Reference Report

Reference
Citation	Hueber, S.D., Bezdan, D., Henz, S.R., Blank, M., Wu, H., Lohmann, I. (2007). Comparative analysis of Hox downstream genes in Drosophila. Development 134(2): 381--392. (Export to RIS)
FlyBase ID	FBrf0193798
Publication Type	Research paper
PubMed ID	17166915
PubMed Abstract	Functional diversification of body parts is dependent on the formation of specialized structures along the various body axes. In animals, region-specific morphogenesis along the anteroposterior axis is controlled by a group of conserved transcription factors encoded by the Hox genes. Although it has long been assumed that Hox proteins carry out their function by regulating distinct sets of downstream genes, only a small number of such genes have been found, with very few having direct roles in controlling cellular behavior. We have quantitatively identified hundreds of Hox downstream genes in Drosophila by microarray analysis, and validated many of them by in situ hybridizations on loss- and gain-of-function mutants. One important finding is that Hox proteins, despite their similar DNA-binding properties in vitro, have highly specific effects on the transcriptome in vivo, because expression of many downstream genes respond primarily to a single Hox protein. In addition, a large fraction of downstream genes encodes realizator functions, which directly affect morphogenetic processes, such as orientation and rate of cell divisions, cell-cell adhesion and communication, cell shape and migration, or cell death. Focusing on these realizators, we provide a framework for the morphogenesis of the maxillary segment. As the genomic organization of Hox genes and the interaction of Hox proteins with specific co-factors are conserved in vertebrates and invertebrates, and similar classes of downstream genes are regulated by Hox proteins across the metazoan phylogeny, our findings represent a first step toward a mechanistic understanding of morphological diversification within a species as well as between species.
DOI	10.1242/dev.02746
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Language of Publication	English
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Publication Type	Journal
Abbreviation	Development
Title	Development
Publication Year	1987-
ISBN/ISSN	0950-1991
Data from Reference
Alleles (17)
	abd-A^{1dB5.Scer\UAS} Abd-B^M2 Abd-B^Scer\UAS.cCa Antp^Scer\UAS.cMb Avic\GFP^{2x.EGFP.Scer\UAS} Dfd¹² Dfd¹⁶ Dfd^Scer\UAS.cLa Ecol\lacZ^Scer\UAS.TZ hep^Act.Scer\UAS Scer\GAL4^arm.PS Scr¹ Scr⁴ Scr^Scer\UAS.cMa Ubx^Scer\UAS.cMa wg^l-12 wg^l-17
Constructs (10)
	P{GAL4-arm.S} P{UAS-2xEGFP} P{UAS-abd-A.M} P{UAS-Abd-B.m.C} P{UAS-Antp.Mb} P{UAS-Dfd.L} P{UAS-Hep.Act} P{UAS-lacZ.TZ} P{UAS-Scr.M} P{UAS-Ubx.M}
Genes (69)
	abd-A Abd-B ana Antp Apc2 Avic\GFP bam barr baz CAP-D2 Cat Cdc16 CG3097 CG5080 CG5756 CG6867 CG30069 Cks30A Cks85A Con CycB CycD dah decay Dfd Dll Drep-1 drpr Ecol\lacZ Eip63E ems Fas3 fz2 fzy grim hep Hsp23 ImpL2 kek5 lab LanA lbk lmgA ltl mad2 Mp20 NetA nub Papss pim prd rpr sage salm Scer\GAL4 Scr Sep5 skl slow spz Su(var)3-3 twe Ubx W wapl wee wg wrapper βTub60D