Reference Report

Reference
Citation	Miura, G.I., Buglino, J., Alvarado, D., Lemmon, M.A., Resh, M.D., Treisman, J.E. (2006). Palmitoylation of the EGFR ligand Spitz by Rasp increases Spitz activity by restricting its diffusion. Dev. Cell 10(2): 167--176. (Export to RIS)
FlyBase ID	FBrf0190214
Publication Type	Research paper
PubMed ID	16459296
PubMed Abstract	Lipid modifications such as palmitoylation or myristoylation target intracellular proteins to cell membranes. Secreted ligands of the Hedgehog and Wnt families are also palmitoylated; this modification, which requires the related transmembrane acyltransferases Rasp and Porcupine, can enhance their secretion, transport, or activity. We show here that rasp is also essential for the developmental functions of Spitz, a ligand for the Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In cultured cells, Rasp promotes palmitate addition to the N-terminal cysteine residue of Spitz, and this cysteine is required for Spitz activity in vivo. Palmitoylation reduces Spitz secretion and enhances its plasma membrane association, but does not alter its ability to activate the EGFR in vitro. In vivo, overexpressed unpalmitoylated Spitz has an increased range of action but reduced activity. These data suggest a role for palmitoylation in restricting Spitz diffusion, allowing its local concentration to reach the threshold required for biological function.
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Language of Publication	English
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Publication Type	Journal
Abbreviation	Dev. Cell
Title	Developmental Cell
Publication Year	2001-
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Data from Reference
Alleles (25)
	aos^Δ7 btl::Egfr^{Scer\UAS.T:λ\cI-DD} mirr^cre2 ptc^S2 Ras85D^V12.Scer\UAS rasp^T392 rasp^T802 rho^Scer\UAS.cGa S^Scer\UAS.cGa Scer\GAL4^Act5C.PP Scer\GAL4^ap-md544 Scer\GAL4^da.G32 Scer\GAL4^en-e16E Scer\GAL4^{Scer\FRT.Rnor\CD2.Act5C} Scer\GAL4^vg.PM Scer\GAL4^αTub84B.PL Scer\GAL80^αTub84B.PL spi¹ spi^{CS.m.Scer\UAS} spi^{CS.s.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP} spi^{s.Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-EGFP} spi^s.Scer\UAS spi^SC1 spi^Scer\UAS.cSa spi^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP}
Constructs (15)
	P{GAL4-Act5C(FRT.CD2).P} P{GAL4-Act5C(-FRT).P} P{GAL4-da.G32} P{GAL4-vg.M} P{tubP-GAL4} P{tubP-GAL80} P{UAS-Egfr.λtop} P{UAS-mSpi.CS} P{UAS-Ras85D.V12} P{UAS-spi.m} P{UAS-spi.s.GFP} P{UAS-spi.s} P{UAS-spi.T:GFP} P{UAS-sSpi.CS.GFP} P{UAS-Star}
Genes (11)
	aos btl::Egfr mirr ptc Ras85D rasp rho S Scer\GAL4 Scer\GAL80 spi
Insertions (4)
	P{en2.4-GAL4}e16E P{GawB}ap^md544 P{UAS-mSpi.CS}T7 P{UAS-mSpi.CS}T13
Natural transposons (1)
	P-element