FB2025_01 , released February 20, 2025
Allele: Dmel\Rac1V12.UAS
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Rac1V12.UAS
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
FlyBase ID
FBal0038997
Feature type
allele
Associated gene
Dmel\Rac1
Associated Insertion(s)
Carried in Construct
P{UAS-Rac1.V12}
Also Known As
UAS-Rac1V12, UAS-RacV12, UAS-dRac1V12, UAS-RacV12, UAS-Rac1.V12, UAS-Rac1V12, UAS-Drac1V12, UAS-Rac1G12V, UAS-Drac1(V12), UAS-Rac1-CA
Key Links
Transgenic product class
missense_variant
(Luo et al., 1994)
Mutagen
Nature of the Allele
Transgenic product class
missense_variant
(Luo et al., 1994)
Mutagen
in vitro construct
(Luo et al., 1994)
Progenitor genotype
Carried in construct
P{UAS-Rac1.V12}
Cytology
Description

A constitutively active form of Rac1 (carries the amino acid replacement G12V) is expressed under the control of UASt regulatory sequences.

(Luo et al., 1994)
Allele components
Component
Use(s)
Regulatory region(s)
UASt
Encoded product / tool
Rac1
Mutations Mapped to the Genome
Curation Data
Type
Location
Additional Notes
References
Variant Molecular Consequences
Associated Sequence Data
DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank
DNA sequence
Protein sequence
 
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Expression Data
      Reporter Expression
      Additional Information
      Statement
      Reference
       
      Marker for
      Reflects expression of
      Reporter construct used in assay
      Human Disease Associations
      Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
      Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
      Disease
      Evidence
      References
      Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
      Disease
      Interaction
      References
      exacerbates  Machado-Joseph disease
      modeled by Hsap\ATXN3tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA
      (Lee et al., 2011)
      ameliorates  autism spectrum disorder
      modeled by Fmr15-HA-1014
      (Dong et al., 2016)
      Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
       
      Disease-implicated variant(s)
       
      Phenotypic Data
      Phenotypic Class

      abnormal cell migration | embryonic stage 8, with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE

      (van Impel et al., 2009)

      abnormal cell migration | embryonic stage 10, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR

      (Renault et al., 2010)

      abnormal cell migration | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4447.2

      (Couceiro et al., 2005)

      abnormal cell polarity, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS

      (Chihara et al., 2003)

      abnormal learning | adult stage | RU486 conditional, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.247.Switch

      (Ojelade et al., 2015)

      abnormal memory, with Scer\GAL4GMR13F02

      (Cervantes-Sandoval et al., 2016)

      abnormal memory | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107

      (Murakami et al., 2017, Shuai et al., 2010)

      abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4ato.3.6

      (Srahna et al., 2006)

      abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107

      (Abe et al., 2014)

      abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4SG18.1

      (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002)

      abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4shot-OK307

      (Allen et al., 2000)

      abnormal neuroanatomy | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage | conditional, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Dominicci-Cotto et al., 2024)

      abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4BG380

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Kim et al., 2019, Ball et al., 2010)

      abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      abnormal planar polarity | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      abnormal size | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4BG380

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      abnormal size | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      abnormal size | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      increased cell number | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4wor.PA

      (de Torres-Jurado et al., 2022)

      lethal, with Scer\GAL4212

      (Murphy and Montell, 1996)

      lethal, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      lethal, with Scer\GAL4He.PZ

      (Zettervall et al., 2004)

      lethal, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB

      (Murphy and Montell, 1996)

      lethal | female, with Scer\GAL4306

      (Murphy and Montell, 1996)

      lethal | female, with Scer\GAL4458

      (Murphy and Montell, 1996)

      lethal | heat sensitive, with Scer\GAL4shot-OK307

      (Allen et al., 2000)

      lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4DB331

      (Leiss et al., 2009)

      lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4srp.Hemo

      (Ninov et al., 2007)

      some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4DB331

      (Leiss et al., 2009)

      some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4srp.Hemo

      (Ninov et al., 2007)

      viable, with Scer\GAL4198Y

      (Murphy and Montell, 1996)

      visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)
      Phenotype Manifest In

      actin filament & border follicle cell | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI

      (Duchek et al., 2001)

      adult antennal lobe commissure, with Scer\GAL4SG18.1

      (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002)

      adult mushroom body alpha-lobe, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107

      (Abe et al., 2014)

      adult mushroom body beta-lobe, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107

      (Abe et al., 2014)

      amnioserosa, with Scer\GAL4332.3

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      amnioserosa, with Scer\GAL4c381

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      amnioserosa, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB

      (Conder et al., 2004, Harden et al., 2002)

      antennal lobe, with Scer\GAL4SG18.1

      (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002)

      axon & dorsal cluster neuron, with Scer\GAL4ato.3.6

      (Srahna et al., 2006)

      border follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6

      (Medioni and Noselli, 2005, Geisbrecht and Montell, 2004, Duchek et al., 2001)

      border follicle cell | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI

      (Duchek et al., 2001)

      commissure | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      dendrite, with Scer\GAL4shot-OK307

      (Allen et al., 2000)

      dendrite | dorsal | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL460

      (Gao et al., 1999)

      denticle | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4wg.PM

      (Jones and Bejsovec, 2005)

      dMP2 neuron, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4332.3

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4c381

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB

      (Conder et al., 2004, Harden et al., 1999)

      embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1

      (Raymond et al., 2001, Harden et al., 1999)

      embryonic/larval anterior midgut, with Scer\GAL4NP3392

      (Taniguchi et al., 2007)

      embryonic/larval dorsal tracheal branch | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS

      (Couceiro et al., 2005)

      embryonic/larval hemocyte, with Scer\GAL4crq.PO

      (Olofsson and Page, 2005)

      embryonic/larval hindgut, with Scer\GAL4how-24B

      (Luo et al., 1994)

      embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | larval stage | conditional, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Dominicci-Cotto et al., 2024)

      embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4BG380

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Kim et al., 2019, Ball et al., 2010)

      embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      embryonic/larval plasmatocyte, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PA

      (Jean et al., 2012)

      embryonic/larval plasmatocyte, with Scer\GAL4Col4a1-A109.1F2.P

      (Paladi and Tepass, 2004)

      embryonic/larval plasmatocyte, with Scer\GAL4gcm-rA87.P

      (Paladi and Tepass, 2004)

      embryonic/larval plasmatocyte, with Scer\GAL4unspecified

      (Paladi and Tepass, 2004)

      embryonic/larval spiracle primordium, with Scer\GAL4ems.HRE

      (Lovegrove et al., 2006)

      embryonic/larval tracheal dorsal trunk | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS

      (Couceiro et al., 2005)

      embryonic/larval tracheal section, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS

      (Iordanou et al., 2014)

      embryonic/larval tracheal section, with Scer\GAL4how-24B

      (Luo et al., 1994)

      embryonic anterior Malpighian tubule, with Scer\GAL4crq.PO

      (Bunt et al., 2010)

      embryonic dorsal epidermis, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E

      (Woolner et al., 2005)

      embryonic epidermis, with Scer\GAL4332.3

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      embryonic epidermis, with Scer\GAL4c381

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      embryonic epidermis, with Scer\GAL4hs.PB

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      eye, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      eye | posterior, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      eye disc, with Scer\GAL4ey.PH

      (Benlali et al., 2000)

      eye photoreceptor cell, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP

      (Dobens et al., 2001)

      germ band, with Scer\GAL4c381

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      germline cell | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR

      (Renault et al., 2010)

      giant axon, with Scer\GAL4shot-OK307

      (Allen et al., 2000)

      hemocyte, with Scer\GAL4crq.PO

      (Bunt et al., 2010)

      hemocyte, with Scer\GAL4srp.Hemo

      (Ninov et al., 2007)

      hindgut proper primordium, with Scer\GAL4how-24B

      (Luo et al., 1994)

      lamellipodium, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E

      (Woolner et al., 2005)

      larval abdominal intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Kaufmann et al., 1998)

      larval abdominal intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407

      (Luo et al., 1994)

      larval abdominal segmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu

      (Sone et al., 1997)

      larval intersegmental nerve, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      larval longitudinal connective, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Olofsson and Page, 2005)

      larval neuron, with Scer\GAL4unspecified

      (Allan et al., 2003)

      larval somatic muscle cell, with Scer\GAL4how-24B

      (Doberstein et al., 1997)

      larval ventral nerve cord, with Scer\GAL4unspecified

      (Allan et al., 2003)

      larval ventral nerve cord | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4158

      (Olofsson and Page, 2005)

      larval ventral nerve cord | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4crq.PO

      (Olofsson and Page, 2005)

      larval ventral nerve cord | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Olofsson and Page, 2005)

      larval ventral nerve cord commissure, with Scer\GAL4sim.PS

      (Hummel et al., 2000)

      larval ventral nerve cord commissure | embryonic stage 16, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      larval VUM neuron, with Scer\GAL4sim.PS

      (Hummel et al., 2000)

      longitudinal trunk visceral muscle primordium, with Scer\GAL4447.2

      (Couceiro et al., 2005)

      mesoderm | embryonic stage 8, with Scer\GAL4twi.2PE

      (van Impel et al., 2009)

      midgut primordium, with Scer\GAL4how-24B

      (Luo et al., 1994)

      mushroom body pedunculus, with Scer\GAL4ey-OK107

      (Abe et al., 2014)

      myoblast, with Scer\GAL4how-24B

      (Doberstein et al., 1997, Luo et al., 1994)

      neurite, with Scer\GAL4shot-OK307

      (Allen et al., 2000)

      neuroblast | increased number | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4wor.PA

      (de Torres-Jurado et al., 2022)

      NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4BG380

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Kim et al., 2019, Ball et al., 2010)

      NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4RapGAP1-OK6

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4hs.2sev

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      pCC neuron, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      PNS glial cell, with Scer\GAL4repo

      (Sepp and Auld, 2003)

      polar follicle cell, with Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6

      (Medioni and Noselli, 2005)

      presumptive embryonic salivary gland, with Scer\GAL4fkh.PH

      (Pirraglia et al., 2006)

      tracheal branch primordium, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS

      (Chihara et al., 2003)

      visceral muscle fiber | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4sns.PK

      (Liu et al., 2013)

      vMP2 neuron, with Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)
      Detailed Description
      Statement
      Reference

      Third instar larvae expressing Rac1V12.UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155 display supernumerary mature and satellite NMJ boutons.

      (Kim et al., 2019)

      The adulthood-only expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the combined control of Scer\GAL4ey-OK107 and Gal80[ts] leads to a severe decrease in intermediate-term olfactory memory (3h after conditioning), as compared to controls.

      (Murakami et al., 2017)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR13F02 (in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the adult stage) results in decreased memory after conditioning in an olfactory conditioning assay.

      (Cervantes-Sandoval et al., 2016)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4hs.2sev causes defects in ommatidial rotation (planar cell polarity-like defects) and R-cell loss in the adult eye.

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Adult mushroom body specific (using Scer\GAL4Mef2.247.Switch adults fed mifepristone/RU486) Rac1V12.Scer\UAS knockdown causes loss of acquired ethanol preference, as is seen in wild type (show increased ethanol consumption over 4 days); mutant flies have normal naive ethanol preference.

      (Ojelade et al., 2015)

      The mushroom body axons of flies expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ey-OK107 fail to extend to form peduncles and lobe structures (the 'posterior arrest' phenotype). Scer\GAL4ey-OK107>Rac1V12.Scer\UAS expressing clones that exhibit the posterior arrest phenotype display ectopic regions of F-actin in the posteriorly arrested axons.

      (Abe et al., 2014)

      Scer\GAL4btl.PS-mediated expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS severely disrupts tracheal development.

      (Iordanou et al., 2014)

      Scer\GAL4sns.PK-mediated expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS results in detached muscles in embryos.

      (Liu et al., 2013)

      Primary macrophages isolated from animals expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Cg.PA have an excess number of F-actin rich protrusions compared to wild type.

      (Jean et al., 2012)

      Expression of the constitutively active Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4sev.EP results in a normal eye phenotype.

      (Morris et al., 2012)

      Flies with induced expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155 and Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B do not display enhanced stress resistance compared to wild-type and exhibit diminished survival rates in high temperatures and when under paraquat-induced oxidative stress, compared to controls.

      A shortened life span is observed after continuous expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS for three days under the control of Scer\GAL4elav-C155 and Scer\GAL80ts.αTub84B (with flies kept at 30[o]C).

      (Shuai et al., 2011)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of the neuronal drivers Scer\GAL4BG380, Scer\GAL4OK6 or Scer\GAL4elav-C155 leads to neuromuscular junction overgrowth during larval development, resulting in an increase in the number of synaptic boutons, branches and the appearance of abnormal synaptic protrusions. No overgrowth is seen when Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is expressed in muscle under the control of the Scer\GAL4Mhc.PW driver.

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS in the haemocytes under the control of Scer\GAL4crq.PO results in a failure of haemocyte migration into the posterior half of the embryo. These embryos also display a failure of anterior Malpighian tubule migration into the anterior half of the embryo. In these animals, the anterior pair of tubules projects into the posterior half of the embryo.

      (Bunt et al., 2010)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 blocks the transepithelial migration of germ cells leading the majority of germ cells to adhere to each other inside the midgut at late stages. The few germ cells that do manage to cross the gut epithelium are scattered in the soma at stage 16.

      (Renault et al., 2010)

      Conditional expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ey-OK107 (using tub-Gal80[ts] to limit the expression to the adult stage) results in accelerated memory decay compared to controls although the immediate memory (3 and 15 in after training) is not affected. The sensimotor responses or mushroom body morphology are also not impaired. The Rac1V12.Scer\UAS expressing flies perform better compared to controls in an reversal learning aversive olfactory assay (in which the odor-shock contingency is reversed in each training session).

      (Shuai et al., 2010)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS in the mesoderm under the control of Scer\GAL4twi.2PE results in mesoderm migration defects.

      (van Impel et al., 2009)

      Stage 16 embryos overexpressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4ftz.ng display axon bundles that cross the midline inappropriately.

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4srp.Hemo results in a 100% pentrant absence of haemocytes from the abdomen at 24 hours APF.

      (Ninov et al., 2007)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Gap1-NP3392 results in defects in the left-right asymmetry of the anterior midgut. 13% of embryos show inversion of the normal left-right asymmetry and 5% show no left-right asymmetry.

      (Taniguchi et al., 2007)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ems.HRE eliminates the spiracular chamber.

      (Lovegrove et al., 2006)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS, under the control of Scer\GAL4ato.3.6, induces premature and severe retraction of dorsal cluster neuron axons visible even at L3.

      (Srahna et al., 2006)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is expressed in the caudal visceral mesoderm (CVM) cells under the control of Scer\GAL4447.2 they fail to migrate towards the anterior pole of the embryo. The CVM cells remain viable at the posterior end of the embryo, indicating that cell survival is unaffected.

      Expression of vavΔ1-207.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 under the control of the tracheal system driver Scer\GAL4btl.PS results in a variety of defects in the embryo including truncation of the tracheal dorsal trunk in some segments and severely misguided dorsal branching.

      (Couceiro et al., 2005)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4wg.PM does not block cuticle secretion in embryos, but instead causes excess specification of denticles.

      (Jones and Bejsovec, 2005)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS in border cells, driven by Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6, causes a border cell cluster migration defect in over 50-60% of egg chambers. However, the apical cap of these egg chambers forms and is shed normally.

      (Medioni and Noselli, 2005)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS, under the control of the hemocyte-specific driver Scer\GAL4crq.PO, inhibits hemocyte migration in the embryo by stage 14. Hemocytes begin migration out of the head region, but then lose polarized migration and accumulate in the anterior of the embryo. At stage 17, the ventral nerve cord is shorter in Rac1V12.Scer\UAS embryos than in wild-type, indicating that the VNC fails to condense correctly in Rac1V12.Scer\UAS mutants. Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS in the lateral glia, driven by Scer\GAL4158, results in inhibition of VNC condensation in embryos but does not affect the pattern of axon tracts within the VNC. The differentiation and survival of the lateral glial cells are also unaffected. Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS throughout the CNS, driven by Scer\GAL4elav-C155, inhibits VNC condensation and disrupts the pattern of axon tracts within the VNC.

      (Olofsson and Page, 2005)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS in segmental stripes of the embryonic epithelium, driven by Scer\GAL4en-e16E, allows the embryo to survive to the dorsal closure stage. The leading edge cells of these embryos show produce larger lamellipodia than wild-type cells and appear to have a migrational advantage over neighbouring wild-type cells, so that the Scer\GAL4en-e16E stripes fuse with one another, resulting in almost all of the leading edge expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS. This leads to premature termination of dorsal closure, leaving a large hole in the dorsal epithelium.

      (Woolner et al., 2005)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven by Scer\GAL4hs.PB (and heat shock) excessive contraction of the amnioserosa is seen. Also loss of cuticle secretion is seen.

      (Conder et al., 2004)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6 results in severe defects in border follicle cell migration.

      (Geisbrecht and Montell, 2004)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4gcm-rA87.P blocks macrophage migration in embryos; most macrophages are unable to migrate and remain clustered anteriorly.

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Cg25C-A109.1F2.P causes strong clustering of macrophages in the embryo, resulting in large regions of the embryo that are devoid of macrophages at stage 17. The macrophages extend longer, more prominent cellular protrusions than in wild type, and have a more elongated, spindle-like shape than in control embryos.

      Macrophages expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4unspecified show strongly elevated levels of cortical F-actin compared to wild type. The macrophages that cluster around the foregut in these mutant embryos form an excessive number of lamellipodia. Some of the mutant macrophages contain two nuclei.

      (Paladi and Tepass, 2004)

      Rac1V12.Scer\UAS expression causes Tv axons to stall before reaching the midline and fail to innervate the dorsal neurohemal organs.

      (Allan et al., 2003)

      After late stage 12 the tracheal primordia of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS; Scer\GAL4btl.PS embryos lose their branched morphology: cells budding from the tracheal primordia remain attached by thin stalks of cytoplasm for around 30 minutes before being expelled into the body cavity. This process is co-incident with a loss of polarity in these cells. By stage 15 the tracheal primordia fuse together to form one or two cell clusters on either side of the body cavity.

      (Chihara et al., 2003)

      S2R+ cells expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PKu show a dramatic increase in the level of cortical F-actin.

      (Kunda et al., 2003)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven in the eye by Scer\GAL4GMR.PF, a mild rough eye phenotype and a complete loss of ommatidia is seen in the posterior region. When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven by Scer\GAL4elav-C155, 29% of ISNb are arrested at the site of contact with ventral longitudinal muscle 13 before reaching their final target, muscle 12. No midline crossing longitudinal connectives is seen.

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven by Scer\GAL4repo in embryos, they display collapsed glial sheaths as well as PNS glial migration defects. The lateral line glia fail to connect across hemi-segments.

      (Sepp and Auld, 2003)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven by Scer\GAL4ftz.ng, midline crossovers are seen in the pCC/MP2 pathway axons in 77% of embryos. An average of 2.4 crossovers are seen per embryo. When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven by Scer\GAL4elav.PLu, no adults eclose.

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS, driven by Scer\GAL4332.3 results in failure to secrete cuticle in 41% of embryos. In embryos which do manage to secrete cuticle, 47% show puckering of the dorsal surface. In early stage 14 embryos Rac1V12.Scer\UAS expression, driven by Scer\GAL4332.3, results in contraction of the amnioserosa, with greatly constricted cells that occupy less than half of the dorsal hole at its posterior end. In wild-type embryos, only the end amnioserosa cells constrict but Rac1V12.Scer\UAS overexpression causes constriction of all cells. A similar effect is seen when Rac1V12.Scer\UAS expression is induced through heat shock by the Scer\GAL4hs.PB driver. In stage 15 embryos expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4332.3 there is bunched closure of the epidermis around the amnioserosa causing the embryos to become bowed, with their heads and tails pulled in towards each other. This effect is likewise seen in embryos where Rac1V12.Scer\UAS expression is driven by Scer\GAL4hs.PB. Although overexpression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4c381 does not cause failure of cuticle formation, cuticles show puckers extending out from the dorsal surface. Such embryos fail to undergo germband retraction but are able to complete dorsal closure. As with expression driven by Scer\GAL4332.3, Scer\GAL4c381-driven expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS causes the same bunched closure of the epidermis and contraction of the amnioserosa.

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4SG18.1 has no effect on the peripheral organisation of the olfactory neurons, but the neurons are disturbed within the olfactory lobe and the inter-antennal commissure is not formed.

      (Jhaveri and Rodrigues, 2002)

      Clones of cells expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP are not recovered in the nurse cell follicle cells. Clones of cells expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP in the posterior follicle cells but not in the main body portion result in posterior cells both in and adjacent to the clone delaminating and leaving the continuous follicle epithelium.

      (Dobens et al., 2001)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven by Scer\GAL4slbo.2.6 border cell migration is completely blocked. When clones of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS are created in the follicle cells (driven by Scer\GAL4Act5C.PI) a dramatic accumulation of F-Actin in these cells is seen.

      (Duchek et al., 2001)

      Embryos expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 are completely disorganised and produce only random pieces of cuticle.

      (Raymond et al., 2001)

      Scer\GAL4A307; Rac1V12.Scer\UAS flies at 25[o]C do not survive till adulthood. Adult progeny raised at 18[o]C exhibit gross GF abnormalities, with no neurite extensions.

      (Allen et al., 2000)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ey.PH results in an extreme reduction in the size of the eye disc.

      (Benlali et al., 2000)

      Frequent defects in the projection pattern of VUM neurons are seen in stage 14 embryos expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4sim.PS. At stage 16, a fused commissure phenotype is seen.

      (Hummel et al., 2000)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is driven in postmitotic neurons by Scer\GAL460 it effects dendrite outgrowth at low penetrance.

      (Gao et al., 1999)

      Embryos expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 or Scer\GAL4hs.PB (using heat shock) usually only produce small pieces of cuticle. The embryos show a dramatic bunching of the lateral epidermis around the amnioserosa. Rac1V12.Scer\UAS expressed under the control of Scer\GAL4hs.PB suppresses the failure of dorsal closure caused by expression of Rac1N17.hs.

      (Harden et al., 1999)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL448Y in the developing midgut does not result in accelerated migration of the endodermal midgut cells.

      (Martin-Bermudo et al., 1999)

      Scer\GAL4elav-C155-mediated expression causes arrest of the ISNb growth cone when it contacts with muscle 14.

      (Kaufmann et al., 1998)

      Scer\GAL4how-24B-mediated expression causes myoblasts to distribute into groups at locations corresponding to ventral, lateral and dorsal muscle groups and the myoblasts generally fail to fuse. 10% myoblasts do fuse forming rudimentary myotubes, the remaining unfused cells have a more elongated morphology. Many prefusion complexes are present, electron dense membrane plaques are present and cells appear to elongate and align normally. However, only in a few cases does the plasma membrane vesiculate in any serious way, few membrane pores are observed. By stage 14 many myoblasts are dead, dying or cleared by macrophages.

      (Doberstein et al., 1997)

      When driven by a Scer\GAL4 line expressed under the influence of an elav promoter, the SNb motor neuron bundle is missing.

      (Sone et al., 1997)

      Scer\GAL4198Y-mediated expression does not causes border cell migration defects.

      (Murphy and Montell, 1996)

      Embryos exhibit spontaneous and evoked muscle contraction with Scer\GAL4elav.PLu and Scer\GAL460, little muscle contraction with Scer\GAL41407 and no muscle contraction, abnormal gut and tracheae with Scer\GAL4how-24B (the segmentally repeated myoblast cells fail to fuse with each other). When in combination with Scer\GAL41407 one copy of Rac1L89.Scer\UAS causes some axonal loss between the lateral and dorsal clusters, two copies causes greater loss. One copy of Rac1Scer\UAS.cLa ameliorates this axonal loss. Scer\GAL4elav.PLu causes permanent arrest of the axons moving from the dorsal to lateral cluster.

      (Luo et al., 1994)
      External Data
      Interactions
      Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors
      Phenotypic Class
      Enhanced by
      NOT Enhanced by
      Suppressed by
      NOT suppressed by
      Enhancer of
      Suppressor of
      NOT Suppressor of
      Other
      Phenotype Manifest In
      Enhanced by
      Statement
      Reference

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4sev.EP/FrlDN.UAS

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by Scer\GAL4sev.EP/FrlDN.UAS

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by Frl[+]/FrlExK62

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has larval ventral nerve cord commissure | embryonic stage 16 phenotype, enhanceable by Ggal\MLCKct.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has commissure | embryonic stage 16 phenotype, enhanceable by fraUAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has larval ventral nerve cord commissure | embryonic stage 16 phenotype, enhanceable by fraUAS.cKa, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has commissure | embryonic stage 16 phenotype, enhanceable by Ggal\MLCKct.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4NP3392 has embryonic/larval anterior midgut phenotype, enhanceable by pucGS16811/puc[+]

      (Taniguchi et al., 2007)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has eye phenotype, enhanceable by Fmr1EP3517, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by Fmr1EP3517, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has larval intersegmental nerve phenotype, enhanceable by Cyfipunspecified

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has eye | posterior phenotype, enhanceable by Cyfipunspecified

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has ommatidium phenotype, enhanceable by Cyfipunspecified

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has dMP2 neuron phenotype, enhanceable by robo11

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has vMP2 neuron phenotype, enhanceable by robo11

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has pCC neuron phenotype, enhanceable by robo11

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)
      NOT Enhanced by
      Statement
      Reference

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, non-enhanceable by Frl[+]/FrlEx83

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has ommatidium phenotype, non-enhanceable by Frl[+]/FrlEx83

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, non-enhanceable by Frl[+]/FrlEx88

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has ommatidium phenotype, non-enhanceable by Frl[+]/FrlEx88

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.2sev has eye photoreceptor cell phenotype, non-enhanceable by Frl[+]/FrlExK62

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.PB has amnioserosa phenotype, non-enhanceable by Pak6

      (Conder et al., 2004)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.PB has amnioserosa phenotype, non-enhanceable by PakAID.UAS.Tag:FLAG, Scer\GAL4hs.PB

      (Conder et al., 2004)
      Suppressed by
      Statement
      Reference

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has embryonic/larval neuromuscular junction | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Abi5/Abi[+]

      (Kim et al., 2019)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Abi5/Abi[+]

      (Kim et al., 2019)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has commissure | embryonic stage 16 phenotype, suppressible | partially by fra4/fra[+]

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has larval ventral nerve cord commissure | embryonic stage 16 phenotype, suppressible | partially by fra4/fra[+]

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4fkh.PH has presumptive embryonic salivary gland phenotype, suppressible | partially by shgUAS.sgGFP, Scer\GAL4fkh.PH

      (Pirraglia et al., 2006)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4fkh.PH has presumptive embryonic salivary gland phenotype, suppressible | partially by shiK44A.UAS, Scer\GAL4fkh.PH

      (Pirraglia et al., 2006)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4hs.PB has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible by Pak6

      (Conder et al., 2004)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has ommatidium phenotype, suppressible | partially by CyfipEP3267, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has eye | posterior phenotype, suppressible | partially by CyfipEP3267, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has larval intersegmental nerve phenotype, suppressible by CyfipEP3267, Scer\GAL4elav-C155

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has dMP2 neuron phenotype, suppressible by chicsand-1

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has pCC neuron phenotype, suppressible by chicsand-1

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng has vMP2 neuron phenotype, suppressible by chicsand-1

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 has embryonic/first instar larval cuticle phenotype, suppressible by RacGAP84CUAS.cRa, Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1

      (Raymond et al., 2001)
      NOT suppressed by
      Enhancer of
      Statement
      Reference

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4hs.2sev is an enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of FrlDN.UAS, Scer\GAL4sev.EP

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4hs.2sev is an enhancer of eye photoreceptor cell phenotype of FrlDN.UAS, Scer\GAL4sev.EP

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ppk.PG is an enhancer of larval multidendritic class IV neuron | larval stage phenotype of Hsap\ATXN3tr.Q78.UAS.Tag:HA, Scer\GAL4ppk.PG

      (Lee et al., 2011)

      Scer\GAL460/Rac1V12.UAS is an enhancer of larval intersegmental nerve | heat sensitive phenotype of Nl1N-ts1

      (Song and Giniger, 2011)

      Scer\GAL460/Rac1V12.UAS is an enhancer of larval intersegmental nerve branch ISNb of A1-7 | heat sensitive phenotype of Nl1N-ts1

      (Song and Giniger, 2011)

      Scer\GAL4twi.2PE/Rac1V12.UAS is an enhancer of mesoderm phenotype of pbl5

      (van Impel et al., 2009)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF is an enhancer of eye phenotype of Fmr1EP3517, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF is an enhancer of ommatidium phenotype of Fmr1EP3517, Scer\GAL4GMR.PF

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of dMP2 neuron phenotype of robo11

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of pCC neuron phenotype of robo11

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of vMP2 neuron phenotype of robo11

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of dMP2 neuron phenotype of Sose49

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of pCC neuron phenotype of Sose49

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS/Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of vMP2 neuron phenotype of Sose49

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of dMP2 neuron phenotype of Ggal\MLCKct.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of pCC neuron phenotype of Ggal\MLCKct.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      Rac1V12.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng is an enhancer of vMP2 neuron phenotype of Ggal\MLCKct.UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)
      Suppressor of
      NOT Suppressor of
      Other
      Additional Comments
      Genetic Interactions
      Statement
      Reference

      The intermediate-term olfactory memory defects resulting from the adulthood-only expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS, under the combined control of Scer\GAL4ey-OK107 and Gal80[ts], are enhanced by Rgk1Δ heterozygosity, are fully suppressed by the co-expression of Rgk1Scer\UAS.B.T:Avic\GFP, are partially suppressed by the co-expression of Rgk1ΔN.Scer\UAS.B.T:Avic\GFP, and are not suppressed by the co-expression of Rgk1ΔC.Scer\UAS.B.T:Avic\GFP.

      (Murakami et al., 2017)

      Co-expression of scribKK106065 does not affect the memory performance of flies expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4GMR13F02 (in combination with a Gal80[ts] transgene to restrict expression to the adult stage).

      (Cervantes-Sandoval et al., 2016)

      Presence of FrlEx83/+ or FrlEx88/+ does not enhance eye phenotypes in flies with Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4hs.2sev; presence of FrlExK62/+ enhances ommatidial rotation defects. Expression of FrlDN.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4sev.EP enhances (likely additive) eye phenotypes (ommatidial rotation defects and R-cell loss) in flies with Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4hs.2sev.

      (Dollar et al., 2016)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4elav.Switch.PO (and feeding with RU486 to induce expression via the GeneSwitch system) significantly suppresses the reversal-learning defect observed in Fmr15-HA-1014/Fmr15-HA-1014 mutants.

      (Dong et al., 2016)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS via Scer\GAL4sns.PK partially rescues the msk4 embryonic muscle detachment phenotype.

      (Liu et al., 2013)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS suppresses the loss of F-actin rich protrusions seen in macrophages isolated from animals expressing SbfGD12081 under the control of Scer\GAL4Cg.PA.

      (Jean et al., 2012)

      Severely reduced eyes are produced in homozygous CRMPsupK1 animals also expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4sev.EP.

      (Morris et al., 2012)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4twi.PU partially rescues mesodermal cell morphology in pbl2/pbl3 embryos: cellular protrusions are restored, but the defect in cell rounding is not rescued.

      (Murray et al., 2012)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4sns.PK rescues myoblast fusion in homozygous mbcD11.2 embryos such that the somatic muscle pattern is almost wild type.

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4kirre-rP298 does not rescue myoblast fusion in homozygous mbcD11.2 embryos.

      (Haralalka et al., 2011)

      Expression of a constitutively active form of Rac1, Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL460, significantly increases the occurrence of ISNb bypass in Nl1N-ts1 embryos.

      (Song and Giniger, 2011)

      Expression of Mad1/Madk00237 fails to suppress the larval neuromuscular junction overgrowth and bouton number phenotypes seen when Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is expressed in motor neurons under the control of Scer\GAL4BG380.

      Expression of witA12/witHA3 fails to suppress the larval neuromuscular junction overgrowth and bouton number phenotypes seen when Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is expressed in motor neurons under the control of Scer\GAL4BG380.

      trioS137203/trio6A does not suppress the larval neuromuscular junction overgrowth and increase in bouton number seen when Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is expressed in motor neurons under the control of Scer\GAL4BG380.

      (Ball et al., 2010)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS in the germline under the control of Scer\GAL4nos.UTR.T:Hsim\VP16 rescues the germ cell death seen in embryos derived from females carrying wun49 wun2EP2650ex34 germline clones. No germ cells can be detected outside of the gut.

      (Renault et al., 2010)

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4twi.2PE enhances the mesodermal migration defects seen in pbl5 homozygotes.

      (van Impel et al., 2009)

      Heterozygous fra4 partially suppresses the incorrect midline crossing phenotype of ventral nerve cord axons in embryos overexpressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS via Scer\GAL4ftz.ng.

      Co-expression of fraScer\UAS.cKa with Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ftz.ng results in a strong synergistic increase in the frequency of incorrect axon projections across the midline, compared with Rac1V12.Scer\UAS-overexpression alone.

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      pucGS16811/+ significantly enhances the defects in left-right asymmetry of the anterior midgut which are seen in embryos expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4Gap1-NP3392. 20% of the double mutant embryos show inversion of the normal left-right asymmetry and 42% show no left-right asymmetry.

      (Taniguchi et al., 2007)

      The salivary gland defects seen in embryos expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4fkh.PH are partially suppressed by co-expression of shgScer\UAS.T:Avic\GFP-rs.

      Co-expression of shiK44A.Scer\UAS partially restores salivary gland integrity in embryos expressing Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4fkh.PH, but the glands are narrower and have fewer cells than wild type.

      (Pirraglia et al., 2006)

      The combination of Sra-1EP3267 and Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4GMR.PF has a weaker eye phenotype than Rac1V12.Scer\UAS (driven by Scer\GAL4GMR.PF) alone. These phenotypes are enhanced by heterozygous Sra-1unspecified. The combination of Sra-1EP3267 and Rac1V12.Scer\UAS driven by Scer\GAL4elav-C155 has a ISNb stalling phenotype (only 17% exhibit the phenotype compared to 29%) than Rac1V12.Scer\UAS (driven by Scer\GAL4elav-C155) alone. These phenotypes are enhanced by heterozygous Sra-1unspecified (Stalling reaches 53%). In Rac1V12.Scer\UAS, Scer\GAL4elav-C155 embryos combined with heterozygous Sra-1unspecified, midline crossing of longitudinal connectives is seen.

      (Schenck et al., 2003)

      The addition of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS (driven by Scer\GAL4ftz.ng) to robo1/+ embryos enhances the midline crossover phenotype seen in the pCC/MP2 pathway axons. 100% of embryos exhibit the phenotype. An average of 6.5 crossovers are seen per embryo. The addition of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS (driven by Scer\GAL4ftz.ng) to Sose49 homozygous embryos enhances the midline crossover phenotype seen in the pCC/MP2 pathway axons. % of embryos exhibit the phenotype. An average of crossovers are seen per embryo. The addition of chicsand-1 to Rac1V12.Scer\UAS suppresses the midline crossover phenotypes in the pCC/MP2 pathway axons. 57.3% of embryos exhibit the phenotype. An average of 1.5 crossovers are seen per embryo.

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)

      When Rac1V12.Scer\UAS is expressed by heat shock using the Scer\GAL4hs.PB driver in a crbS010409 homozygous mutant background, mutants no longer show contraction of the entire amnioserosa. These embryos show premature apical constriction of cells at the anterior end of the amnioserosa prior to the onset of dorsal closure in a manner similar to that seen crbScer\UAS.cWa overexpression driven by Scer\GAL4332.3.

      (Harden et al., 2002)

      Co-expression of RacGAP84CScer\UAS.cRa suppresses the phenotype caused by expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1 so that 1/3 of embryos have only limited cuticle defects (in the anterior region).

      (Raymond et al., 2001)

      The HemJ4-48 mutant phenotype is partially rescued by expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4sim.PS; the longitudinal connectives appear further apart and the commissures appear separated. VUM neurons are often seen projecting normally at the midline.

      (Hummel et al., 2000)
      Xenogenetic Interactions
      Statement
      Reference

      Expression of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS further enhances the dendrite defects seen in class IV da neurons expressing Hsap\ATXN3tr.Q78.Scer\UAS.T:Ivir\HA1 under the control of Scer\GAL4ppk.PG.

      (Lee et al., 2011)

      Co-expression of Ggal\MLCKct.Scer\UAS with Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4ftz.ng results in a synergistic increase in the frequency of incorrect axon projections across the midline, compared with Rac1V12.Scer\UAS-overexpression alone.

      (Dorsten et al., 2007)

      Embryos co-expressing BacA\p35Scer\UAS.cHa and Rac1V12.Scer\UAS under the control of Scer\GAL4fkh.PH have abnormally shaped salivary glands that appear to consist of a disorganised cluster of cells, and a salivary gland lumen cannot be detected.

      (Pirraglia et al., 2006)

      The addition of Rac1V12.Scer\UAS to Ggal\MLCKct.Scer\UAS, Scer\GAL4ftz.ng embryos enhances the midline crossover phenotype seen in the pCC/MP2 pathway axons. 95% of embryos exhibit the phenotype. An average of 4.2 crossovers are seen per embryo.

      (Fritz and VanBerkum, 2002)
      Complementation and Rescue Data
      Comments
      Images (0)
      Mutant
      Wild-type
      Stocks (2)
      Notes on Origin
      Discoverer
      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )
      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)
      Reported As
      Symbol Synonym
      DRacV12
      (Medioni and Noselli, 2005)
      Drac1G12V
      (Paululat et al., 1999)
      Drac1V12
      (Takahashi et al., 1998)
      Rac1V12.Scer\UAS
      Rac1V12.UAS
      Rac1V12
      (Singh et al., 2016)
      Rac1V12
      (Kunda et al., 2003)
      RacV12
      (Ninov et al., 2007)
      Name Synonyms
      Secondary FlyBase IDs
      • FBal0038996
      References (102)