ZAM elements are similar in structure and coding potential to vertebrate retroviruses. Members of the family have a long evolutionary history in the genome of Drosophila. Study of ZAM genomic distribution by FISH mapping analysis to polytene or mitotic chromosomes indicates most of the insertion sites are associated with constitutive heterochromatin regardless of the ZAM copy number. Multiple ZAM elements may be present at an insertion site.
Expression is enriched in embryonic gonads.
The consensus target site for ZAM element insertion is 5'-GCGCGCg-3' (the lowercase g indicates less than 50% occurrence of that base).
ZAM elements are similar in structure and coding potential to vertebrate retroviruses. Members of the family have a long evolutionary history in the genome of Drosophila. Study of ZAM genomic distribution by FISH mapping analysis to polytene or mitotic chromosomes indicates most of the insertion sites are associated with constitutive heterochromatin regardless of the ZAM copy number. Multiple ZAM elements may be present at an insertion site.