FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\nvd
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\nvd
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
neverland
Annotation Symbol
CG40050
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0287185
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
5 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
cholesterol 7-desaturase (1.14.19.21)
Gene Summary
neverland (nvd) encodes an evolutionarily conserved oxygenase-like protein that is required for the biosynthesis pathway of ecdysone. It converts cholesterol to 7-dehydrocholesterol. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

l6, nvd-Dm, l(3)Lh6, lethal 6, l(3)80Fc

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
80F9-80F9
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-47
RefSeq locus
NT_037436 REGION:24324866..24401655
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (9 terms)
Molecular Function (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables cholesterol 7-desaturase [NAD(P)H] activity
inferred from direct assay
(Zhu et al., 2019)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables 2 iron, 2 sulfur cluster binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017941, InterPro:IPR036922
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables oxidoreductase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR045605
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN004536934
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in ecdysteroid biosynthetic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
involved_in instar larval development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
involved_in metamorphosis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
involved_in multicellular organism growth
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in cholesterol metabolic process
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR045605
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN004536934
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the cholesterol 7-desaturase family. (Q1JUZ1)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
cholesterol 7-desaturase [NAD(P)H] activity
(1) cholesterol + NADPH + O2 + H(+) = 7-dehydrocholesterol + NADP(+) + 2 H2O (1.14.19.21)
(2) cholesterol + NADH + O2 + H(+) = 7-dehydrocholesterol + NAD(+) + 2 H2O (1.14.19.21)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
neverland (nvd) encodes an evolutionarily conserved oxygenase-like protein that is required for the biosynthesis pathway of ecdysone. It converts cholesterol to 7-dehydrocholesterol. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
DESATURASES -
Desaturase enzymes introduce a double bond at a specific carbon in a fatty acid chain, with the desaturase usually named after the position in the carbon chain where the double bond is inserted. For example, a delta-9 desaturase inserts a double bond at the 9th carbon of palmitic or stearic acid, creating a monounsaturated fatty acid. The repertoire of fatty acid desaturase enzymes that an organism possesses varies greatly. While insects have relatively few desaturases, there has been a unique proliferation and diversification of delta-9 desaturases. This is thought to to be integral for the production of gender and species-specific sex pheromones. (Adapted from FBrf0221274.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Catalyzes the production of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC or cholesta-5,7-dien-3beta-ol) by inserting a double bond (desaturating) at the C7-C8 single bond of cholesterol (PubMed:21632547). Essential regulator of steroid biosynthesis, as this reaction is the first step in the synthesis of the steroid hormone Delta(7)-dafachronic acid (PubMed:16763204, PubMed:21632547). Required for insect molting, metamorphosis and body growth throughout development via the regulation of ecdysteroid biosynthesis in the prothoracic gland (PubMed:16763204).
(UniProt, Q1JUZ1)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\nvd for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q1JUZ1)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
nvd-RA
FBtr0113473
NM_001104200
1722
429
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
nvd-PA
FBpp0112384
50.1
429
9.31
Q1JUZ1
NP_001097670
ABW08586
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\nvd using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.26

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 17
ring gland
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
wandering third instar larval stage
prothoracic gland
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
oogenesis
nurse cell
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
wandering third instar larval stage
ring gland
(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
Additional Descriptive Data

nvd transcript is expressed in the ring gland in late embryos. In larvae, nvd is expressed in the region of prothoracic gland cells, but not in the corpus allatum or corpus cardiacum. RT-PCR analysis reveals that nvd transcript expression levels in the ring gland are higher at late second instar and wandering third instar larvae than in early third instar larvae. In egg chambers, nvd transcript is expressed in nurse cells, but not in oocytes.

(Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage | female & oogenesis
follicle cell
(Ameku and Niwa, 2016)
oogenesis stage S1 -- S8 & adult stage | female
germline cyst
(Ameku and Niwa, 2016)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\nvd in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 5 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of nvd
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of nvd
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 54 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 54 )
Gene disrupted in
Df(3L)1-16
(Schulze et al., 2001, Sinclair et al., 2000, Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)1-104
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)2-85
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)3-52
(Schulze et al., 2001, Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)4A-1677
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)5-84
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)6B-29+Df(3R)6B-29
(Sinclair et al., 2000)
Df(3L)8-15
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)9-52
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)10-33
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)10-58
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)18A-1677
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)Δ1AK
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)FX33
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)FX53
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)G-1
(Schulze et al., 2001, Sinclair et al., 2000)
Df(3L)GGG
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)Jiffy
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)O-1
(Syrzycka et al., 2019, Schulze et al., 2001, Sinclair et al., 2000)
Df(3L)Snap253
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)TTT
(Syrzycka et al., 2019)
Df(3L)vtd3
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Gene not disrupted in
Df(3L)1-17
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)1-166
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)2-66
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)3-10
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)3-109
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)3-135
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)3-164
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)4-134
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)6-53
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)6-61
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)6B-29+Df(3R)6B-29
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)8-68
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)9-2
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)9-7
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)9-56
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)10-14
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)10-39
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)10-210
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)12-2
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)12-123
(Marchant and Holm, 1988)
Df(3L)C-2
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)γ-26
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)γ-28
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)γ-29
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)K-2
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)vtd2
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)vtd6
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)vtd7
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)vtd8
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)vtd10
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)vtd11
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Df(3L)vtd12
(Schulze et al., 2001)
In(3L)vtd9
(Schulze et al., 2001)
Inferred from location ( 8 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
Hsap\RFESD
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Rfesd
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Mmus\Rfesd
1 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\XB5992703
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\XB5959486
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (5)
Drer\zgc:92275
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\LOC559859
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\rfesd
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch73-314g15.3
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\si:ch211-212d10.2
1 of 14
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\daf-36
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
 
1  
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001038
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (5)
Atha\TIC55-II
7 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\ACD1
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\ACD1-LIKE
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CH1
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G29890
2 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (2)
Ecol\yeaW
3 of 11
Yes
Yes
Ecol\hcaE
2 of 11
No
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:nvd. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Dmel gene
    Ortholog showing functional complementation
    Supporting References
    nvd
    Cele\daf-36
    (Yoshiyama-Yanagawa et al., 2011)
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    nom
    suppressible
    nvd
    (Uryu et al., 2018)
    External Data
    Linkouts
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    3L
    Recombination map
    3-47
    Cytogenetic map
    80F9-80F9
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    80F9-80F9
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Heterochromatic, cytological location not yet determined.
    (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    3-47

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    3-44.1

    (Comeron et al., 2012)

    3-

    (Drosophila Heterochromatin Genome Project, 2004)

    3-[47]

    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (5)
    Genomic Clones (23)
    cDNA Clones (4)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

        cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
        BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
          RNAi and Array Information
          Linkouts
          Antibody Information
          Laboratory Generated Antibodies
           
          Commercially Available Antibodies
           
          Cell Line Information
          Publicly Available Cell Lines
           
            Other Stable Cell Lines
             
              Other Comments

              Rescue of nvd RNAi larvae with 7-dehydrocholesterol suggests that the nvd protein acts upstream of 7-dehydrocholesterol in the ecdysteroid synthesis pathway.

              (Yoshiyama et al., 2006)

              New annotation (CG40050) in release 3 of the genome annotation.

              (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)

              One of a series of EMS-induced lethals detected by failure to complement proximal heterochromatic deficiencies in 3L or 3R, which resulted from detachments, i.e., reconstitutions of normal third chromosomes, from irradiated C(3L)RM/C(3R)RM-bearing females; a large set of such proximal heterochromatic deficiencies was employed in deficiency mapping of these lethals (Marchant and Holm, 1988).

              Relationship to Other Genes
              Source for database merge of

              Source for merge of: nvd CG40050

              (FlyBase, 1996-)

              Source for merge of: nvd l(3)80Fc

              (Syrzycka et al., 2019)
              Additional comments
              Nomenclature History
              Source for database identify of
              Nomenclature comments
              Etymology

              The name "neverland" is based on the prolonged first instar larval phenotype of mutants, as "neverland" is the fictional island featured in J. M. Barrie's Peter Pan, where children cease to age.

              (Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
              Synonyms and Secondary IDs (14)
              Reported As
              Symbol Synonym
              80Fc
              (Dimitri et al., 2003)
              CG40050
              (Meadows, 2019.11.20, Meadows, 2018.4.4, Nagoshi et al., 2010, Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
              NVD
              (Zhu et al., 2019)
              Nvd
              (Yuan et al., 2024, Wen et al., 2023, Kamiyama and Niwa, 2022, Pahi et al., 2015)
              l(3)80Fc
              (Dimitri et al., 2003)
              l(3)Lh6
              (Marchant and Holm, 1988)
              l6
              (Syrzycka et al., 2019, Schulze et al., 2001, Sinclair et al., 2000)
              nvd
              (Li et al., 2024, Liu et al., 2024, Ostalé et al., 2024, Carlson et al., 2022, Khalid et al., 2022, Ohhara et al., 2022, Kannangara et al., 2021, Keith et al., 2021, Pan and O'Connor, 2021, Zhao et al., 2021, Pan et al., 2020, Zeng et al., 2020, Honda, 2019.5.6, Syrzycka et al., 2019, Ameku et al., 2018, Ignesti et al., 2018, Shimell et al., 2018, Uryu et al., 2018, Zeng et al., 2018, Zhang et al., 2018, Christesen et al., 2017, Enya et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Frost et al., 2016, Saito et al., 2016, Valzania et al., 2016, Komura-Kawa et al., 2015, Xie et al., 2015, Danielsen et al., 2014, Frost et al., 2014, Deng and Kerppola, 2013, Lang et al., 2012, Niwa and Niwa, 2011, Huang et al., 2008, Yoshiyama et al., 2008, McBrayer et al., 2007)
              nvd-Dm
              (Yoshiyama-Yanagawa et al., 2011, Yoshiyama et al., 2006)
              Name Synonyms
              CG40050
              Neverland
              (Jayakumar et al., 2016, Gáliková et al., 2011, Niwa and Niwa, 2011, Yoshiyama et al., 2008)
              lethal (3) 80Fc
              lethal 6
              (Syrzycka et al., 2007, Schulze et al., 2001)
              lethal6
              (Syrzycka et al., 2019)
              neverland
              (Galagovsky et al., 2018, Uryu et al., 2018, Di Cara and King-Jones, 2016, Ou et al., 2016, Lang et al., 2012, Niwa and Niwa, 2011, Huang et al., 2008, McBrayer et al., 2007, Syrzycka et al., 2007)
              Secondary FlyBase IDs
              • FBgn0259697
              • FBgn0058050
              • FBgn0086256
              • FBgn0002292
              Datasets (0)
              Study focus (0)
              Experimental Role
              Project
              Project Type
              Title
              Study result (0)
              Result
              Result Type
              Title
              External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 23 )
              Sequence Crossreferences
              NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
              GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
              GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
              RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
              UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
              UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
              Other crossreferences
              AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
              DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
              EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
              FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
              InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
              KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
              MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
              Linkouts
              FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
              KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
              KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
              References (86)