FlyBase Allele Report: Dmel\kn[col-1]

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\kn^col-1

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

FlyBase ID

FBal0097027

Feature type

allele

Associated gene

Dmel\kn

Associated Insertion(s)

Carried in Construct

Also Known As

col¹, kn^col1

Key Links

Allele class

loss of function allele

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

Nature of the Allele

Allele class

amorphic allele - genetic evidence

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

loss of function allele

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

Mutagen

ethyl methanesulfonate

(Crozatier et al., 1999)

Progenitor genotype

Cytology

Description

Nucleotide substitution: G to A. The mutation at amino acid position 228 eliminates a splice acceptor site, which should result in the non-removal of intron 6 and the production of a truncated protein.

(Crozatier et al., 1999)

Mutations Mapped to the Genome

Curation Data

Type

Location

Additional Notes

References

Variant Molecular Consequences

Associated Sequence Data

DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank

DNA sequence

Protein sequence

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Expression Data

Reporter Expression

Additional Information

Statement

Reference

Marker for

Reflects expression of

Reporter construct used in assay

Human Disease Associations

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease

Interaction

References

Comments on Models/Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Disease-implicated variant(s)

Phenotypic Data

Phenotypic Class

abnormal immune response, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2004)

abnormal neuroanatomy | late embryonic stage (with kn^col-3)

(Stratmann et al., 2019)

decreased cell number | embryonic stage

(Demilly et al., 2011)

increased occurrence of cell division | larval stage

(Mandal et al., 2007)

lethal (with Df(2R)BSC429)

(Chao et al., 2017)

lethal (with kn¹)

(Chao et al., 2017)

lethal (with kn^{MI15480-TG4.2})

(Chao et al., 2017)

lethal | recessive

(Chao et al., 2017, Crozatier et al., 1999, Vervoort et al., 1999)

visible, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

visible (with kn¹)

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

visible | somatic clone

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

Phenotype Manifest In

anterior crossvein

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

apterous-expressing neuron of the lateral cluster of the thorax | late embryonic stage (with kn^col-3)

(Stratmann et al., 2019)

cephalopharyngeal skeleton

(Crozatier et al., 1999)

embryonic/larval lymph gland

(Mandal et al., 2007)

embryonic head

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

first posterior wing cell

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

first posterior wing cell, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

first posterior wing cell (with kn¹)

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

larval EL neuron | embryonic stage

(Demilly et al., 2011)

larval somatic muscle cell

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

lateral process of cephalopharyngeal skeleton

(Crozatier et al., 1999)

muscle cell of A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 2 | ectopic

(Boukhatmi et al., 2012, Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 2 | ectopic (with kn^col85-GAL4)

(Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Boukhatmi et al., 2012, Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 3 (with kn^col85-GAL4)

(Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of A1-7 dorsal acute muscle 3 | ectopic

(Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of A1-7 dorsal oblique muscle 4

(Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of A1-7 lateral longitudinal muscle 1

(Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of abdominal 1 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of abdominal 2 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of abdominal 3 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of abdominal 4 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of abdominal 5 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of abdominal 6 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of abdominal 7 dorsal acute muscle 3

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of dorsal oblique muscle 5 | ectopic

(Enriquez et al., 2012)

muscle cell of mesothoracic dorsal acute muscle 4

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

muscle cell of metathoracic dorsal acute muscle 4

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

posterior crossvein

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

prohemocyte | larval stage

(Sinha et al., 2013)

second posterior wing cell, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

second posterior wing cell (with kn¹)

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

submarginal wing cell, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

third posterior wing cell, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

third posterior wing cell (with kn¹)

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

wing, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

wing | P-stage, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

wing | P-stage (with kn¹)

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

wing vein

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

wing vein L3

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

wing vein L3, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

wing vein L4

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

wing vein L4, with kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

wing vein L4 | somatic clone

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

Detailed Description

Statement

Reference

In kn^col-1/kn^col-3 embryos ap-expressing neurons fail to project their axons into the medial-most Fas2-immunopositive fascicle in the ventral nerve cord. Their commissural (but not lateral) projections are also impaired.

(Stratmann et al., 2019)

kn^col-1 kn^+m5 larvae show melanisation of crystal cells after heating at 65[o]C for 10 minutes, as occurs in wild-type larvae.

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

kn^col-1 mutant larvae have no prohemocytes.

(Sinha et al., 2013)

Homozygous embryos show a transformation of muscle DA3 to DA2 morphology.

(Boukhatmi et al., 2012)

All dorso-lateral muscles are either missing or mis-specified in kn^col-1 embryos, while the more dorsal or more ventral muscles are not affected. The most frequently observed defects are DA3>DA2, LL1>DA3 and DO4>DO5 transformations, which indicate changes in progenitor identity. Many myofibres are mis-orientated.

40% of segments in kn^col85-GAL4/kn^col-1 embryos show a complete DA3>DA2 morphological transformation. In most other segments, the DA3>DA2 muscle maintains thin projections toward the wild type DA3 attachment site, suggesting an incomplete transformation.

(Enriquez et al., 2012)

kn^col-1 mutant embryos have a significant reduction in the number of even-skipped (eve)-expressing neurons in the EL cluster by stage 15, but no difference in the number of other eve-expressing neurons (aCC, RP2, pCC and U/CQ), compared to wild-type controls.

(Demilly et al., 2011)

The number of SE2 neurons is normal in kn^col-1/kn^col-3 mutant animals.

(Losada-Pérez et al., 2010)

BrdU incorporation in the lymph gland is increased relative to wild-type in mutant third instar larvae and the incorporation becomes distributed throughout the lymph gland. Differentiated cells are found throughout the lymph gland lobe, in contrast to wild type, where they are restricted to the peripheral cortical zone.

(Mandal et al., 2007)

In kn^col-1 homozygotes and kn^col-1/Df(2R)AN293 mutant animals rescued to adult viability by kn^+m5 do have plasmatocytes and crystal cells as normal, however when exposed to wasp parasitization a complete lack of lamellocytes is seen (in contrast to the increased numbers seen in wild-type).

(Crozatier et al., 2004)

Wings veins L3 and L4 are closer to each other in kn^col-1/kn¹ animals than in wild type and are apposed proximally. The L3-L4 intervein is 66+/-6% smaller than wild type, whereas the anterior margin to L2 and L2-L3 interveins are normal in size. The L4-L5 and L5 to posterior margin interveins are smaller than wild type. The wave of mitosis that normally takes place in each intervein primordium between 15 and 21 hours after puparium formation is specifically absent from the central region of kn^col-1/kn¹ wings. kn^col-1 homozygotes (rescued to adult viability by kn^+m5) lack the L3-L4 intervein in the wing. A central larger L3-type vein is present in these flies and only a small, proximal region of wing vein L4 forms. There is a 20% overall reduction in wing size compared to wild type. The L2-L3 intervein is 12+/-5% larger than in wild type. The L4-L5 and L5 to posterior margin interveins are smaller than wild type. The wave of mitosis that normally takes place in each intervein primordium between 15 and 21 hours after puparium formation is specifically absent from the central region of the wings of kn^col-1 animals rescued with kn^+m5. Loss of wing vein L4 is seen in wings containing homozygous kn^col-1 clones that encompass most, if not all, dorsal and ventral cells in the L3-L4 region. Wing vein L4 does form when homozygous dorsal and ventral cells span 3-4 rows of cells along the anterior posterior boundary.

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

Muscle DA3^A/DA4^T is missing or (in a few cases) reduced to a thinned muscle. This phenotype is highly penetrant and specific.

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

Lethality occurs during the late embryonic to first larval instar stage. Homozygous and hemizygous embryos have head defects; the ventral arms are missing and the lateralgraten are reduced. The T-ribs in the floor of the pharynx, and the antennal, maxillary or hypopharyngeal sensory organs are present and a normal pattern of internal sensory structures is seen. The embryos that hatch do not grow and tend to crawl out of the medium, suggesting that they are unable to feed.

(Crozatier et al., 1999)

Homozygotes and hemizygotes die as embryos or larvae. In a kn¹/kn^col-1 transheterozygote, the proximal regions of wing veins L3 and L4 are apposed, and the anterior crossvein is missing. When kn^+m5 is used to partially rescue the homozygous kn^col-1 phenotype, a wing vein phenotype remains. The L3-L4 intervein or anterior crossvein is completely absent, the overall size of the wing and the number of innervated bristles at the anterior margin are unchanged. Wing veins L3 and L4 are apposed and abnormally large, each vein maintaining its identity. The number, ratio and position along the A-P axis of socketed and unsocketed bristles is normal.

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

External Data

Linkouts

Interactions

Show genetic interaction network for Enhancers & Suppressors

Phenotypic Class

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

kn¹/kn^col-1 has visible phenotype, enhanceable by hh^ts2

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

kn^col-1 is a suppressor of visible phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, hh^UAS.cCa

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Phenotype Manifest In

Enhanced by

Statement

Reference

kn¹/kn^col-1 has wing vein phenotype, enhanceable by hh^ts2

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

kn¹/kn^col-1 has wing vein L3 phenotype, enhanceable by hh^ts2

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

kn¹/kn^col-1 has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by hh^ts2

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

kn^col-1 has wing vein L3 phenotype, enhanceable by fu[+]/fu¹

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

kn^col-1 has wing vein L4 phenotype, enhanceable by fu[+]/fu¹

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Suppressed by

Statement

Reference

kn^col-1 has prohemocyte | larval stage phenotype, suppressible by Scer\GAL4^e33C/asrij^UAS.cKa

(Sinha et al., 2013)

NOT suppressed by

Statement

Reference

kn^+m5, kn^col-1 has wing vein L4 phenotype, non-suppressible by vn^UAS.cSa/Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

Enhancer of

Statement

Reference

kn[+]/kn^col-1 is an enhancer of wing vein L3 phenotype of fu¹

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

kn[+]/kn^col-1 is an enhancer of wing vein L4 phenotype of fu¹

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Suppressor of

Statement

Reference

kn^col-1 is a suppressor of wing vein L3 phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, hh^UAS.cCa

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

kn^col-1 is a suppressor of submarginal wing cell phenotype of Scer\GAL4^en-e16E, hh^UAS.cCa

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Additional Comments

Genetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Overexpression of asrij^Scer\UAS.cKa in kn^col-1 larval lymph glands under the control of Scer\GAL4^e33C can suppress the prohemocyte-phenotype.

(Sinha et al., 2013)

tup^ex4 kn^col-1 double mutant embryos show a cumulative phenotype with respect to the somatic muscle, showing dorsal muscle defects and a lack of DA3 muscle.

(Boukhatmi et al., 2012)

Expression of vn^Scer\UAS.cSa under the control of Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1 does not rescue wing vein L4 formation in kn^col-1 animals rescued with kn^+m5, while the larger L3-type vein seen in these animals is widened.

(Crozatier et al., 2002)

Crossing kn^col-1 with hh^Scer\UAS.cCa, driven by Scer\GAL4^en-e16E suppresses the wing vein phenotype caused by ectopic expression of hh^Scer\UAS.cCa. kn^col-1 restores the presence of an almost wild type position of wing vein L3 and its associated sensillae. An ectopic crossvein can be seen in the L2-L3 intervein. In fu¹ and kn^col-1 double heterozygotes, wing veins L3 and L4 are fused for most of their lengths. This is an enhancement of the phenotype of either mutation alone. At 25^oC hh^ts2 enhances the wing vein phenotype seen in kn^col-1/kn¹.

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Xenogenetic Interactions

Statement

Reference

Complementation and Rescue Data

Fails to complement

kn^unspecified

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

kn¹

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Rescued by

kn^col-1 is rescued by kn^+m5

(Crozatier and Vincent, 1999)

kn^col-1 is rescued by kn^+m5

(Crozatier et al., 1999)

kn¹/kn^col-1 is rescued by kn^UAS.cVa/Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Partially rescued by

kn^col-1 is partially rescued by kn^+m5

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Comments

The combination of kn^col-1 and kn lethal mutations results in embryonic lethality.

(Vervoort et al., 1999)

Images (0)

Mutant

Wild-type

Stocks (2)

Kyoto

109022

w^*; kn^col-1/CyO

109023

w^*; kn^col-1 / CyO; P{col5-cDNA.C} / TM6B

Notes on Origin

Discoverer

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 0 )

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (5)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

Col¹

(Carayon et al., 2020)

kn^Col-1

(Dudzic et al., 2015)

kn^col-1

(Chao et al., 2017, Dudzic et al., 2015)

kn^col1

(Boulet et al., 2021, Yoong et al., 2020, Benmimoun et al., 2015)

Name Synonyms

Secondary FlyBase IDs

References (30)

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