FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Pdi
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Pdi
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Protein disulfide isomerase
Annotation Symbol
CG6988
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0286818
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
12 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
protein disulfide-isomerase (5.3.4.1)
Gene Summary
Participates in the folding of proteins containing disulfide bonds. (UniProt, P54399)
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

dpdi, l(3)j2A2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
71B5-71B5
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-42
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:15137738..15142840
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (14 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein disulfide isomerase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000432607
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005788, InterPro:IPR005792
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Biological Process (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in protein folding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000432607
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000432607
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (11 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (11 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cell pole
inferred from direct assay
(Giansanti et al., 2007)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Pokrywka et al., 2009)
located_in endomembrane system
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009)
located_in endoplasmic reticulum
inferred from direct assay
(Giansanti et al., 2007, Kondylis et al., 2001)
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in extracellular space
inferred from direct assay
(Walker et al., 2006)
located_in fusome
inferred from direct assay
(Lighthouse et al., 2008)
located_in neuronal cell body
inferred from direct assay
(Rolls et al., 2007)
located_in nuclear envelope
inferred from direct assay
(Wakefield and Tear, 2006)
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Rolls et al., 2007)
located_in rough endoplasmic reticulum
inferred from direct assay
(Roper, 2007)
located_in spindle envelope
inferred from direct assay
(Giansanti et al., 2007)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000432607
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family. (P54399)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
protein disulfide isomerase activity
Catalyzes the rearrangement of -S-S- bonds in proteins (5.3.4.1)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
PROTEIN DISULFIDE ISOMERASES -
Protein disulfide isomerases catalyze disulfide bond formation (oxidase activity) and the rearrangement of incorrect disulfides (isomerase activity). They function as chaperones within the endoplasmic reticulum to ensure the correct folding of secreted/cell surface proteins during their maturation. (Adapted from PMID:15158710.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Participates in the folding of proteins containing disulfide bonds.
(UniProt, P54399)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Pdi for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry P54399)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Gene model reviewed during 5.57

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Pdi-RA
FBtr0075648
NM_079355
2080
496
Pdi-RE
FBtr0346644
NM_001300141
2328
496
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Pdi-PA
FBpp0075401
55.8
496
4.44
P54399
NP_524079
AAF49659
Pdi-PE
FBpp0312224
55.8
496
4.44
P54399
NP_001287070
AHN58095
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

496 aa isoforms: Pdi-PA, Pdi-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Homodimer.

(UniProt, P54399)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Pdi using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.21

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cell pole
inferred from direct assay
(Giansanti et al., 2007)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Pokrywka et al., 2009)
located_in endomembrane system
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Tan et al., 2009)
located_in endoplasmic reticulum
inferred from direct assay
(Giansanti et al., 2007, Kondylis et al., 2001)
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Lye et al., 2014)
located_in extracellular space
inferred from direct assay
(Walker et al., 2006)
located_in fusome
inferred from direct assay
(Lighthouse et al., 2008)
located_in neuronal cell body
inferred from direct assay
(Rolls et al., 2007)
located_in nuclear envelope
inferred from direct assay
(Wakefield and Tear, 2006)
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Rolls et al., 2007)
located_in rough endoplasmic reticulum
inferred from direct assay
(Roper, 2007)
located_in spindle envelope
inferred from direct assay
(Giansanti et al., 2007)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Pdi in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 14 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 5 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Pdi
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Pdi
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)Exel6262
(Ryder, 2004.4.26)
Df(3L)fz-M21
(Spradling et al., 1999, BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
Inferred from location ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal | recessive
partially lethal - majority die, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (33)
Hsap\P4HB
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\PDIA2
8 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PDIA3
8 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PDIA4
6 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\ERP27
4 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PDILT
4 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TMX1
2 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\TMX3
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TMX4
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TXNDC11
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CASQ1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\CASQ2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\DNAJC10
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DNAJC16
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\DNAJC21
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ERP44
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\GLRX3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NME8
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NME9
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NXN
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\NXNL1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\NXNL2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\PDIA5
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\PDIA6
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\QSOX2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\TXN2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TXNDC2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TXNDC5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TXNDC8
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TXNDC15
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TXNDC16
1 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\TXN
1 of 14
No
No
3  
Hsap\TXNL1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (28)
Rnor\P4hb
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Pdia3
8 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pdia4
6 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Pdilt
5 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Erp27
4 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Tmx1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tmx3
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tmx4
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txndc11
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Casq1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Casq2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Dnajc10
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Dnajc16
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Dnajc21
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Erp44
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Glrx3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Glrx5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC685171
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nme8
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pdia5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pdia6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txn1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txn2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txndc2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txndc5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txndc8
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txndc15
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Txnl1
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (28)
Mmus\P4hb
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Pdia2
8 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Pdia3
7 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pdia4
6 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Pdilt
5 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Erp27
4 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Tmx1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tmx3
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tmx4
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Casq1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Casq2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Dnajc10
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Dnajc16
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Dnajc21
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Erp44
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Glrx3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nme8
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nme9
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pdia5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pdia6
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txn1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txn2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txndc2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txndc5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txndc8
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txndc11
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txndc15
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Txnl1
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (22)
Xtro\p4hb
11 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\pdia2
5 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\pdia3
5 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pdia4
3 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\pdilt
3 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\erp27
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\gadl1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\glrx3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\glrx5
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100498224
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\nxnl1
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\nxnl2
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\nxn
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ppcs
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sufu
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tmx2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tmx4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\txn2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\txndc5
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\txndc15
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\txndc16
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\XB5909790
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (30)
Drer\p4hb
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\pdia2
9 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pdia7
8 of 14
No
No
Drer\pdia8
8 of 14
No
No
Drer\pdia3
7 of 14
No
No
Drer\pdia4
6 of 14
No
No
Drer\zgc:136472
6 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\tmx1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmx3a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmx3b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\tmx4
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\casq1a
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\casq1b
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\casq2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\dnajc10
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\dnajc16
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\dnajc16l
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\erp27
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\erp44
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\glrx3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nme9
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pdia5
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pdia6
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\qsox2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\txn2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\txndc5
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\txndc16
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\txn
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\txnl1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\zgc:56493
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (36)
Cele\pdi-2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\pdi-1
7 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\pdi-3
7 of 14
No
No
Cele\C14B9.2
6 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\M04D5.1
5 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\C30H6.8
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\C32D5.8
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\C35B1.5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\csq-1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\dnj-27
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\dpy-11
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\erp-44.1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\erp-44.2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\erp-44.3
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\F17B5.1
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\F29B9.5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\F47B7.2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\glrx-3
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\pdi-6
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\png-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\R05H5.3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\T05F1.11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\T10H10.2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\T20D4.7
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\T28A11.13
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\trx-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\trx-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\trx-3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\trx-4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\trx-5
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\txl-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\Y49E10.4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\Y52E8A.3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\Y55F3AR.2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\Y73B6BL.12
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\ZK973.11
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (21)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012407
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007393
5 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008389
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010217
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000044
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000909
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001613
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001919
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002363
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003415
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005431
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005462
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006452
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008252
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009997
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011549
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012275
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012940
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TRX1
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TRX2
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\TRX3
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (60)
Atha\PDIL1-3
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\PDIL1-4
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\PDIL1-1
8 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDIL1-2
8 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDIL1-5
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\PDIL1-6
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G62510
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\PDIL5-2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\UNE5
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACHT1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACHT2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACHT3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACHT4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ACHT5
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\APR2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\APRL4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\APRL5
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\APRL6
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\APRL7
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G07700
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G52990
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G60420
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G19780
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G53220
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G56420
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G12170
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G31240
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G32580
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ATHM2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ATTRX4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CDSP32
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CXIP2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CXXS1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CXXS2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\GRXS17
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDIL2-2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDIL2-3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDIL5-1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDIL5-3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDIL5-4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\QSOX2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TDX
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TH7
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TH8
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TH9
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\THM1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\THX
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TO1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TO2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRX1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRX2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRX3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRX5
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRXF1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRXF2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRX-M4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TRX z
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TTL1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\TY1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\ty2
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (8)
Scer\PDI1
10 of 13
Yes
No
Scer\EUG1
9 of 13
No
No
Scer\GRX3
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\GRX4
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\MPD1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\TRX1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\TRX2
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\TRX3
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (8)
Spom\SPAC1F5.02
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\grx4
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\pdi2
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPAC13F5.05
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPAC17H9.14c
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\trx1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\trx2
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\txl1
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (2)
Ecol\trxA
1 of 11
Yes
No
Ecol\trxC
1 of 11
Yes
No
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Pdi. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (23)
ERp60
11 of 13
CaBP1
2 of 13
CG5554
2 of 13
CG9302
2 of 13
CG10029
2 of 13
CG13671
2 of 13
CG14695
2 of 13
ERp44
2 of 13
prtp
2 of 13
Tmx3
2 of 13
CG3719
1 of 13
CG8517
1 of 13
CG8993
1 of 13
CG11588
1 of 13
CG13473
1 of 13
CG14221
1 of 13
CG18130
1 of 13
dhd
1 of 13
Grx3
1 of 13
hlk
1 of 13
Trx2
1 of 13
TrxT
1 of 13
Txl
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    P4HB; prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta
    model of  Cole-Carpenter syndrome
    IEA
    (FlyBase, 2019-)
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    P4HB; prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit beta
    14 of 14
    176790
     
    PDIA2; protein disulfide isomerase family A member 2
    8 of 14
    608012
        PDIA3; protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3
        8 of 14
        602046
            PDIA4; protein disulfide isomerase family A member 4
            6 of 14
            620018
                ERP27; endoplasmic reticulum protein 27
                4 of 14
                610642
                    PDILT; protein disulfide isomerase like, testis expressed
                    4 of 14
                    618588
                        Functional Complementation Data
                        Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                        Interactions
                        Summary of Physical Interactions
                        esyN Network Diagram
                        Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                        Show/hide secondary interactors 
                        (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                        Select Layout:
                        Legend:
                        Protein
                        RNA
                        Selected Interactor(s)
                        Other Interaction Browsers
                        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                        Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                        protein-protein
                        Physical Interaction
                        Assay
                        References
                        Pdi - 14-3-3ε
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - ATPsynβ
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Akap200
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - AnxB10
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Ar1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Ar2
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Bacc
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG10265
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG1092
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG11060
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG11267
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG13887
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG14715
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG16959
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG2004
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG2852
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG31445
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CG4598
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - CaBP1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Calr
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Chd64
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Df31
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - ERp60
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Eno
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Fer1HCH
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Fim
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Fkbp12
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Fkbp14
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Gagr
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Gp93
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - GstE6
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - GstO3
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Gtpx
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - HINT1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - HmgD
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Hsp60A
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Idgf6
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Inos
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Mdh2
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Moe
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Nacα
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Nlp
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Ntf-2
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - O-fut2
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - P58IPK
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - PCNA
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - PH4αEFB
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Pgam1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Pgd
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Phb1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Prosα1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Prosα4
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Prx6c
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - RhoGDI
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Sh3β
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Sod1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Stip1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Sumo
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - TER94
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Tctp
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Tkt
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Trx2
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Trxr1
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Uch
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Uggt
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - Usp39
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - awd
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - cPges
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - capt
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - chic
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - cib
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - eEF1δ
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - eEF5
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - fabp
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - porin
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - regucalcin
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - scf
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - scu
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Pdi - sel
                        experimental knowledge based
                        (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                        Summary of Genetic Interactions
                        esyN Network Diagram
                        Show/hide secondary interactors 
                        (data from AllianceMine provided by esyN)
                        esyN Network Key:
                        Suppression
                        Enhancement
                        Other Interaction Browsers
                        View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                        Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                        Starting gene(s)
                        Interaction type
                        Interacting gene(s)
                        Reference
                        Starting gene(s)
                        Interaction type
                        Interacting gene(s)
                        Reference
                        pnr
                        suppressible
                        Pdi
                        (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
                        External Data
                        Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
                        Homodimer.
                        (UniProt, P54399 )
                        Linkouts
                        Pathways
                        Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                        Metabolic Pathways
                        FlyBase
                        External Links
                        External Data
                        Linkouts
                        KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                        Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                        Class of Gene
                        Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                        Chromosome (arm)
                        3L
                        Recombination map
                        3-42
                        Cytogenetic map
                        71B5-71B5
                        Sequence location
                        FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                        Cytogenetic map
                        Evidence for location
                        71B5-71B5
                        Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}cp309s2172&P{lacW}l(3)j2A2j2A2 and P{EP}Tfb2EP572; Left limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0067338) Right limit from in situ hybridisation (FBrf0067338)
                        Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                        Cytogenetic map
                        Notes
                        References
                        71B4-71B5
                        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                        (Spradling et al., 1999)
                        74C-74C
                        (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                        (McKay et al., 1995)
                        71B4-71B5
                        (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
                        Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                        Location

                        3-42

                        (FlyBase, 2016)

                        3-36.6

                        (Comeron et al., 2012)

                        3-

                        Left of (cM)
                        Right of (cM)
                        Notes
                        Stocks and Reagents
                        Stocks (12)
                        Genomic Clones (21)
                        cDNA Clones (574)
                         

                        Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                        cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                        BDGP DGC clones
                        Other clones
                          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                          For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                            cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                            BDGP DGC clones
                            Other clones
                            RNAi and Array Information
                            Linkouts
                            Antibody Information
                            Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                             
                            Commercially Available Antibodies
                             
                            Cell Line Information
                            Publicly Available Cell Lines
                             
                              Other Stable Cell Lines
                               
                                Other Comments

                                Isolated from a genomic library using a rat form I phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C cDNA as a probe, under reduced stringency conditions.

                                (McKay et al., 1995)

                                Pdi has been cloned and sequenced.

                                (McKay et al., 1995)
                                Relationship to Other Genes
                                Source for database merge of

                                Source for merge of: Pdi l(3)j2A2

                                (Wilmes et al., 2018)
                                Additional comments
                                Nomenclature History
                                Source for database identify of
                                Nomenclature comments
                                Etymology
                                Synonyms and Secondary IDs (17)
                                Reported As
                                Symbol Synonym
                                CG6988
                                (Hoffmann et al., 2013, Cammarato et al., 2011, Perkins et al., 2009, Giansanti et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Beller et al., 2006, Walker et al., 2006, Kocks et al., 2003, Kondylis et al., 2001, Morin et al., 2001)
                                Dpdi
                                EP(3)1022
                                (Pena-Rangel et al., 2002)
                                PDI
                                (Beghelli et al., 2024, Zajac and Horne-Badovinac, 2022, Warecki et al., 2020, Moehlman et al., 2018, Kim et al., 2015, Hibbard and O'Tousa, 2012, Texada et al., 2011, Mecklenburg et al., 2010, Orso et al., 2009, Pokrywka et al., 2009, Snee and Macdonald, 2009, Pokrywka et al., 2008, Januschke et al., 2007, Roper, 2007, Tien et al., 2007, Chen et al., 2006, Lyalin et al., 2006, Schlesinger et al., 2004, Kondylis et al., 2001, Baumann, 2000, Annunen et al., 1999)
                                Pdi
                                (Lee et al., 2024, Bakshi et al., 2023, Titlow et al., 2023, Yamada et al., 2023, McCullough et al., 2022, Nefedova et al., 2022, Girard et al., 2021, Lindsey et al., 2021, Gupta and Stocker, 2020, Martínez et al., 2020, Vásquez-Procopio et al., 2020, Kurshakova et al., 2019, Burow et al., 2018, Hsu and Drummond-Barbosa, 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Hosamani et al., 2016, Williams et al., 2016, Ashwal-Fluss et al., 2014, Lotz et al., 2014, Mukherjee et al., 2014, Coelho et al., 2013, Gurudatta et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Yamakawa et al., 2012, Friedman et al., 2011, Shimada et al., 2011, Tan et al., 2009, Lighthouse et al., 2008, Buszczak et al., 2007, Giansanti et al., 2007, Haerty et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Quinones-Coello et al., 2007, Ravi Ram and Wolfner, 2007, Reiter et al., 2007, Rolls et al., 2007, Stuart et al., 2007, Beller et al., 2006, Beller et al., 2006, Giansanti et al., 2006, Wakefield and Tear, 2006, Walker et al., 2006, Burgler and Macdonald, 2005, Stark et al., 2005)
                                dpdi
                                (Makunin et al., 1996, Shortridge and McKay, 1996, McKay et al., 1995)
                                l(3)j2A2
                                (Mishra et al., 2020)
                                pdi
                                (Wilmes et al., 2018, Sekine et al., 2013, Makunin et al., 1996)
                                Name Synonyms
                                Protein Disulfide Isomerase
                                (Texada et al., 2011)
                                Protein disulfide isomerase
                                (Hoffmann et al., 2013, Cammarato et al., 2011, Quinones-Coello et al., 2007, Giansanti et al., 2006)
                                Protein disulphide isomerase
                                (Wakefield and Tear, 2006)
                                disulfide isomerase
                                (Roper, 2007)
                                lethal (3) j2A2
                                proline diisomerease
                                (Mecklenburg et al., 2010)
                                protein disulfide isomerase
                                (Breloy et al., 2016, Pokrywka et al., 2009, Snee and Macdonald, 2009, Giansanti et al., 2007, Chen et al., 2006, Shortridge, 1994.12.21)
                                protein disulphide isomerase
                                (Coelho et al., 2013)
                                protein-disulfide isomerase
                                (Tien et al., 2007)
                                Secondary FlyBase IDs
                                • FBgn0014002
                                • FBgn0011320
                                Datasets (0)
                                Study focus (0)
                                Experimental Role
                                Project
                                Project Type
                                Title
                                Study result (0)
                                Result
                                Result Type
                                Title
                                External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 48 )
                                Sequence Crossreferences
                                NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                                GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                                GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                                RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                                UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                                UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                                UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                                Other crossreferences
                                AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                                DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                                EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                                FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                                InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                                KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                                MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                                Linkouts
                                FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                                FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                                iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                                KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                                Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                                References (136)