Reference Report

Reference
Citation	Jones, W.D., Cayirlioglu, P., Kadow, I.G., Vosshall, L.B. (2007). Two chemosensory receptors together mediate carbon dioxide detection in Drosophila. Nature 445(7123): 86--90. (Export to RIS)
FlyBase ID	FBrf0194189
Publication Type	Research paper
PubMed ID	17167414
PubMed Abstract	Blood-feeding insects, including the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae, use highly specialized and sensitive olfactory systems to locate their hosts. This is accomplished by detecting and following plumes of volatile host emissions, which include carbon dioxide (CO2). CO2 is sensed by a population of olfactory sensory neurons in the maxillary palps of mosquitoes and in the antennae of the more genetically tractable fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster. The molecular identity of the chemosensory CO2 receptor, however, remains unknown. Here we report that CO2-responsive neurons in Drosophila co-express a pair of chemosensory receptors, Gr21a and Gr63a, at both larval and adult life stages. We identify mosquito homologues of Gr21a and Gr63a, GPRGR22 and GPRGR24, and show that these are co-expressed in A. gambiae maxillary palps. We show that Gr21a and Gr63a together are sufficient for olfactory CO2-chemosensation in Drosophila. Ectopic expression of Gr21a and Gr63a together confers CO2 sensitivity on CO2-insensitive olfactory neurons, but neither gustatory receptor alone has this function. Mutant flies lacking Gr63a lose both electrophysiological and behavioural responses to CO2. Knowledge of the molecular identity of the insect olfactory CO2 receptors may spur the development of novel mosquito control strategies designed to take advantage of this unique and critical olfactory pathway. This in turn could bolster the worldwide fight against malaria and other insect-borne diseases.
DOI	10.1038/nature05466
Related Publication(s)
Supplementary material	Supplementary information. From the following article: Two chemosensory receptors together mediate carbon dioxide detection in Drosophila. [FBrf0198667]
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Secondary IDs	FBrf0198666
Language of Publication	English
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Parent Publication
Publication Type	Journal
Abbreviation	Nature
Title	Nature
Publication Year	1869-
ISBN/ISSN	0028-0836
Data from Reference
Alleles (10)
	Gr10a^Scer\UAS.cJa Gr21a^Scer\UAS.cJa Gr63a¹ Gr63a^{Scer\SceI.RS.cJa} Gr63a^Scer\UAS.cJa Mmus\Cd8a^{Scer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP} Scer\GAL4^Gr21a.9.323 Scer\GAL4^Gr63a.PF Scer\GAL4^Or22a.7.717 w^+*
Constructs (8)
	P{FRT(w.Scer\SceI.RS.Gr63a)} P{Gr21a-GAL4.9.323} P{Gr63a-GAL4.F} P{Or22a-GAL4.7.717} P{UAS-Gr10a.J} P{UAS-Gr21a.J} P{UAS-Gr63a.J} P{UAS-mCD8::GFP.L}
Genes (9)
	Gr10a Gr21a Gr63a Mmus\Cd8a Or42b Or92a Orco Scer\GAL4 w
Natural transposons (1)
	P-element