FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\Ca-α1D

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\Ca-α1D

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

Ca²⁺-channel protein α₁ subunit D

Annotation Symbol

CG4894

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0001991

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

21 publicly available

Gene Summary

Ca[2+]-channel protein α[[1]] subunit D (Ca-α1D) encodes the pore-forming α subunit of an L-type voltage-gated Ca[2+] channel expressed in neurons. It mediates Ca[2+] influx, affecting action potential generation and muscle contraction. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-26] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Dmca1D, l(2)35Fa, Caα1D, Ca-a1D, BG:DS02795.1

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

35E5-35E6

Sequence location

2L:16,165,831..16,190,540 [+]

Recombination map

2-51

RefSeq locus

NT_033779 REGION:16165831..16190540

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (18 terms)

Molecular Function (3 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables voltage-gated calcium channel activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables high voltage-gated calcium channel activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001295293

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

enables monoatomic ion channel activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005821

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

enables voltage-gated calcium channel activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002077, InterPro:IPR005446

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

non-traceable author statement

(Littleton and Ganetzky, 2000)

Biological Process (11 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in calcium ion transmembrane transport

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hsu et al., 2020, Kanamori et al., 2013)

involved_in calcium-mediated signaling

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

involved_in detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Liu et al., 2022)

involved_in epithelial fluid transport

inferred from expression pattern

(MacPherson et al., 2001)

inferred from direct assay

(MacPherson et al., 2001)

involved_in locomotion

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hsu et al., 2020)

involved_in neuron remodeling

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (6 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in calcium ion import across plasma membrane

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001295293

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

involved_in calcium ion transmembrane transport

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002077, InterPro:IPR005446

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

involved_in calcium ion transport

non-traceable author statement

(Littleton and Ganetzky, 2000)

involved_in monoatomic ion transport

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005821

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

involved_in muscle contraction

traceable author statement

(Littleton and Ganetzky, 2000)

involved_in transmembrane transport

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005821

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(MacPherson et al., 2001)

located_in basolateral plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(MacPherson et al., 2001)

part_of voltage-gated calcium channel complex

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:cac; FB:FBgn0263111

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in membrane

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR005821

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

part_of voltage-gated calcium channel complex

non-traceable author statement

(MacPherson et al., 2001, Littleton and Ganetzky, 2000)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001295293

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR002077, InterPro:IPR005446

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

VOLTAGE-GATED CALCIUM CHANNEL PORE SUBUNITS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. (Q24270)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

VOLTAGE-GATED CALCIUM CHANNEL PORE SUBUNITS -: Voltage-gated Ca[2+] channels (CACN) allow the influx of extracellular Ca[2+] in response to plasma membrane depolarization. The α1 subunits are pore-forming proteins that encompass the voltage sensor and gating mechanism. (Adapted from FBrf0218524 and PMID:21746798).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. Encodes a dihydropyridine- and diltiazem-sensitive current in larval body wall muscle. Vital for embryonic development.

(UniProt, Q24270)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

α subunit of an L-type voltage-gated Ca[2+] channel - there is a strict functional separation of AP-triggered neurotransmitter release by Cav2 (Cacophony) and activity-dependent modulation of SV recycling and short-term plasticity by Cav1 - Cav1 channels within the periphery of AZs are a distinct entry route for Ca2+-dependent augmentation of SV endocytosis - Ca-α1D is a downstream target of a tyramine (honoka) receptor activation - Ca-alpha1D is the primary functioning Ca(2+) channel in Drosophila hearts - synaptic Dmca1D channels increase burst duration and maximum intraburst firing frequencies during crawling-like motor patterns - stac and Dmca1D are required for excitation-contraction coupling - Dstac appears to be required for normal expression levels of Dmca1D in body-wall muscles

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Ca-α1D for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q24270)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Multiphase exon postulated: exon reading frame differs in alternative transcripts.

Variable use of small exon; supported combination results in frameshift and premature stop in downstream exon.

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.45

Gene model reviewed during 6.32

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

Ca-α1D-RF

FBtr0332021

NM_001273552

7881

2023

Ca-α1D-RG

FBtr0332022

NM_001273553

8226

1799

Ca-α1D-RH

FBtr0332023

NM_001273554

7881

2023

Ca-α1D-RI

FBtr0332024

NM_001273555

7890

2026

Ca-α1D-RJ

FBtr0332025

NM_001273556

8450

2059

Ca-α1D-RK

FBtr0479784

NM_134429

9425

2669

Ca-α1D-RL

FBtr0479785

NM_080365

8973

2672

Ca-α1D-RM

FBtr0479786

NM_165146

8986

2705

Ca-α1D-RN

FBtr0479787

NM_165147

9298

2453

Ca-α1D-RO

FBtr0479788

NM_001273551

8968

2699

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

12.5, 9.5 (northern blot)

(Zheng et al., 1995)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

Ca-α1D-PF

FBpp0304337

224.5

2023

6.64

FBpp0304338

201.3

1799

6.40

FBpp0304339

224.6

2023

6.67

FBpp0304340

224.9

2026

6.96

FBpp0304341

228.5

2059

6.79

FBpp0428117

293.7

2669

5.12

AAF53504

Ca-α1D-PL

FBpp0428118

294.2

2672

5.24

AAN10929

Ca-α1D-PM

FBpp0428119

297.8

2705

5.18

AAN10930

Ca-α1D-PN

FBpp0428120

271.7

2453

5.01

AAN10931

Ca-α1D-PO

FBpp0428121

297.8

2699

5.32

AGB93015

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

Comments

External Data

Domain

Each of the four internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments probably represent the voltage-sensor and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.

(UniProt, Q24270)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Ca-α1D using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.73

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

presumptive embryonic/larval nervous system

(Zheng et al., 1995)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 12 -- 15

Comment: 9-12 hr AEL

(Zheng et al., 1995)

adult stage

adult head

(Zheng et al., 1995)

organism

(Zheng et al., 1995)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

spermatozoon

(Wasbrough et al., 2010)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(MacPherson et al., 2001)

located_in basolateral plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(MacPherson et al., 2001)

part_of voltage-gated calcium channel complex

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:cac; FB:FBgn0263111

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Ca-α1D in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\Ca-α1D

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\Ca-α1D

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34950/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0001991

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0001991

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0001991

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG4894

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0001991

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 12 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 10 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Ca-α1D

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Ca-α1D

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 94 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 94 )

Gene not disrupted in

Df(2L)64j

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)A47

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A48

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A63

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A72

(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)A178

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A215

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A217

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A220

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A245

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A246

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A264

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A266

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A267

(Fossett et al., 1994, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)A337

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A376

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A379

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A400

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)A445

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR100

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR101

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR102

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR103

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR105

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR117

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR118

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR119

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR120

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR121

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR122

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR125

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR126

(Roote, 1996.1.11, Roote, 1996.8, Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR127

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR128

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR129

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR130

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)Adh-nBR131

(Fossett et al., 1994)

Df(2L)ARR1

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)b80e4

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)b88b15

(Roote, 1996.8)

Df(2L)el20

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)el28

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)fn12

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)fn26

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)fn27

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)H20

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)k09834^rv1

(Roote, 2000.6.13)

Df(2L)k09834^rv2

(Roote, 2000.6.13)

Df(2L)n78l3

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)noc11

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)osp29

(Eberl et al., 1998, Roote, 1996.8)

Df(2L)osp38

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)rd9

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)RN2

(Eberl et al., 1998, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco7

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco^rv18

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco^rv19

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco^rv25

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)SS1

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35BC-3

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35BC-4

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35BC-34

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-1

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-2

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-3

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-4

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-6

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-14

(Eberl et al., 1998, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-15

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-19

(Roote, 1996.8, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-20

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-22

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2L)dpp^s22Ldpp^d36R

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2LR)Sco^rv1-DV7

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

T(2;3)Sco^rv7

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Gene duplicated in

Dp(2;3)osp³

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Ts(2Lt;4Lt)DTD22+Ts(2Rt;4Rt)TE35B-50

(Roote et al., 1996)

Gene not duplicated in

Dp(2;1)Sco^rv23

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Dp(2;2)GYL

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Dp(2;2)TE35B-54^L

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Dp(2;Y)b88b15

(Roote, 1996.8)

In(2L)C163.41^LC158^R

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2L)Sco^rv17LC158^R

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Inferred from location ( 4 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^{shakB.lethal.4.1}

Ca-α1D^GD1737

lethal, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^e22c, Scer\GAL4^sqh.PW

Ca-α1D^GD1737

lethal | recessive

lethal - all die before end of P-stage | recessive

Ca-α1D^AR66

lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

Ca-α1D^GD1737

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

Ca-α1D^GD1737

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | male limited | progressive

Ca-α1D^X7

abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage

Ca-α1D^AR66

abnormal locomotor behavior | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^Proc

Ca-α1D^HMS00294

abnormal neuroanatomy

Ca-α1D^AR66

abnormal neurophysiology | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

Ca-α1D^GD1737

abnormal neurophysiology | P-stage | somatic clone

Ca-α1D^X10

long lived | male limited

Ca-α1D^X7

some die during embryonic stage | recessive

some die during pharate adult stage | recessive

Ca-α1D^AR66

wild-type

Ca-α1D^+tCa01

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult heart

Ca-α1D^X7

cephalopharyngeal skeleton

embryonic/larval dorsal vessel | embryonic stage

embryonic/larval midgut | embryonic stage

larval abdominal segmental nerve

Ca-α1D^AR66

larval longitudinal connective

Ca-α1D^AR66

larval multidendritic class IV neuron | P-stage, with Scer\GAL4^ppk.PU

Ca-α1D^GD1737

larval multidendritic class IV neuron | P-stage | somatic clone

Ca-α1D^X10

larval RP2 motor neuron | larval stage

Ca-α1D^AR66

larval RP2 motor neuron | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^Proc

Ca-α1D^HMS00294

larval tracheal system

muscle cell of A1-7 lateral longitudinal muscle 1 | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^Proc

Ca-α1D^HMS00294

neuromuscular junction

Ca-α1D^AR66

NMJ bouton

Ca-α1D^AR66

type Is terminal bouton | larval stage

Ca-α1D^AR66

type Is terminal bouton | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^Proc

Ca-α1D^HMS00294

wing

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (42)

Hsap\CACNA1D

12 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CACNA1F

11 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CACNA1S

11 of 14

Yes

Hsap\CACNA1C

10 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

Hsap\CACNA1C-IT2

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Hsap\TPCN1

1 of 14

Hsap\TPCN2

1 of 14

Hsap\TPTE

1 of 14

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (31)

Rnor\Cacna1c

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Cacna1d

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Cacna1f

11 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Cacna1s

11 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Tpcn1

1 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Tpcn2

1 of 14

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (31)

Mmus\Cacna1d

12 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Cacna1c

11 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Cacna1f

11 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Cacna1s

11 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

4 of 14

3 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Tpcn1

1 of 14

Mmus\Tpcn2

1 of 14

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (21)

Xtro\cacna1c

10 of 13

Yes

Xtro\cacna1f

6 of 13

Yes

Xtro\cacna1s

6 of 13

Yes

Xtro\cacna1d

5 of 13

Yes

4 of 13

3 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\kcnq1

1 of 13

Xtro\LOC100495031

1 of 13

Yes

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Yes

Xtro\tpcn1

1 of 13

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (41)

Drer\cacna1da

12 of 14

Yes

Drer\cacna1c

11 of 14

Yes

Drer\cacna1sa

11 of 14

Yes

Drer\cacna1fb

10 of 14

Yes

Drer\cacna1sb

10 of 14

Yes

Drer\cacna1fa

6 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

4 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\hvcn1

1 of 14

Yes

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\tpcn1

1 of 14

Drer\tpcn2

1 of 14

Yes

Drer\tpcn3

1 of 14

Drer\tpte

1 of 14

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (11)

Cele\egl-19

12 of 14

Yes

4 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

2 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

1 of 14

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (12)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP010295

6 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP012434

5 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP012433

4 of 12

Yes

3 of 12

3 of 12

2 of 12

2 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

1 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)

Atha\TPC1

3 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)

Scer\CCH1

5 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\cch1

4 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Ca-α1D. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (11)

cac

8 of 13

5 of 13

4 of 13

4 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

1 of 13

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 10 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

CACNA1S; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S

model of hypokalemic periodic paralysis

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of congenital myopathy 18

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

CACNA1F; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 F

model of Aland Island eye disease

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of congenital stationary night blindness 2A

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of X-linked cone-rod dystrophy 3

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

CACNA1C; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C

model of Brugada syndrome 3

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of Timothy syndrome

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of long QT syndrome 8

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, language delay, and skeletal defects with or without seizures

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

SCN4A; sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4

model of hypokalemic periodic paralysis

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 4 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Ca-α1D^HMS00294

ameliorates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{695.UAS.Tag:MYC}

(Shao et al., 2022)

Ca-α1D^X10

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^128Q.FL.UAS

(Romero et al., 2008)

Ca-α1D^GD1737

ameliorates tauopathy

modeled by Hsap\MAPT^UAS.cWa

(Higham et al., 2019)

Ca-α1D^MI08906

ameliorates Parkinson's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\SNCA^UAS.cJa

(Rousseaux et al., 2018)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

CACNA1D; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D

12 of 14

114206

CACNA1F; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 F

11 of 14

300110

CACNA1S; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S

11 of 14

114208

CACNA1C; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C

10 of 14

114205

CACNA1A; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A

4 of 14

CALCIUM CHANNEL, VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT, P/Q TYPE, ALPHA-1A SUBUNIT; CACNA1A

CACNA1B; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 B

4 of 14

601012

NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER WITH SEIZURES AND NONEPILEPTIC HYPERKINETIC MOVEMENTS; NEDNEH

CACNA1E; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 E

4 of 14

601013

DEVELOPMENTAL AND EPILEPTIC ENCEPHALOPATHY 69; DEE69

developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 69

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Ca-α1D

enhanceable

cac

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

cac

enhanceable

Ca-α1D

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

Cam

suppressible

Ca-α1D

(Wang et al., 2003)

suppressible

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

suppressible

(Lee and Wu, 2010)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

60962

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0001991

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34950

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

External Links

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

Regulation of insulin secretion

External Data

Linkouts

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

gene_with_edited_transcript

(Rodriguez et al., 2012, Graveley et al., 2011)

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

2-51

Cytogenetic map

35E5-35E6

Sequence location

2L:16,165,831..16,190,540 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

35E5-35E6

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}CycE^k05007&P{lacW}CycE^k02602 and P{EP}crp^EP721&P{lacW}crp^k07829

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

35E3-35F3

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Eberl et al., 1998)

35E-35E

(Gellon et al., 1997)

35E-35F

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Zheng et al., 1995)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

2-51

(FlyBase, 2016)

2-49.2

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (21)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

74035

w¹¹¹⁸; P{VT008267-p65.AD}attP40

74001

w¹¹¹⁸; P{VT008267-GAL4.DBD}attP2

25830

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01848}attP2

25527

w¹¹¹⁸; Mi{ET1}Ca-α1D^MB06807/SM6a

55581

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}Ca-α1D^MI11167

44838

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}Ca-α1D^MI08906/SM6a

13282

y¹; P{SUPor-P}Ca-α1D^KG04231/CyO; ry⁵⁰⁶

Korea

12060

P{VT008267-GAL4}attP2

VDRC

v51491

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1737}v51491

v51490

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1737}v51490/CyO

v52644

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1737}v52644/TM3

v342774

P{hsFLP}1, y1 w1118; P{HD_CFD01790}attP40/CyO-GFP

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (24)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (22)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

GH02029

Other clones

MIP09644

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0001991

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0001991

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Trombley et al., 2023, Hsu et al., 2020)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

The Ca-α1D gene product, an α₁-subunit of the L-type calcium channel, plays a role in epithelial fluid transport, in a distinct calcium entry mechanism mediated by CAP_2b, cGMP and thapsigargin.

(MacPherson et al., 2001)

Ca-α1D plays a nonredundant, vital role in larvae and adults.

(Eberl et al., 1998)

Ca-α1D is responsible for the dihyropyridine-sensitive channel in larval muscle but plays no role in the amiloride-sensitive current.

(Ren et al., 1998)

Identified in a screen for modifiers of the Dfd¹³/Dfd³ mutant phenotype. Shows no interaction with the Pc mutant phenotype.

(Gellon et al., 1997)

Identification: Isolated from a Drosophila adult head cDNA library.

(Zheng et al., 1995)

14 alleles are discussed but are not named.

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Ca-α1 l(2)35Fa

(Eberl et al., 1998)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: Ca-α1D CG4894

(Kodira, 1999.11)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (38)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

A1D

(Blice-Baum et al., 2019)

BG:DS02795.1

(Ashburner et al., 1999, Ashburner et al., 1999.10.12)

CAD

(Ocorr et al., 2017)

CG4894

(National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Metwally et al., 2019, Rieder et al., 2015, Garcia et al., 2013, Kanamori et al., 2013, Praveen et al., 2012, Tsubouchi et al., 2012, Lin et al., 2010, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Pessa et al., 2010, Perkins et al., 2009.1.15, Schneider et al., 2004)

Ca-Alpha1D

(Hall et al., 2018, Qu et al., 2017)

Ca-_1D

(Ashburner et al., 1999)

Ca-a1D

(Hertzler et al., 2024, Viswanathan et al., 2020, Ashburner et al., 1999)

Ca-alpha1

(Gellon et al., 1997)

Ca-α1

(Ashraf et al., 1999)

Ca-α₁D

(Pervouchine, 2014)

Ca-αID

(Metwally et al., 2019)

Ca1D

(Gosselin-Badaroudine et al., 2016)

Ca_alpha1D

(Li et al., 2014)

Caα1D

(Bhogal et al., 2011, Jepson et al., 2011, Keegan et al., 2011, Jepson and Reenan, 2009)

D-type Ca²⁺

(Lam et al., 2018)

DmCa1D

(Kadas et al., 2019, Stocker et al., 2013, Hoopengardner et al., 2003)

DmCa1α1

(Hall et al., 1996)

DroCa1

(Eberl et al., 1993)

alpha1D

(Sénatore et al., 2010)

ca-alpha1d

(Westholm et al., 2014)

ca-α1D

(Kanamori et al., 2013)

caID

(Rieder et al., 2015)

cad

(Savva et al., 2012)

dmca1D

(Krick et al., 2021)

l(2)35Fa

(Ashburner et al., 1999, Roote, 1996.1.11, Mahone et al., 1995, Spradling et al., 1995, Eberl et al., 1993, Ashburner et al., 1990)

l35Fa

(Fossett et al., 1994)

α1

(Hall et al., 1993)

α1D

(Liang et al., 2022, Jeziorski et al., 2000)

Name Synonyms

Ca2+-channel protein alpha1 subunit D

(Dimitri et al., 2003)

Ca2+-channel protein α1 subunit D

(Tsubouchi et al., 2012)

Ca2+-channel protein α1 subunit D

Ca2+-channel α1 subunit

(Gellon et al., 1997)

Drosophila melanogaster calcium channel α1 subunit DHP-sensitive

(Eberl et al., 1998)

alpha-1 subunit Ca2+ channel type D

(Frolov and Singh, 2015)

calcium channel alpha-1 subunit

(Hall, 1993.5.25)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0004881

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 78 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

34950

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q24270

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q24270

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q24270

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

34950/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0001991

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0001991

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0001991

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG4894

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

34950

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

60962

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0001991

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0001991

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0001991

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0001991

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0001991

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG4894

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0001991

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0001991

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC004715

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

34950

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

Regulation of insulin secretion

References (188)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.73

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