FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\crc[1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\crc¹

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0001818

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\crc

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

atf4^crc1

Key Links

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

spontaneous

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

hypomorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Mutagen

spontaneous

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Amino acid replacement: Q171R.

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

point_mutation

2L:21,318,382..21,318,382 [+]

Nucleotide change:

A21318382G

Amino acid change:

Q179R | crc-PA; Q96R | crc-PB; Q179R | crc-PE; Q170R | crc-PF

Reported amino acid change:

Q171R

Comment:

The annotated CDS is 8aa longer at the amino terminus than the published CDS accounting for the difference in the reported and annotated mutation locations.

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Disease

Interaction

References

ameliorates oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy

modeled by Hsap\PABPN1^17ala.UAS

(Naït-Saïdi et al., 2023)

ameliorates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{3-42.E3Q.UAS.Tag:SS(rPENK)}

(Tsuda et al., 2017)

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal size (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

decreased cell number | oogenesis (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

decreased fecundity | female (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

decreased fecundity | female | recessive

(Hewes et al., 2000)

increased cell death | oogenesis (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

increased mortality | adult stage | nutrition conditional (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

increased mortality during development | nutrition conditional

(Vasudevan et al., 2020)

lethal | recessive

(Hewes et al., 2000)

lethal - all die before end of P-stage

(Vasudevan et al., 2020)

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive

(Hadorn, 1945)

majority die during larval stage

(Vasudevan et al., 2020)

majority die during larval stage (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

male fertile (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

partially lethal - majority die (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

some die during P-stage

(Vasudevan et al., 2020)

some die during P-stage (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

some die during pupal stage | recessive

(Hadorn, 1945)

visible (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

visible | P-stage

(Vasudevan et al., 2020)

visible | recessive

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Phenotype Manifest In

adult cuticle

(Hewes et al., 2000)

adult head

(Hewes et al., 2000)

adult thorax | dorsal

(Hewes et al., 2000)

anterior pupal spiracle

(Hewes et al., 2000)

anterior pupal spiracle | absent

(Vasudevan et al., 2020)

dorsal appendage | maternal effect (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

egg chamber (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

haltere

(Hewes et al., 2000)

leg

(Hewes et al., 2000, Hadorn, 1945)

leg disc

(Hewes et al., 2000)

ovary (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

pupa

(Vasudevan et al., 2020, Hewes et al., 2000)

pupal abdomen

(Hadorn, 1945)

pupal abdomen (with Df(2L)Rev4)

(Hewes et al., 2000)

retina (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

scutellar bristle

(Hewes et al., 2000)

scutellum

(Hewes et al., 2000)

stalk follicle cell | decreased number (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

wing

(Hewes et al., 2000, Hadorn, 1945)

wing blade (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

wing disc

(Hewes et al., 2000)

wing vein | ectopic (with crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1})

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

Up to 2% adult escapers are seen among crc¹ hemizygotes. Mutants show several lethal phases during larval, pupal and adult development. Hemizygotes show 15-50% of their lethality after pupariation. Hemizygous puparia are generally aberrant to varying degrees (approximately 5% are indistinguishable from wild type). The defects include a failure to evert the anterior spiracles, and a retention of a larval shape, which is thinned, elongated and sometimes curved to one side. In the most severe cases, the abdominal gas bubble, which normally forms approximately 6 hours after pupariation, does not appear, although the larval mouthparts are later expelled. Head eversion fails or is incomplete and the leg and wing discs do not completely elongate. Segmentation and differentiation of the abdomen usually fail, although in some cases the anterior abdominal segments differentiate. Other aspects of adult development proceed normally, resulting in the appearance of mature eye pigments and darkened macrochaetae and differentiation of the wings and legs. Hemizygous females show markedly reduced fecundity. 5-10% of hemizygous adults fail to expand their wings and fully tan the adult cuticle. Other hemizygous adults show more subtle defects involving the wings, legs, scutellum, scutellar bristles, halteres and dorsal thorax.

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Low rate of chitin deposition during prepupal chitin deposition period. Studies of pupal cuticles suggest that crc¹ homozygotes are unable to evert their cephalic complexes at pupation. Total chitin content studies of the pupal cuticle cannot exclude the possibilty of specific increases in chitin content of the head and anterior thorax region.

(Sparrow and Chadfield, 1982)

Head eversion is totally or partially suppressed, wings and legs are shortened, abdomen is longer than normal. Homozygotes die within the puparium after completion of imaginal development.

(Hadorn, 1945)

Homozygotes frequently die as larvae; failure to eliminate chitinous mouthparts at the larval molt frequently results in larvae with supernumerary mouth parts; homozygotes undergo pupation but rarely eclose from puparia. Imaginal head is not everted from thorax. Except for slightly reduced eyes and shortened legs, wings and thoracic bristles, the head and thorax are fully differentiated; frequently fail to pass gas bubble to anterior retro-opercular position, thus failing to provide space for head eversion. Head eversion is inhibited by integument being more rigid than normal. Mutant integument contains more glucosamine than normal; Sparrow and Chadfield (1982) unable to confirm. Feeding glucosamine to wild-type larvae produces a phenocopy very similar to crc. Abdomen often shows no differentiation and internal organ development is arrested at pupal stage. Lethality suppressed by su(crc)1 (Sparrow, 1981). RK3.

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc[+] is an enhancer of lethal phenotype of EcR^{B1-ΔC655.F645A.UAS}, Scer\GAL4^MsrA.602

(Gauthier et al., 2012)

NOT Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc[+] is a non-enhancer of lethal phenotype of EcR^{B1-ΔC655.F645A.UAS}, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Gauthier et al., 2012)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc[+] is a suppressor | partially of lethal phenotype of EcR^{B1-ΔC655.F645A.UAS}, Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

(Gauthier et al., 2012)

crc¹/crc[+] is a suppressor | partially of lethal phenotype of EcR^{B1-ΔC655.F645A.UAS}, Scer\GAL4^Lsp2.PH

(Gauthier et al., 2012)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc[+] is a non-suppressor of lethal phenotype of EcR^{B1-ΔC655.F645A.UAS}, Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

(Gauthier et al., 2012)

crc¹/crc^R6 is a non-suppressor of increased cell death phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF, ninaE^G69D.UAS

(Kang et al., 2012)

Other

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1}, ninaE^G69D/ninaE[+] has abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | progressive phenotype

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

Phenotype Manifest In

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

crc¹ has phenotype, suppressible by Su(crc)2^Su2

(Sparrow, 1981)

crc¹ has phenotype, suppressible by Su(crc)¹

(Sparrow, 1981)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc[+] is an enhancer of egg phenotype of EcR^{B1-ΔC655.F645A.UAS}, Scer\GAL4^slbo.2.6

(Gauthier et al., 2012)

NOT Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc^R6 is a non-suppressor of eye disc phenotype of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF, ninaE^G69D.UAS

(Kang et al., 2012)

Other

Statement

Reference

crc¹/crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1}, ninaE^G69D/ninaE[+] has retina phenotype

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

crc¹/crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1}, ninaE^G69D/ninaE[+] has ommatidium | adult stage phenotype

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

crc¹/crc^{MI02300-GFSTF.1}, ninaE^G69D/ninaE[+] has eye photoreceptor cell | adult stage phenotype

(Vasudevan et al., 2022)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

The massive apoptosis seen in the larval eye discs of animals expressing ninaE^{G69D.Scer\UAS} under the control of Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF is not suppressed by crc^R6/crc¹.

(Kang et al., 2012)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Complements

crc^E85

(Hewes et al., 2000)

crc^E98

(Hewes et al., 2000)

crc^R1

(Hewes et al., 2000)

crc^R2

(Hewes et al., 2000)

crc⁹²⁹

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Fails to complement

crc^R6

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Partially rescued by

crc¹/Df(2L)Rev8 is partially rescued by crc^UAS.cHa

(Hewes et al., 2000)

Comments

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (3)

266

105823

101530

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

Hadorn, 1942.

E. Hadorn.

(Hadorn, 1945)

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (5)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

atf4^crc1

(Ok et al., 2023, Kang et al., 2017)

crc

(Sparrow, 1981)

crc¹

(Mori et al., 2025, Walsh et al., 2025, Naït-Saïdi et al., 2023, Vasudevan et al., 2022, Brown et al., 2021, Vasudevan et al., 2020, Tsuda et al., 2017, Vasudevan et al., 2017, Gauthier et al., 2012, Kang et al., 2012)

l(2)crc

Name Synonyms

lethal(2)cryptocephal

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (17)

Report Sections

Open Close