval abdominal transverse nerve
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaA, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80, Scer\GAL4IG1-2
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaB, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80, Scer\GAL4IG1-2
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC, with Scer\GAL4109(2)80, Scer\GAL4IG1-2
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC, with Scer\GAL4477
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaD
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaD | somatic clone
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE, with Scer\GAL4221
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE (with ab1)
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE (with ab26)
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE (with abclu-1)
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE (with abk02807)
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaE | somatic clone
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaF | somatic clone
larval transverse nerve
leg
leg, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
leg (with ab1)
leg (with ab1D)
leg (with ab60M)
leg (with abG9)
lobe system of adult mushroom body, with Scer\GAL4let7C
lobe system of adult mushroom body | somatic clone
lysosome & larval fat body | somatic clone | cell autonomous
macrochaeta, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
macrochaeta & wing
macrochaeta & wing (with ab1)
macrochaeta & wing (with ab1D)
macrochaeta & wing (with ab60M)
macrochaeta & wing (with abG9)
macrochaeta | increased number, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
male genitalia
male genitalia (with ab1)
male genitalia (with ab1D)
male genitalia (with ab60M)
male genitalia (with abG9)
mechanosensory ventral triple row bristle
medial row of triple row of wing sensilla
microchaeta & abdomen
microchaeta & thorax
mitochondrion & larval fat body | somatic clone | cell autonomous
muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal oblique muscle 5
muscle cell of abdominal 2 lateral oblique muscle 1
muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal oblique muscle 5
muscle cell of abdominal 3 lateral oblique muscle 1
muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal oblique muscle 5
muscle cell of abdominal 4 lateral oblique muscle 1
muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal oblique muscle 5
muscle cell of abdominal 5 lateral oblique muscle 1
muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal oblique muscle 5
muscle cell of abdominal 6 lateral oblique muscle 1
muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 3
muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal oblique muscle 5
muscle cell of abdominal 7 lateral oblique muscle 1
posterior crossvein
posterior scutellar bristle
scutellar bristle
supraalar bristle
ventral row of double row of wing sensilla
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing | female limited, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing | female limited | cold sensitive, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing | posterior, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing vein (with ab1)
wing vein (with ab1D)
wing vein (with ab60M)
wing vein (with ab94)
wing vein (with abG9)
wing vein | cell non-autonomous | ectopic | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Ubx.PdC
wing vein L5
wing vein L5 (with ab1)
wing vein L5 (with abclu-1)
wing vein L5 | cold sensitive
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (9)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\BTBD18
2 of 15
Yes
No
Hsap\ZBTB12
2 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\ZBTB37
2 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\ZBTB6
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZBTB9
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZBTB22
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZBTB26
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZBTB34
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZBTB43
1 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (12)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Zbtb37
2 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Btbd18
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb6
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb7a
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb7b
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb12
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb20
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb22
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb26
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb34
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb43
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zbtb45
1 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (9)
Rnor\Btbd18
1 of 13
Yes
No
Rnor\Hic2
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Zbtb7a
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Zbtb9
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Zbtb20
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Zbtb22
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Zbtb34
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Zbtb37
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Zbtb43
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)
Xtro\btbd18
1 of 12
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (6)
Drer\btbd18
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\zbtb20
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\zbtb22a
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\zbtb22b
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\zbtb34
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\zbtb37
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
Cele\F10B5.3
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\R09A1.2
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
No records found.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
No records found.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
No records found.
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (24)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
bab1
3 of 10
bab2
3 of 10
CG3726
3 of 10
CG6118
3 of 10
CG8924
3 of 10
CG32121
3 of 10
CG34376
3 of 10
fru
3 of 10
mamo
3 of 10
br
2 of 10
BtbVII
2 of 10
CG6765
2 of 10
CG12236
2 of 10
chinmo
2 of 10
lolal
2 of 10
lola
2 of 10
lov
2 of 10
mod(mdg4)
2 of 10
psq
2 of 10
rib
2 of 10
Trl
2 of 10
ttk
2 of 10
CG1812
1 of 10
CG15812
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Model Summary Ribbon
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
Functional Complementation Data
Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
Interactions
Summary of Physical Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
Select Layout:
Legend:
Protein
RNA
Selected Interactor(s)
Interactions Browser
View in Interactions Browser
Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
RNA-RNA
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
ab - mir-let7
luminiscence technology, immunohistochemistry
(Kucherenko et al., 2012, Burgler and Macdonald, 2005)
protein-protein
Physical Interaction
Assay
References
ab - BtbVII
two hybrid array
(Shokri et al., 2019)
ab - Ubx
bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
(Bischof et al., 2018)
ab - abd-A
bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy
(Bischof et al., 2018)
ab - br
two hybrid array
(Shokri et al., 2019)
ab - tai
pull down, autoradiography, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
(Jang et al., 2009)
Summary of Genetic Interactions
esyN Network Diagram
esyN Network Key:
Suppression
Enhancement
View in Interactions Browser
Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
ab
enhanceable
bi
(Cook et al., 2004)
ab
suppressible
ct
(Sugimura et al., 2004)
Starting gene(s)
Interaction type
Interacting gene(s)
Reference
ct
suppressible
ab
(Li et al., 2004, Sugimura et al., 2004)
EcR
suppressible
ab
(Jang et al., 2009)
kn
suppressible
ab
(Hattori et al., 2007)
mir-let7|mir-125
suppressible
ab
(Caygill and Johnston, 2008)
N
enhanceable
ab
(Thompson et al., 1988)
Snr1
enhanceable
ab
(Marenda et al., 2004)
External Data
Linkouts
DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
Pathways
Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
Metabolic Pathways
External Data
Linkouts
Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
Chromosome (arm)
2L
Recombination map
2-44
Cytogenetic map
32E2-32E2
Sequence location
FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Evidence for location
32E2-32E2
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(2)0400804008&P{PZ}cmet04431 and P{PZ}salm03602
Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
Cytogenetic map
Notes
References
32E1-32E2
Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(2)0400804008&P{PZ}cmet04431 and P{PZ}salm03602
(Grieder et al., 2007)
32E1-32E2
(Crews, 1995.12.20, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
Location

2-44

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-37.9

(Comeron et al., 2012)

2-44.0

(Edmondson, 1952)
Left of (cM)
Right of (cM)
Notes
Stocks and Reagents
Stocks (29)
Genomic Clones (37)
cDNA Clones (92)
 

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced
BDGP DGC clones
Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    polyclonal

    (Hu et al., 1995)
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
    Other Information
    Relationship to Other Genes
    Source for database identify of

    Source for identity of: ab CG4807

    (Zhong, 1999.11)
    Source for database merge of

    Source for merge of: ab B2149

    (Grieder et al., 2007)

    Source for merge of: ab CG32830

    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012)
    Additional comments

    Annotations CG4807 and CG32830 merged as CG43860 in release 5.45 of the genome annotation. Merge supported by second tier modENCODE RNA-seq junction (FBrf0217580).

    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012)
    Other Comments

    ab is a repressor of ecdysone signalling and border follicle cell migration.

    (Jang et al., 2009)

    dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. ab RNAi causes an increase in dendrite arborization of ddaD and ddaE neurons. There is an increase in the number and length of lateral branches, which results in an expansion of the coverage field, most noticeably along the anteroposterior (AP) axis. In addition to these defects,ab RNAi also causes frequent cell death, defects in muscle, alterations in the number of MD neurons, defects in dendrite morphogenesis and reproducible defects in da dendrite development.

    (Parrish et al., 2006)

    New annotation (CG32830) in release 3 of the genome annotation.

    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

    P-element excision and γ ray induced lethal mutations of the enhancer trap BL97 fail to complement ab.

    (Hu et al., 1995)

    ab encodes a BTB-zinc finger regulatory protein that controls the specificity of neuromuscular connections.

    (Hu et al., 1995)

    Loss of vein mutations cause suppression of rhohs.PSt ectopic vein phenotype and enhancement of the rhove-1 loss of vein phenotype.

    (Sturtevant and Bier, 1995)

    Identification: Mutations affecting neuromuscular connectivity, using an antibody to Fas2.

    (van Vactor et al., 1993)

    Mutations in ab affect individual longitudinal veins: vein specific effects.

    (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990)

    kni, tg, tt, ab, cv, cv-2, cv-c and cv-d belong to the radius incompletus phenotypic group within the 'lack-of-vein' mutant class. Loss-of-function alleles at these loci remove stretches of veins in two or more longitudinal veins. Double mutants of this group have additive phenotypes suggesting the genes are vein-specific, and small lanceolate wings. Therefore involved in whole vein-region specification rather than vein differentiation. ab alleles may have pleiotropic effects on leg development or be embryonic lethal.

    (Diaz-Benjumea et al., 1989)

    Loss of function is lethal, with effects on connectivity of segmental nerves; hypomorphic alleles affect the development of wing veins, especially wing vein L5, with effects in coxa, male genitalia and bristles.

    Origin and Etymology
    Discoverer

    Bridges, 16th Oct. 1916.

    Etymology
    Identification
    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 65 )
    Sequence Crossreferences
    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
    UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    Other crossreferences
    AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
    DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
    MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
    Linkouts
    ApoDroso - Functional genomic database for photoreceptor development, survival and function
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
    Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)
    Reported As
    Symbol Synonym
    Ab
    (Finger et al., 2021, Yasugi and Nishimura, 2016, Turkel et al., 2015, Nose, 2012, Tan et al., 2012, Shimono et al., 2009)
    B2149
    CG32830
    CG43860
    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012)
    CG4807
    (Lee et al., 2013, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Stofanko et al., 2008, Grieder et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Molnar et al., 2006, Whitfield, 2001.10.8)
    ab
    (DeAngelis et al., 2021, Ing-Simmons et al., 2021, Ma et al., 2021, Winbush and Singh, 2021, Xie et al., 2021, Chougule et al., 2020, Yoong et al., 2020, Shih et al., 2019, Shokri et al., 2019, Simoes da Silva et al., 2019, Bischof et al., 2018, Croset et al., 2018, Kittelmann et al., 2018, Aw et al., 2017, Karaiskos et al., 2017, Simoes da Silva et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Ravisankar et al., 2016, Diao et al., 2015, Nadimpalli et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2015, Yalgin et al., 2015, Bagley et al., 2014, Curtis et al., 2013, Djiane et al., 2013, Sen et al., 2013, FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Kucherenko et al., 2012, Spokony and White, 2012.5.22, Tan et al., 2012, König et al., 2011, Pilgram et al., 2011, Cunha et al., 2010, Arsham and Neufeld, 2009, Long et al., 2009, Caygill and Johnston, 2008, Caygill and Johnston, 2008, Christensen and Cook, 2008.4.15, Cook et al., 2008, Franciscovich et al., 2008, Christensen and Cook, 2007.10.29, Grieder et al., 2007, Hattori et al., 2007, Komiyama and Luo, 2007, Minidorff et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Spokony and Restifo, 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Christensen and Cook, 2006.12.5, Cook, 2006.6.12, Crews and Brenman, 2006, Dorner et al., 2006, Kim et al., 2006, Molnar et al., 2006, Zhang et al., 2006, Burgler and Macdonald, 2005, Stark et al., 2005, Brodsky et al., 2004, Li et al., 2004, Sugimura et al., 2004)
    abrupt
    (Valenzuela et al., 2020)
    clu
    (Caygill and Johnston, 2008, Bate and Broadie, 1995, Seeger, 1994, van Vactor et al., 1993)
    l(2)k02807
    ptd
    Name Synonyms
    Abrupt
    (Song and Zhou, 2020, Richardson and Portela, 2018, Faunes and Larraín, 2016, Saadin and Starz-Gaiano, 2016, Turkel et al., 2015, Hattori et al., 2013, Puram and Bonni, 2013, Nose, 2012, Tan et al., 2012, Bonchuk et al., 2011, Jang et al., 2009, Long et al., 2009, Shimono et al., 2009, Hattori et al., 2007, Parrish et al., 2006)
    abrupt
    (Ravisankar et al., 2016, Doggett et al., 2015, Iyer et al., 2013, Bejarano et al., 2012, Nose, 2012, Sharma et al., 2011, Caygill and Johnston, 2008, Caygill and Johnston, 2008, Cook et al., 2008, Grieder et al., 2007, Parrish et al., 2007, Sahota et al., 2007, Spokony and Restifo, 2007, Crews and Brenman, 2006, Li et al., 2004, Sugimura et al., 2004)
    clueless
    (Caygill and Johnston, 2008, Broadie et al., 1993, Goodman and Doe, 1993, Wilson, 1993)
    parted
    Secondary FlyBase IDs
    • FBgn0259750
    • FBgn0259599
    • FBgn0000011
    • FBgn0013436
    • FBgn0022233
    • FBgn0052830
    Datasets (8)
    Study focus (0)
    Experimental Role
    Project
    Project Type
    Title
    Study result (8)
    Result
    Result Type
    Title
    scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_NI_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of hemocytes from non-infested third instar larvae
    scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_WI_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of hemocytes from wasp-infested third instar larvae
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI72LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 72 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_WI96LG_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from wasp-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96HL_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying
    scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120HL_seq_clustering
    Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying
    References (187)