FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Ten-a
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Ten-a
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Tenascin accessory
Annotation Symbol
CG42338
Feature Type
FlyBase ID
FBgn0267001
Gene Model Status
Stock Availability
Gene Summary
Tenascin accessory (Ten-a) encodes a type II dimeric transmembrane protein with a extracellular domain that mediates homophilic interactions with itself and with the product of Ten-m. It also interacts intracellularly with cytoskeleton regulatory proteins. It regulates axon guidance in embryonic nervous system, synaptic partner matching as well as synaptic organization in olfactory and neuromuscular systems. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
Also Known As

tena, cbd, Teneurin, Dmtena, tenA

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-38
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:12043698..12335214
Sequence
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (26 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:O61307
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (16 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (15 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from mutant phenotype
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000131583
Cellular Component (7 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from sequence or structural similarity
inferred from sequence model
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the tenascin family. Teneurin subfamily. (Q9VYN8)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
Tenascin accessory (Ten-a) encodes a type II dimeric transmembrane protein with a extracellular domain that mediates homophilic interactions with itself and with the product of Ten-m. It also interacts intracellularly with cytoskeleton regulatory proteins. It regulates axon guidance in embryonic nervous system, synaptic partner matching as well as synaptic organization in olfactory and neuromuscular systems. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-21]
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Involved in neural development, regulating the establishment of proper connectivity within the nervous system. Acts as a homophilic and heterophilic synaptic cell adhesion molecule that drives synapse assembly. Promotes bi-directional trans-synaptic signaling with ten-m to organize neuromuscular synapses.
(UniProt, Q9VYN8)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
cbd: central body defect (J.C. Hall)
Entire central complex of brain (with exception of protocerebral bridge) dissociated into two fiber masses of variable shape; some of dorsal brain's mushroom body lobes reduced in size; inter-hemispheric commissure of brain reduced in size (in white pupae); abnormal learning in adult and larvae tests using olfactory stimuli; subnormal locomotor activity.
Summary (Interactive Fly)

transmembrane partner of Tenascin major acting in synapse assembly at the neuromuscular junction - synaptic partner matching in olfactory system - regulates fusion of central complex primordia and eye patterning

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
11
Number of Unique Polypeptides
5

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Ten-a for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VYN8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Gene model reviewed during 5.42

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Shares 5' exon(s) with upstream non-coding gene; shared promoter (one isoform only of this gene).

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
FBtr0299858
10194
3004
FBtr0299859
12059
3378
FBtr0299860
12764
3004
FBtr0300201
9993
2902
FBtr0300203
13035
3004
FBtr0308221
11008
3004
FBtr0308222
11041
3013
FBtr0308223
11053
3013
FBtr0310078
13957
3004
FBtr0346129
15135
3387
FBtr0346335
12169
3378
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
FBpp0289136
327.4
3004
6.62
FBpp0289137
367.2
3378
6.57
FBpp0289138
327.4
3004
6.62
FBpp0289438
317.8
2902
6.55
FBpp0289440
327.4
3004
6.62
FBpp0300541
327.4
3004
6.62
FBpp0300542
328.5
3013
6.62
FBpp0300543
328.5
3013
6.62
FBpp0301779
327.4
3004
6.62
FBpp0311958
368.3
3387
6.57
FBpp0312052
367.2
3378
6.57
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

3378 aa isoforms: Ten-a-PE, Ten-a-PP
3013 aa isoforms: Ten-a-PL, Ten-a-PM
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer. Heterodimer with Ten-m; the interaction occurs at the neuromuscular junction.

(UniProt, Q9VYN8)
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Ten-a using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.70

Transcript Expression
single cell RNA-seq
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval ventral nerve cord commissure

Comment: expression more pronounced in posterior commissure

mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
Additional Descriptive Data

At neuromuscular synapses, Ten-a is associated with presynaptic membranes, where it has limited colocalization with Fas2 and brp.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
inferred from mutant phenotype
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
inferred from direct assay
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Ten-a in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 37 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Ten-a
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Ten-a
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 10 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
Sterility
Allele
Other Phenotypes
Allele
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (46)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
No
No
12 of 14
No
No
12 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
0  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
2  
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (23)
12 of 14
Yes
No
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
Yes
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (26)
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
12 of 14
No
No
12 of 14
No
No
12 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (29)
6 of 13
Yes
No
5 of 13
No
No
4 of 13
No
No
4 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
Yes
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (35)
12 of 14
Yes
No
12 of 14
Yes
No
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
11 of 14
No
No
11 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
2 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (26)
12 of 14
Yes
No
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
2 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
Yes
1 of 14
No
No
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (17)
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
1 of 13
Yes
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)
1 of 11
Yes
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Ten-a. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (24)
12 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers

    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Homodimer. Heterodimer with Ten-m; the interaction occurs at the neuromuscular junction.
    (UniProt, Q9VYN8 )
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    X
    Recombination map
    1-38
    Cytogenetic map
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    11A2-11A8
    ; Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1451&P{EP}EP1629 and P{EP}CG11138EP1313
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    11A6-11A9
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (23)
    Genomic Clones (104)
    cDNA Clones (27)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Cell Line Information
    Publicly Available Cell Lines
     
      Other Stable Cell Lines
       
        Other Comments

        Ten-a instructs synaptic partner matching of projection neuron dendrites to the appropriate olfactory receptor neuron axon through homophilic attraction.

        A recently produced deletion of Ten-a that removes the entire gene does not lead to lethality. The lethality and pair-rule roles reported for Ten-a mutants in FBrf0204395 therefore cannot be attributed to Ten-a, but to second site mutations.

        RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.

        dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

        Variation of a microsatellite within the Ten-a locus has been studied in North American populations of D.melanogaster.

        Mutations causing structural defects in the adult central complex also alter larval behavioural phenotypes.

        Ten-a has been cloned and characterised.

        Behavioural and anatomical studies demonstrate that central brain lesions can be interpreted behaviourally.

        Some alleles show abnormal position and internal structure of optic lobes.

        Relationship to Other Genes
        Source for database merge of

        Source for merge of: Ten-a CG12720 CG15733

        Source for merge of: Ten-a CG2590 CG18182

        Source for merge of: Ten-a CG15733 CG12720

        Source for merge of: Ten-a cbd

        Additional comments

        Annotations CG32659, CG12720 and CG15733 merged as CG42338 in release 5.9 of the genome annotation.

        Annotations CG11270, CG2590, CG18182 and CG2578 merged as CG32659 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

        Nomenclature History
        Source for database identify of
        Nomenclature comments

        FlyBase curator comment: Although 'cbd' has precedence over 'Ten-a' as the symbol first used for this gene, 'Ten-a' has been retained as the FlyBase symbol (following the merge of two Gene Reports) owing to the larger body of literature using 'Ten-a', and with the agreement of authors L. Liu and M. Heisenberg.

        Etymology
        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (25)
        Reported As
        Symbol Synonym
        CG11270
        CG18182
        Ten11A
        Name Synonyms
        CG12720
        CG15733
        Tenascin accessory
        Teneurin-a
        central body defect
        central-body-defect
        tenascin-like molecule accessory
        Secondary FlyBase IDs
        • FBgn0000266
        • FBgn0259240
        • FBgn0004446
        • FBgn0026800
        • FBgn0026801
        • FBgn0030381
        • FBgn0030382
        • FBgn0030383
        • FBgn0030379
        • FBgn0030378
        Datasets (0)
        Study focus (0)
        Experimental Role
        Project
        Project Type
        Title
        Study result (0)
        Result
        Result Type
        Title
        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 138 )
        Sequence Crossreferences
        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
        UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
        Other crossreferences
        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
        Linkouts
        Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
        DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
        Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
        Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
        Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
        MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
        References (147)