FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Gene: Dmel\Cndp2
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Cndp2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Cytosolic non-specific dipeptidase 2
Annotation Symbol
CG17337
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0287767
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
12 publicly available
Gene Summary
Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.
All Summaries
Also Known As

Dip-A, anon-41Fb

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
41F8-41F8
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-55
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:5697872..5700212
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (6 terms)
Molecular Function (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables metallodipeptidase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR017153
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables peptidase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001336067
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in proteolysis
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001336067
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
located_in extracellular region
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Karlsson et al., 2004)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
M20 METALLOEXOPEPTIDASES -
M20 metalloexopeptidases belong to MEROPS family M20, containing a variety of carboxypeptidases, dipeptidases and aminopeptidases. (Adapted from FBrf0239469.)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
Dip-A: Dipeptidase-A
Structural gene for dipeptidase A [DIP-A (EC 3.4.14.?)], a dimeric molecule based on the formation of hybrid enzymes in heterozygotes for electrophoretic variants. Enzyme molecular weight estimated at approximately 117,000 daltons by gel filtration (Leigh Brown). Substrate specificities determined by Laurie-Ahlberg (1982, Biochem. Genet. 20: 407-24). The only Drosophila peptidase with glycyl-L-isoleucine-ase activity. Occurs at high levels in the larval midgut.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
2
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Cndp2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q8MT58)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.43

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Cndp2-RA
FBtr0086038
NM_136337
1661
478
Cndp2-RC
FBtr0345358
NM_001299213
1522
431
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

1.7 (northern blot)

(Bourgouin et al., 1992)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Cndp2-PA
FBpp0085374
53.2
478
5.38
Q8MT58
NP_610181
AAF57318
Cndp2-PC
FBpp0311513
47.9
431
5.34
A0A0B4LEQ0
NP_001286142
AHN55940
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Cndp2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.66

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
western blot
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
organism
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval salivary gland
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
larval brain
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
adult stage | female
ovary
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
Additional Descriptive Data

Cndp2 protein is detected in all stages and tissues examined. The longer isoform is found at all stages. A second faint band in 4-6hr embryos may be the shorter isoform missing the first 47 amino acids. The protein is predominantly cytoplasmic.

(Andreyeva et al., 2019)

Cndp2 specificactivity is highest in embryos and young larvae and is present at fairlyuniform levels thereafter. Cndp2 specific activity was found to befairly uniform in all tissues studied except in gut and Malphigian tubuleswhere it is higher than average and adult thorax where it is low.

Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
located_in extracellular region
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Karlsson et al., 2004)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Andreyeva et al., 2019)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Cndp2 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 14 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 7 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Cndp2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Cndp2
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 1 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 1 )
Gene not disrupted in
In(2R)bwVDe2LCyR
(Voelker and Langley, 1978)
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
viable
Sterility
Allele
fertile
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal oxidative stress response | adult stage
electrophoretic variant
increased mortality | adult stage
short lived
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (5)
Hsap\CNDP2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
1  
Hsap\CNDP1
8 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\ACY1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PM20D1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\ABHD14A-ACY1
1 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (4)
Rnor\Cndp2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Cndp1
8 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Acy1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pm20d1
2 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)
Mmus\Cndp2
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Cndp1
8 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Acy1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pm20d1
2 of 14
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (6)
Xtro\cndp2
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\darmin
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\cndp1
2 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\acy1.1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC101735201
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pm20d1
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (6)
Drer\cndp2
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\cndp1
8 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\acy1
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC100001620
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\pm20d1.2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\pm20d1.1
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)
Cele\pes-9
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\Y71H2AM.11
11 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\C10C5.3
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\C10C5.4
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\C10C5.5
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\C44E12.1
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\C06A6.4
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007619
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000679
2 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (7)
Atha\AT4G17830
3 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AQI
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G44180
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G44820
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AAH
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G38225
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\UAH
1 of 13
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (3)
Scer\DUG1
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\DUG2
4 of 13
No
Yes
Scer\CPS1
2 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (3)
Spom\SPBC1198.08
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\SPAC24C9.08
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\SPCC757.05c
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (4)
Ecol\argE
4 of 11
Yes
No
Ecol\dapE
4 of 11
Yes
No
Ecol\ygeY
2 of 11
No
Yes
Ecol\allC
1 of 11
No
Yes
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Cndp2. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (6)
CG6465
3 of 13
CG6726
3 of 13
CG6733
3 of 13
CG6738
3 of 13
CG17109
3 of 13
CG17110
3 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    CNDP2; carnosine dipeptidase 2
    14 of 14
    169800
         
        CNDP1; carnosine dipeptidase 1
        8 of 14
        609064
             
            Functional Complementation Data
            Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
            Interactions
            Summary of Physical Interactions
            Summary of Genetic Interactions
            esyN Network Diagram
            Other Interaction Browsers
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            External Data
            Linkouts
            Pathways
            Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
            Metabolic Pathways
            FlyBase
            External Links
            KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
            External Data
            Linkouts
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
            Class of Gene
            Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
            Chromosome (arm)
            2R
            Recombination map
            2-55
            Cytogenetic map
            41F8-41F8
            Sequence location
            FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Evidence for location
            41F8-41F8
            Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}vlc07022&P{lacW}l(2)09851k08138 and P{PZ}l(2)0985109851&P{lacW}Src42Ak10108
            Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Notes
            References
            Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
            Location

            2-55

            (FlyBase, 2016)

            2-55.7

            (Comeron et al., 2012)

            2-55.2

            (Harada et al., 1993)

            2-

            Left of (cM)
            Right of (cM)
            Notes

            Mapping based on 74 pr-cn recombinants.

            Stocks and Reagents
            Stocks (12)
            Genomic Clones (23)
            cDNA Clones (63)
             

            Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

            cDNA clones, fully sequenced
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

            For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

              cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
              BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
              RNAi and Array Information
              Linkouts
              Antibody Information
              Laboratory Generated Antibodies
               

              polyclonal

              (Andreyeva et al., 2019)
              Commercially Available Antibodies
               
              Cell Line Information
              Publicly Available Cell Lines
               
                Other Stable Cell Lines
                 
                  Other Comments

                  A screen to identify modifiers for the dipeptidase locates them on the X, second and third chromosomes.

                  (Hiraizumi et al., 1993)

                  Transcript mapped to position +1 to +4.5 in the ap region, over 4kb from the 3' end of ap.

                  (Bourgouin et al., 1992)

                  Transcription unit defined as part of molecular analysis of ap.

                  (Bourgouin et al., 1992)

                  Larvae of genetically different lines were reared under varying levels of osmotic stress to study the genetic basis of the correlation of peptidase activities in response to environmental challenge.

                  (Hiraizumi et al., 1992)

                  The developmental variation and tissue locations of Dip-A and Dip-B are determined.

                  (Hall, 1988)

                  Examination of D.melanogaster lines revealed genetic variation of Dip-A and Dip-B within sets of lines that only differed in the second or third chromosome. Experiments were undertaken to identify the types of activity modifiers that may be polymorphic in natural populations and to characterize the genetic organization of the modifiers.

                  (Hiraizumi and Laurie, 1988)

                  Dip-A activity is high in postembryonic stages, the activity in the adult is proportional to gene dosage.

                  (Hall, 1986)

                  Structural gene for dipeptidase A (DIP-A), a dimeric molecule based on the formation of hybrid enzymes in heterozygotes for electrophoretic variants. Enzyme molecular weight estimated at approximately 117,000 daltons by gel filtration (Leigh Brown). Substrate specificities determined by Laurie-Ahlberg (1982). The only Drosophila peptidase with glycyl-L-isoleucine-ase activity. Occurs at high levels in the larval midgut.

                  Relationship to Other Genes
                  Source for database merge of

                  Source for merge of: CG17337 anon-41Fb

                  (FlyBase, 1996-)

                  Source for merge of: Cndp2 Dip-A

                  (Collett, 2008.2.16)
                  Additional comments
                  Nomenclature History
                  Source for database identify of

                  Source for identity of: Cndp2 CG17337

                  (Andreyeva et al., 2019)
                  Nomenclature comments
                  Etymology

                  Named 'CNDP2' after the human ortholog.

                  (Andreyeva et al., 2019)
                  Synonyms and Secondary IDs (18)
                  Datasets (0)
                  Study focus (0)
                  Experimental Role
                  Project
                  Project Type
                  Title
                  Study result (0)
                  Result
                  Result Type
                  Title
                  External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 37 )
                  Sequence Crossreferences
                  NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                  GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                  GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                  RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                  UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                  UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                  Other crossreferences
                  AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                  DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                  EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                  FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                  InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                  KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                  MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                  Linkouts
                  FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                  iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                  KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                  KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                  Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                  Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.
                  References (51)