Reference Report

Reference
Citation	Bhadra, U., Pal-Bhadra, M., Birchler, J.A. (1999). Role of the male specific lethal (msl) genes in modifying the effects of sex chromosomal dosage in Drosophila. Genetics 152(1): 249--268. (Export to RIS)
FlyBase ID	FBrf0108144
Publication Type	Research paper
PubMed ID	10224258
PubMed Abstract	Immunostaining of chromosomes shows that the male-specific lethal (MSL) proteins are associated with all female chromosomes at a low level but are sequestered to the X chromosome in males. Histone-4 Lys-16 acetylation follows a similar pattern in normal males and females, being higher on the X and lower on the autosomes in males than in females. However, the staining pattern of acetylation and the mof gene product, a putative histone acetylase, in msl mutant males returns to a uniform genome-wide distribution as found in females. Gene expression on the autosomes correlates with the level of histone-4 acetylation. With minor exceptions, the expression levels of X-linked genes are maintained with either an increase or decrease of acetylation, suggesting that the MSL complex renders gene activity unresponsive to H4Lys16 acetylation. Evidence was also found for the presence of nucleation sites for association of the MSL proteins with the X chromosome rather than individual gene binding sequences. We suggest that sequestration of the MSL proteins occurs in males to nullify on the autosomes and maintain on the X, an inverse effect produced by negatively acting dosage-dependent regulatory genes as a consequence of the evolution of the X/Y sex chromosomal system.
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Language of Publication	English
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Publication Type	Journal
Abbreviation	Genetics
Title	Genetics
Publication Year	1916-
ISBN/ISSN	0016-6731
Data from Reference
Aberrations (4)
	Tp(1;2)TE30Ca Tp(1;3)TE89Da Tp(1;3)TE98F Tp(1;3)w⁺67k
Alleles (15)
	Adh^fn6 Adh^Wa-F.tCa gypsy\su(Hw)BR⁴³⁰ mle⁸ mof¹ msl-2^Hsp83.PK ry^+t7.2AR w¹¹¹⁸ w^+t14.3 w^+tAR w^a w^BR.BR w^BR.E.BR w^E.BR.BR y^+mDint2
Constructs (7)
	P{Adh.Wa-F} P{H83M2} P{su(Hw)BR-w.4} P{SUPor-P} P{SUPor-P-lt} P{wA^R} P{wB}
Genes (19)
	Adh Gpdh gypsy\su(Hw)BR His4 mle mof msl-1 msl-2 msl-3 r run ry Sgs3 Sgs4 st w y z βTub56D
Insertions (1)
	copia{}w^a
Natural transposons (1)
	copia