FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\CG46385
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\CG46385
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Annotation Symbol
CG46385
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0286778
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
21 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
polynucleotide adenylyltransferase (2.7.7.19)
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
43E13-43E16
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-57
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:7737019..7782637
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (4 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables poly(A) RNA polymerase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN004396453
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR012937
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q5VWP2
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in mRNA stabilization
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN004396453
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:Q5VWP2
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in nucleoplasm
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
poly(A) RNA polymerase activity
RNA(n) + ATP = RNA(n)-3'-adenine ribonucleotide + diphosphate (2.7.7.19)
RHEA 11332:
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
POLY(A) POLYMERASES -
Poly(A) polymerases (PAPs) catalyze the addition of nontemplated adenylyl residues to the 3' ends of RNA substrates. In eukaryotes, canonical PAPs polyadenylate mRNAs prior to export from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, which is required for the stabilization, export and efficient translation of transcripts. In contrast, non-canonical PAPs add poly(A) tails to a different types of RNAs to stimulate their degradation - similar to the function of bacterial poly(A) tails. PAPs therefore play crucial and diverse roles in the regulation of gene expression. (Adapted from PMID:21956911.)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
6
Number of Unique Polypeptides
5

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\CG46385 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry A0A4P7VA97)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Stop-codon suppression (UGA) postulated; FBrf0234051.

Gene model reviewed during 6.25

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
CG46385-RA
FBtr0474224
NM_136477
5129
877
CG46385-RB
FBtr0474225
NM_165555
4996
560
CG46385-RC
FBtr0474226
NM_001273862
5320
529
CG46385-RD
FBtr0474227
NM_165556
2978
529
CG46385-RE
FBtr0474228
NM_001370031
5129
1107
CG46385-RF
FBtr0474229
NM_001370032
4996
790
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
CG46385-PA
FBpp0423177
96.5
877
8.97
A1Z743
AAF59197
CG46385-PB
FBpp0423178
63.0
560
6.24
Q8SXN9
AAF59198
CG46385-PC
FBpp0423179
59.3
529
5.91
A1Z745
AGB93324
CG46385-PD
FBpp0423180
59.3
529
5.91
A1Z745
AAN16139
CG46385-PE
FBpp0423181
121.6
1107
8.67
QCD26195
CG46385-PF
FBpp0423182
88.0
790
6.54
QCD26196
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

529 aa isoforms: CG46385-PC, CG46385-PD
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\CG46385 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

0.63

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism | ubiquitous

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 10 -- 13
salivary gland body primordium
(Maruyama et al., 2011)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic neuroblast of ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
garland cell primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
procrystal cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
salivary gland body primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic dorsal epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic ventral epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval garland cell
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic/larval salivary gland
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 17
embryonic/larval salivary gland
(Maruyama et al., 2011)
embryonic stage 15
tracheal fusion cell
(Chandran et al., 2014)
embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk
(Chandran et al., 2014)
Additional Descriptive Data

CG46385 is expressed in embryonic salivary glands and the expression is decreased in fkh mutants.

(Maruyama et al., 2011)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in nucleoplasm
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\CG46385 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 47 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of CG46385
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of CG46385
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(2R)Exel6054
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Gene partially disrupted in
Df(2R)cn-W1
(Watanabe et al., 2009)
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (4)
Hsap\TENT5C
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\TENT5A
8 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TENT5B
7 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TENT5D
7 of 14
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
Rnor\Tent5c
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Tent5a
8 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tent5b
7 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tent5d
7 of 14
No
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
Mmus\Tent5c
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Tent5a
8 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tent5b
7 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tent5d
7 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\tent5c
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\tent5b
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\tent5a
4 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\tent5d
4 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
Drer\tent5c
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\tent5aa
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tent5ab
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tent5ba
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tent5bb
8 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\tent-5
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005088
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:CG46385. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    TENT5A; terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5A
    model of  osteogenesis imperfecta type 18
    IEA
    (FlyBase, 2019-)
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    CG46385EY04353
    exacerbates  tauopathy
    modeled by Hsap\MAPTUAS.cWa
    (Feuillette et al., 2020)
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    TENT5C; terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5C
    9 of 14
    613952
        TENT5A; terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5A
        8 of 14
        611357
        TENT5B; terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5B
        7 of 14
        619069
            TENT5D; terminal nucleotidyltransferase 5D
            7 of 14
            300976
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                Show/hide secondary interactors 
                (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                Select Layout:
                Legend:
                Protein
                RNA
                Selected Interactor(s)
                Other Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                protein-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                CG46385 - CG13482
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - CG5011
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - CG5292
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - CG5674
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - Hmx
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - Nf-YA
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - Poxm
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - Usp10
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - disco
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                CG46385 - hbn
                two hybrid
                (Hu et al., 2017.6.13)
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show/hide secondary interactors 
                (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                esyN Network Key:
                Suppression
                Enhancement
                Other Interaction Browsers
                View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                ct
                suppressible
                CG46385
                (Krupp et al., 2005)
                pnr
                suppressible
                CG46385
                (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
                wg
                suppressible
                CG46385
                (McClure and Schubiger, 2008)
                External Data
                Linkouts
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Metabolic Pathways
                FlyBase
                External Links
                External Data
                Linkouts
                Class of Gene
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                2R
                Recombination map
                2-57
                Cytogenetic map
                43E13-43E16
                Sequence location
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                43E13-43E16
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(2)0849208492 and P{EP}CanB2EP774
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                2-57

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                2-57.0

                (Comeron et al., 2012)
                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (21)
                Genomic Clones (39)
                cDNA Clones (136)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                  For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                    BDGP DGC clones
                    Other clones
                    RNAi and Array Information
                    Linkouts
                    Antibody Information
                    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                     
                    Commercially Available Antibodies
                     
                    Cell Line Information
                    Publicly Available Cell Lines
                     
                      Other Stable Cell Lines
                       
                        Other Comments

                        New annotation (CG45093) in release 5.54 of the genome annotation.

                        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2013)

                        RNAi generated by PCR using primers directed to this gene causes a cell growth and viability phenotype when assayed in Kc167 and S2R+ cells.

                        (Boutros et al., 2004)

                        Area matching Drosophila EST AA392415.

                        (Davies, 2001.3.15)
                        Relationship to Other Genes
                        Source for database merge of

                        Source for merge of: CG30497 NEST:bs36c04 BEST:LD33067

                        (Rana, 2004.7.8)

                        Source for merge of: CG30497 anon-WO0118547.176

                        (FlyBase, 1996-)

                        Source for merge of: CG30497 CG45093

                        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2018)
                        Additional comments

                        Annotations CG30497 and CG45093 (which were previously annotated as two non-overlapping open reading frames of a dicistronic transcript) merged as CG46385 in release 6.25 of the genome annotation.

                        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2018)

                        Annotations CG1383, CG1557 merged as CG30497 in release 3 of the genome annotation.

                        (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

                        Source for merge of CG30497 anon-WO0118547.176 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

                        (FlyBase, 1996-)
                        Nomenclature History
                        Source for database identify of
                        Nomenclature comments
                        Etymology
                        Synonyms and Secondary IDs (10)
                        Datasets (0)
                        Study focus (0)
                        Experimental Role
                        Project
                        Project Type
                        Title
                        Study result (0)
                        Result
                        Result Type
                        Title
                        External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 72 )
                        Sequence Crossreferences
                        NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                        GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                        GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                        RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                        UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                        UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                        Other crossreferences
                        AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                        DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                        EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                        FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                        InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                        KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                        MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                        Linkouts
                        FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                        FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                        iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                        References (66)