Reference Report

Reference
Citation	Kapoun, A.M., Kaufman, T.C. (1995). A functional analysis of 5', intronic and promoter regions of the homeotic gene proboscipedia in Drosophila melanogaster. Development 121(7): 2127--2141. (Export to RIS)
FlyBase ID	FBrf0080147
Publication Type	Research paper
PubMed ID	7635058
PubMed Abstract	In Drosophila, the homeotic gene proboscipedia (pb) is required for the formation of the adult mouthparts. To determine the functional significance of putative pb regulatory DNA, we have performed an in vivo analysis of sequences upstream of and within pb using a series of minigenes. Additionally, we have initiated a dissection of pb's promoter and enhancer elements using lacZ reporter gene constructs. Our results establish that a conserved region located in the second intron is essential for proper formation of the adult mouthparts. A 0.5 kb fragment from this region was shown to direct lacZ expression in a pb pattern in both embryos and third instar labial discs when combined with a 600 bp pb basal promoter sequence. A 32 bp element contained within the 0.5 kb region functions as a labial disc enhancers for pb. Surprisingly, the conserved second intron pb enhancers do not function properly with a heterologous hsp70 promoter, suggesting that promoter-specific interactions occur at the pb locus. We also found redundant and cryptic enhancers in the large introns of pb that are not required for pb function. Finally, we demonstrate that the pb transcription unit does not require sequences upstream of -98 bp to provide pb function in the labial discs. Rather, pb's upstream DNA appears to contain negative regulatory DNA required for silencing PB accumulation in inappropriate domains of third instar imaginal discs. Thus, we have defined many of pb's cis-controlling sequences to an experimentally manageable size, thereby making this an attractive system for the discovery of transacting proteins and, consequently, for elucidating the mechanisms of homeotic gene regulation.
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Language of Publication	English
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Publication Type	Journal
Abbreviation	Development
Title	Development
Publication Year	1987-
ISBN/ISSN	0950-1991
Data from Reference
Alleles (26)
	Ecol\lacZ^Hsp70Bb.HZ50 Ecol\lacZ^pb.0.5 Ecol\lacZ^pb.0.8 Ecol\lacZ^pb.1.9+2.1 Ecol\lacZ^pb.2.1a Ecol\lacZ^pb.2.1b Ecol\lacZ^pb.5.3 Ecol\lacZ^pb.10.6 Ecol\lacZ^pb.13.0 Ecol\lacZ^pb.en Ecol\lacZ^pb.G1i Ecol\lacZ^pb.r1r2 Ecol\lacZ^pb.ZR pb⁵ pb^+mSPL pb^Scer\UAS.hs pb^unspecified pb^ΔKpn pb^ΔPvu pb^ΔSal pb^ΔXho w^+mC zen2^tSPL zen2^tΔPvu zen2^tΔSal zen2^tΔXho
Constructs (19)
	P{0.5+pbZR} P{0.8+pbZR} P{1.9+2.1+pbZR} P{2.1+HZR} P{2.1+pbZR} P{5.3+HZR} P{10.6+HZR} P{13.0+HZR} P{en.pbZR} P{hsp70-pb.UAS} P{HZR} P{pbG1/intron} P{pbZR} P{r1r2+pbZR} P{SPL} P{ΔKpn} P{ΔPvu} P{ΔSal} P{ΔXho}
Genes (4)
	Ecol\lacZ pb w zen2
Sequence features (14)
	pb_0.5+pbZR pb_0.8+pbZR pb_2.1+pbZR pb_10.6+HZR pb_13.0+HZR pb_labial_disc_element pb_promoter pb-reg_element-1 pb-reg_element-2 pb-reg_element-9 pb-reg_element-10 pb-reg_element-13 pb-reg_element-14 pb-reg_element-15
Transcripts (7)
	Ecol\lacZ^pb.2.1aRA Ecol\lacZ^pb.2.1bRA Ecol\lacZ^pb.5.3RA Ecol\lacZ^pb.10.6RA Ecol\lacZ^pb.13.0RA Ecol\lacZ^pb.enRA Ecol\lacZ^pb.G1iRA