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FB2026_02
,
released June 18, 2026
βFTZ-F1, ftzf1, ftz-f1α, β FTZ-F1, l(3)03649
transcription factor - nuclear receptor - zinc finger - bridges early and late gene expression during the process of metamorphosis - acetylations of Ftz-F1 and histone H4K5 are required for the fine-tuning of ecdysone biosynthesis during metamorphosis
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\ftz-f1 for information on other features
To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form
AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.
Gene model reviewed during 5.55
Gene model reviewed during 5.45
Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.
Transposon inserted in intron
Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated
Gene model reviewed during 6.02
7.1, 6.5, 5.4 (northern blot); 5.9 (unknown)
5.6, 4.8 (unknown)
5.6, 5.2, 4.8 (northern blot)
816 (aa); 95 (kD observed); 88 (kD predicted)
1043 (aa); 110 (kD predicted)
95 (kD observed)
Evidence is presented that ftz-f1 protein represses its own transcription.
The 816aa (β) form of ftz-f1 protein is identical to the 1043aa (α) ftz-f1 isoform in the carboxy terminal 2/3 of the protein. The unique N-terminal region of the β ftz-f1 isoform is acidic and is likely to function as a transactivation domain. Polyclonal antibodies were prepared against bacterially expressed ftz-f1 protein and used to analyze the distribution of β ftz-f1 protein on polytene chromosomes. Staining that was reproducible in location and intensity was seen at 166 sites along the euchromatic genome in late prepupal stages, 55 of these represent ecdysone-regulated puffs.
One of a couple of protein products.
The "early" and "late" DNA-binding activity was subsequently shown to be encoded by two different isoforms of the ftz-f1 protein.
Monomer; forms a complex with ftz.
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\ftz-f1 using the Feature Mapper tool.
The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).
Comment: reference states 6-8 hr APF
Comment: maternally deposited
Comment: reference states 14-22 hr AEL
Expression increases as the gut clears before pupation.
ftz-f1 transcript expression is upregulated in the ring gland very late in larval development; expression levels are higher at "cleared gut" stage than at the earlier "blue gut" stage.
ftz-f1 expression is enriched in centripetal cells relative to other cells in the egg chamber.
Comment: reference states 16-19 hr AEL
ftz-f1 protein is detected in late embryos and in prepupal stages.
ftz-f1 DNA-binding activity is first observed in 1.5-4hr embryos and then diminishes.
"Late" ftz-f1 DNA-binding activity first appears in 13-16hr embryos and peaks in 16-22hr embryos. Activity is also detected in larval and adult extracts.
JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\ftz-f1 in JBrowse
3-45
3-41.9
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
polyclonal
There is a cell-autonomous requirement for βftz-f1 activity during metamorphosis for the majority of γ neurons to be appropriately pruned.
DNA-protein interactions: genome-wide binding profile assayed for ftz-f1 protein in 0-12 hr embryos; see mE1_TFBS_ftz-f1 collection report.
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) down-regulates a distinct splice isoform(s) of this gene.
Expression is enriched in embryonic gonads.
ftz-f1 is required for muscle driven morphogenetic events at the prepupal-pupal transition.
ftz-f1 appears to regulate the timing of hormone-induced cell responses.
Temporally restricted expression of ftz-f1 is important for late embryogenesis, the normal moulting process and early metamorphosis.
Mutants show defects in the hallmarks of the prepupal-pupal transition i.e. head eversion, leg elongation and salivary gland cell death.
The ftz-f1 gene product provides competence for stage-specific responses to ecdysone.
The autosomal "FLP-DFS" technique (using the P{ovoD1-18} P{FRT(whs)} P{hsFLP} chromosomes) has been used to identify the specific maternal effect phenotype for the zygotic lethal mutation.
Temporal profile of gene expression is not altered in Eip74EF mutant background.
Ectopic expression of ftz-f1 at first instar, late second instar or early prepupal periods causes developmental defects. The sensitive stages slightly precede the endogenous ftz-f1 expression times. Premature expression at late second instar causes a failure in the second ecdysis, though third instar mouthooks and anterior spiracles form. Premature expression of ftz-f1 induces the Edg78E and Edg84A genes which have strong ftz-f1 binding sites upstream of their transcription start sites.
ftz-f1 and Hr39 bind as monomers to oligonucleotides corresponding to the ftz-f1 recognition element (F1RE) located within the zebra element of ftz promoter. Antagonism between the two receptors contributes to the net F1RE-dependent transcription of a reporter gene in cotransfection assays. Results suggest common target genes may be coregulated at the transcriptional level by a mechanism of competition between ftz-f1 and Hr39 monomers for binding to a common element.
ftz-f1 plays a central role in the prepupal genetic response to ecdysone.
Ecdysteroid-regulated gene.
A developmental isoform of ftz-f1, βftz-f1, is distinct from the embryonic αftz-f1 form: it is expressed as a product of the previously identified midprepupal chromosome puff at 75CD. Indirect immunofluorescent staining for ftz-f1 on the polytene chromosomes reveals binding to over 150 chromosomal targets, including 75CD itself and prominant late prepupal puffs predicted to be regulated by midprepupal puff proteins.
Evolutionary history for nuclear receptor genes, in which gene duplication events and swapping between domains of different origins took place, is studied.
Mutant peptides in the DNA-binding domain demonstrate that in addition to the zinc finger motif, the basic region abutting the C-terminal end of the zinc finger motif is involved in sequence specific DNA binding.
ftz-f1 has been cloned and sequenced.
Source for merge of: ftz-f1 CG13378
Source for merge of ftz-f1 CG13378 was sequence comparison ( date:001216 ).
