Reference Report

Reference
Citation	Dworkin, I., Kennerly, E., Tack, D., Hutchinson, J., Brown, J., Mahaffey, J., Gibson, G. (2009). Genomic Consequences of Background Effects on scalloped Mutant Expressivity in the Wing of Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 181(3): 1065--1076. (Export to RIS)
FlyBase ID	FBrf0207504
Publication Type	Research paper
PubMed ID	19064709
PubMed Abstract	Genetic background effects contribute to the phenotypic consequences of mutations and are pervasive across all domains of life that have been examined, yet little is known about how they modify genetic systems. In part this is due to the lack of tractable model systems that have been explicitly developed to study the genetic and evolutionary consequences of background effects. In this study we demonstrate that phenotypic expressivity of the scalloped(E3) (sd(E3)) mutation of Drosophila melanogaster is background dependent and is the result of at least one major modifier segregating between two standard lab wild-type strains. We provide evidence that at least one of the modifiers is linked to the vestigial region and demonstrate that the background effects modify the spatial distribution of known sd target genes in a genotype-dependent manner. In addition, microarrays were used to examine the consequences of genetic background effects on the global transcriptome. Expression differences between wild-type strains were found to be as large as or larger than the effects of mutations with substantial phenotypic effects, and expression differences between wild type and mutant varied significantly between genetic backgrounds. Significantly, we demonstrate that the epistatic interaction between sd(E3) and an optomotor blind mutation is background dependent. The results are discussed within the context of developing a complex but more realistic view of the consequences of genetic background effects with respect to mutational analysis and studies of epistasis and cryptic genetic variation segregating in natural populations.
DOI	10.1534/genetics.108.096453
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Language of Publication	English
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Publication Type	Journal
Abbreviation	Genetics
Title	Genetics
Publication Year	1916-
ISBN/ISSN	0016-6731
Data from Reference
Alleles (2)
	bi^md653 sd^E3
Genes (115)
	Acon ap arm bai Bgb bi Bka br cathD cbt Cdc27 Cdc37 Cdk9 CecB chic Cks85A cni cora Cp1 crol CSN5 cyc CycD Dg didum dl Dl dlg1 Dll Dmn dp dpa Dr e(r) eIF-4E Eig71Ej ewg eyg flfl fng frc ftz-f1 fzy grh grn gro Hdac3 HDAC4 hdc Hel25E how Hpr1 hth ihog InR Khc klar l(2)gl La lgs loco lok Med Moe morgue Myb Nc nej nmo Nmt Nxt1 Obp99b par-1 par-6 Pgk pll Ptpmeg Rab7 Ref2 rg Rho1 rin rn Rop Rpn10 salm san sbb sd Ser shot sina SMC2 Smg5 sns sog spi Spn27A spn-A sqd sty svp Tehao thoc5 thoc6 Tina-1 tna tsu ttk tub vg vvl wg wupA zip
Insertions (1)
	P{wE}sd^E3