Reference Report

Reference
Citation	Quijano, J.C., Stinchfield, M.J., Newfeld, S.J. (2011). Wg Signaling via Zw3 and Mad Restricts Self-Renewal of Sensory Organ Precursor Cells in Drosophila. Genetics 189(3): 809--824. (Export to RIS)
FlyBase ID	FBrf0216675
Publication Type	Research paper
PubMed ID	21868604
PubMed Abstract	It is well known that the Dpp signal transducer Mad is activated by phosphorylation at its carboxy-terminus. The role of phosphorylation on other regions of Mad is not as well understood. Here we report that the phosphorylation of Mad in the linker region by the Wg antagonist Zw3 (homolog of vertebrate Gsk3-β) regulates the development of sensory organs in the anterior-dorsal quadrant of the wing. Proneural expression of Mad-RNA interference (RNAi) or a Mad transgene with its Zw3/Gsk3-β phosphorylation sites mutated (MGM) generated wings with ectopic sensilla and chemosensory bristle duplications. Studies with pMad-Gsk (an antibody specific to Zw3/Gsk3-β-phosphorylated Mad) in larval wing disks revealed that this phosphorylation event is Wg dependent (via an unconventional mechanism), is restricted to anterior-dorsal sensory organ precursors (SOP) expressing Senseless (Sens), and is always co-expressed with the mitotic marker phospho-histone3. Quantitative analysis in both Mad-RNAi and MGM larval wing disks revealed a significant increase in the number of Sens SOP. We conclude that the phosphorylation of Mad by Zw3 functions to prevent the self-renewal of Sens SOP, perhaps facilitating their differentiation via asymmetric division. The conservation of Zw3/Gsk3-β phosphorylation sites in vertebrate homologs of Mad (Smads) suggests that this pathway, the first transforming growth factor β-independent role for any Smad protein, may be widely utilized for regulating mitosis during development.
DOI	10.1534/genetics.111.133801
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Language of Publication	English
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Publication Type	Journal
Abbreviation	Genetics
Title	Genetics
Publication Year	1916-
ISBN/ISSN	0016-6731
Data from Reference
Alleles (31)
	Axn^{ΔRGS.Scer\UAS} dpp^s4 dpp^s6 dpp^Scer\UAS.cSa dsh^Scer\UAS.cAa Ecol\lacZ^ac.9 Ecol\lacZ^wg-en11 gbb¹ gbb⁴ Mad¹¹ Mad¹² Mad^D14 Mad^{dsRNA.Scer\UAS.cUa} Mad^MGM.Scer\UAS Mad^Scer\UAS.cNa Med⁷ Med⁸ N^{CA.Scer\UAS.cUa} N^DN.Scer\UAS sax¹ sax⁴ Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096 Scer\GAL4^sca-537.4 sgg^{A81T.Scer\UAS} sgg^M11 sgg^S9A.Scer\UAS Smox^MB388 tkv¹ tkv^DN.Scer\UAS tkv^k16713 wg^Scer\UAS.cHa
Constructs (11)
	P{0.9ac-lacZ} P{UAS-Axn.ΔRGS} P{UAS-dpp.S} P{UAS-Mad.MGM} P{UAS-Mad.N} P{UAS-Mad.RNAi.U} P{UAS-N.CA} P{UAS-N.DN} P{UAS-sgg.A81T} P{UAS-sgg.S9A} P{UAS-tkv.DN}
Genes (27)
	ac Axn ct dpp dsh E(spl)m8-HLH Ecol\lacZ elav futsch gbb h His3 Mad Med N pros repo sax Scer\GAL4 sens Ser sgg Smox Su(H) sv tkv wg
Insertions (3)
	P{en1}wg^en11 P{GawB}Bx^MS1096 P{GawB}sca^537.4
Natural transposons (1)
	P-element