Actins are highly conserved proteins that are involved in various types of cell motility and are ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Multiple isoforms are involved in various cellular functions such as cytoskeleton structure, cell mobility, chromosome movement and muscle contraction.

(UniProt, P10987)

Codes for cytoplasmic actin; transcribed throughout development; one of two actin genes transcribed in Kc cells and several other cell lines (Fyrberg, Mahaffy, Bond, and Davidson, 1983, Cell 33: 115-23). One of three actin genes expressed in the wing disc during wing development, each with its characteristic profile. Peak expression at 44h of pupal age, little or no expression at 60h rising again at 80h. 44h peak corresponds to time of maximum change in cell shape (Peterson, Bond, Mitchell, and Davidson, 1985, Dev. Genet. 5: 219-25). Transcripts present in the preblastoderm embryo suggesting maternal transcription; during blastoderm formation, Act5C transcripts accumulate at the periphery of the embryo; local concentrations of transcript observed in anterior and posterior midgut rudiments in stage 13 embryos; hybridization also observed in the developing ventral nervous system. Later in embryogenesis, transcript found in all tissues but with dramatic concentrations of transcripts in the anterior and posterior midgut and the proventriculus. Exon specific probes demonstrate that transcripts containing exon 1 tend to be concentrated in anterior portions of early embryos, including the anterior midgut primordium and the proventriculus, as well as in the posterior midgut primordium; during germ-band extension, small local concentrations of exon 2 transcripts are seen in posterior and ventral regions of the embryo (Burn, Vigoreaux, and Tobin, 1989, Dev. Biol. 131: 345-55).