FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\lz

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\lz

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

lozenge

Annotation Symbol

CG1689

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0002576

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

63 publicly available

Gene Summary

lozenge (lz) encodes an alpha-subunit of the transcription factor complex core binding factor, which is involved in transcription regulation. It plays an important role during eye development contributing to programmed cell death, eye morphogenesis, eye cone cell differentiation and R7 cell development. It contributes to hemopoiesis and wound healing. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-14] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

fs(1)M69

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

8D5-8D6

Sequence location

X:9,284,649..9,303,636 [+]

Recombination map

1-27

RefSeq locus

NC_004354 REGION:9284649..9303636

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

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Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (27 terms)

Molecular Function (7 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables DNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Wildonger et al., 2005)

enables sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from direct assay

(Muratoglu et al., 2006)

enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding

inferred from direct assay

(Ferjoux et al., 2007)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables ATP binding

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000040

(assigned by InterPro )

(FlyBase Curators et al., 2004-)

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000237029

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:run; FB:FBgn0003300

(Daga et al., 1996)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:10471

(Daga et al., 1996)

enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000237029

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Biological Process (19 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (15 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in compound eye cone cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Wildonger and Mann, 2005)

involved_in compound eye development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Jang et al., 2017, Siddall et al., 2009)

involved_in crystal cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lebestky et al., 2000)

involved_in embryonic crystal cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bataille et al., 2005)

inferred from expression pattern

(Lebestky et al., 2000)

involved_in embryonic hemocyte differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Bataille et al., 2005)

involved_in embryonic hemopoiesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Lebestky et al., 2000)

involved_in eye morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Wildonger and Mann, 2005)

involved_in imaginal disc-derived female genitalia development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Chatterjee et al., 2011)

involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:svp; FB:FBgn0003651

(Daga et al., 1996)

involved_in positive regulation of compound eye retinal cell programmed cell death

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Wildonger et al., 2005)

involved_in positive regulation of crystal cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Miller et al., 2017)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Su(H); FB:FBgn0004837

(Miller et al., 2017)

involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:B; FB:FBgn0000154

(Daga et al., 1996)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Wildonger et al., 2005)

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Miller et al., 2017)

involved_in R7 cell development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Siddall et al., 2009)

involved_in scab formation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Galko and Krasnow, 2004)

involved_in wound healing

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Galko and Krasnow, 2004)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in antennal development

traceable author statement

(Canon and Banerjee, 2000)

involved_in larval lymph gland hemocyte differentiation

traceable author statement

(Evans et al., 2003)

involved_in sensory organ precursor cell fate determination

traceable author statement

(Hallem and Carlson, 2004)

involved_in spermathecum morphogenesis

traceable author statement

(Qazi et al., 2003)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Miller et al., 2017, Chatterjee et al., 2011)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred by curator from GO:0003677

(assigned by UniProt )

(Wildonger et al., 2005)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with FLYBASE:run; FB:FBgn0003300

(Daga et al., 1996)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with HGNC:10471

(Daga et al., 1996)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with MGI:MGI:99829

(Daga et al., 1996)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RUNT DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS

Protein Family (UniProt)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

RUNT DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -: Runt-domain (RD) transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. These proteins are characterized by a Runt domain of 128 amino acids that mediates DNA binding and heterodimerization with a non-DNA binding β-subunit to form the Core Binding Factor transcription factor complex. (Adapted from FBrf0206845 and FBrf0138356).

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Involved in prepatterning photoreceptor precursors in the developing eye; in the larval eye disk it defines a subset of cells as an equipotential group that is competent to respond to the sevenless developmental signal and another subset that confer proper photoreceptor identity by positively regulating the homeo box gene Bar. Involved in the aop/pnt dynamic in a Ras-dependent manner to regulate pros expression. Promotes apoptosis in the pupal eye by directly activating aos and klu. Also modulates hid- and rpr-mediated cell death. Regulates amos function in olfactory sensilla development.

(UniProt, Q9W349)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

lz: lozenge

Many alleles with a wide range of phenotypes. Homozygous males have eyes size variably reduced and often ovoid in shape. Surface with fused facets producing a roughened glistening appearance (= glossy), or smooth with pigment either uniformly distributed or concentrated at periphery of the eye (= spectacle). Eye pigment variably reduced, and Malpighian tubes slightly lighter than normal (Brehme and Demerec, 1942, Growth 6: 351-56). Tarsal claws reduced to different extents by different alleles. Spermathecae and parovaria (= accessory glands) often missing in homozygotes with abnormal parovaria seen in some heterozygous females (Anderson, 1945). Females often sterile, but sterility appears to be primarily an ovarian defect, since some genotypes which lack parovaria and spermathecae are female fertile. Some alleles lack the class of hemocytes called crystal cells, or at least lack the crystalline inclusions of those cells; the inclusions can be shown to comprise prophenoloxidase, and flies lacking crystal cells are deficient in phenol oxidase activity and suppress the phenotype of Bc. Five of fifteen alleles tested (lz36f17, lz46, lzD, lzrfg, and lzs) suppress Bc and lack crystal cells and phenol oxidase activity (Rizki and Rizki, 1981, Genetics 97: s90); postulated that lz+ crucial to differentiation of crystal cells, and is not a structural gene for any of the five phenol oxidase moieties. Peeples, Geisler, Whitcraft, and Oliver report defective phenol oxidase activity in lzg (1969, Biochem. Genet. 3: 563-69) lz64j, lz66c, lzs, and lzy4, but not in lz50e, or lzK (1969, Genetics 62: 161-70); Warner, Grell, and Jacobson (1974, Biochem. Genet. 11: 359-65) found no phenol oxidase activity in lzrfg, but normal levels in lz1 and lzg.

lz1

Eye narrower than wild type and ovoid. Irregular facets in some areas cause rough patches; areas of fused facets appear as smooth patches. Eye color appears normal but, in combination with st, slight reduction in red pigment detectable. Tarsal claws reduced. Developmental study by Waddington and Pilkington (1942, DIS 16: 70) shows failure of middle cell layer of optic disk to penetrate between cells of outer layer; surface thus covered with primary pigment cells. Females sterile. Parovaria and spermathecae absent; some lz/+ females have abnormal parovaria (Anderson, 1945, Genetics 30: 280-96). Suppressed by su(f)6 (Schalet, 1970, Genen. Phaenen 14: 16-17), su(Hw)2, e(we)s, and su(pr)e3; enhanced by su(s)3 and su(wa) (Rutledge, Mortin, Schwarz, Thierry-Mieg, and Meselson, 1988, Genetics 119: 391-97). Phenol oxidase activity increased from 17% to 71% normal (Snyder and Smith, 1976, Biochem. Genet. 14: 611-17). RK1.

lz3

Eye size sharply reduced; surface smooth. Optic disk of mature larva and prepupa two-thirds normal size (Chen, 1929, J. Morphol. 47: 135-99). Red pigment greatly reduced; color yellowish brown, cream colored in combination with v. Tarsal claws vestigial. Homozygous females lack parovaria and spermathecae and are sterile; lz3/+ females lack parovaria and many have abnormal spermathecae [Anderson, 1945, Genetics 30: 280-96 (fig.)]. Unaffected by su(f)6 (Schalet, Snyder, and Smith, 1976, Biochem. Genet. 14: 611-17). RK1.

lz34

Eye phenotype intermediate between lz and lz3. Surface of eye has large areas of fused facets with a few normal facets (Clayton, 1957, Genetics 42: 28-41); eye color dark red with small yellowish spots. Larval Malpighian tubes slightly lighter than normal; variable (Brehme and Demerec, 1942, Growth 6: 351-56). Tarsal claws reduced. Spermathecae and parovaria absent from homozygous females, which accumulate stage 14 oocyte and are quite infertile; some lz34/+ females have abnormal parovaria (Anderson, 1945, Genetics 30: 280-96). Eye effect, but not other aspects of phenotype, enhanced by spae(lz); eye converted from a glossy to a spectacle phenotype (Beeson and Bender, 1975, J. Exp. Zool. 193: 177-90). In the presence of su(lz34), lz34 flies have virtually normal eyes. Beeson and Bender were unable to confirm previous observations of Bender and Green (1960, Genetics 45: 1563-66) that su(lz34) increases the fecundity of lz34 females. Unaffected by su(f)6 (Schalet) or su(Hw)2; however suppressed by su(pr) and enhanced by su(s) and su(wa) (Rutledge, Mortin, Schwarz, Thierry-Mieg, and Meselson, 1988, Genetics 119: 391-97). RK1.

*lz35

Eyes reduced and diamond shaped; color opaque brown. Homozygous females sterile. lz35/lz females fertile. RK1.

lz37

Eye size reduced. Areas of irregular facets in posterior region of eye; eye color normal. Enhanced by su(f)6 (Schalet, 1970, Genen. Phaenen 14: 16-17); also enhanced by su(Hw)2 and su(s) (Rutledge, Mortin, Schwarz, Thierry-Mieg, and Meselson, Genetics 119: 391-97). Phenol oxidase level decreased from 94% to 58% of normal (Snyder and Smith, 1976, Biochem. Genet. 14: 611-17). RK1.

lz48f

Unaffected by su(f)6 (Schalet).

*lz49h

Eye size sharply reduced; surface smooth; red pigment distributed over entire eye. Tarsal claws normal. Spermathecae and parovaria present and normal in females, which are fertile. Complements all lz alleles tested except lz50e.

lz50e

Like lz49h. Eyes reduced in size and almond shaped; no indication of facets; covered with indentations, giving a pock-marked appearance. Hairs on eye surface sparse or absent; eye surface glossy with many large black or brown flecks. Tarsal claws normal. Females fertile; spermathecae and parovaria present and normal. lz50e/lz has normal eyes except for a few flecks. Complements most other lz alleles except lz49h, lz52c, and those associated with rearrangements or deficiencies. Unaffected by su(f)6 (Schalet). RK1.

*lz52c

Eyes mottled, yellowish brown, darker at rim; facets fused. Males semisterile with missing tarsal claws, although pulvilli and endopodia normal. Third antennal segment slightly reduced. lz52c/lz50e females resemble lz50e. RK1.

*lz59

Eyes reduced in size and ovoid; facets fused; surface slightly rough and almost or completely hairless; color light brown with darker, slightly reddish rim; almost colorless in combination with v. Tarsal claws practicaly absent as in lzc1. Males sterile, (possibly associated with X-autosome translocation), transmit no motile sperm to females; therefore, homozygous females not observed. lz59/lz37 females intermediate between the two mutants in eye phenotype, have reduced tarsal claws, and are weakly fertile. RK2.

lz61f

Facets completely fused; eye color dark, but pigment unevenly distributed and concentrated at margin. Females found to be fertile by Burdicks, but were sterile when studied by Schwalm, Bender, and Klingle (1970, DIS 45: 91) who studied the ultrastructure of eggs produced by homozygous females. lz61f/lz females more nearly normal than either mutant; facets disrupted and fused only in posterior third of eye; also fertile. RK1.

lz63

Eye shape oval; color brown, darkest at margin; surface smooth and glossy. Viability and fertility of both sexes good. RK1.

lz63f

Eye size moderately reduced; surface smooth; color brownish with darker margin. Tarsal claws and pulvilli strongly reduced. Spermathecae and parovaria absent; female reproductive capability strongly reduced. lz63f complements lz50e but not lz34, lzD, or lz61f (Klingele). Spermathecal number of lz63f/lzK 0-3. RK1.

lz71a

Phenol oxidase activity severely reduced; further reduced in presence of su(f) (Snyder and Smith), 1976, Biochem. Genet. 14: 611-17.

*lzcl: lozenge-clawless

Eyes narrow and small without facets; surface has rough spots; color amber, both pteridines and ommochromes affected, darker at rim. Tarsal claws absent. Third antennal segment reduced; sensilla on antennae abnormal. Phenotype similar in both sexes. Females infertile and lack spermathecae and parovaria. Autonomous in transplants. RK1.

lzD: lozenge-Dominant

Males and homozygous females resemble lzs. Heterozygous females sometimes have roughened eyes. Apparent dominance shown by H. Bender to be caused by the presence of spae(lz); heterozygous expression additionally enhanced by presence of In(2LR)bwV1.

lzg: lozenge-glossy

Eyes smaller than wild type; surface glossy from fused facets; a few normal facets also present; color dark blood red, bright red in combination with st or v. Larval Malpighian tubes slightly lighter than normal (Brehme and Demerec, 1942, Growth 6: 351-56). Tarsal claws reduced. Spermathecae and parovaria absent from homozygous females, which have reduced fertility; lzg/+ females tend to have abnormal parovaria [Anderson, 1945, Genetics 30: 280-96 (fig.)]. RK1.

*lzgl: lozenge-glued

Eyes of male reduced and roughened like Gl; color dark; female eyes somewhat less extreme. lzgl/lz intermediate between lzg1 and lz and sterile. Homozygous females fertile. RK1.

lzK: lozenge of Krivshenko

Eyes narrow and moderately rough; facets irregular; eyes of homozygous females more nearly normal than those of males. Tarsal claws normal. Females fertile; spermathecae and parovaria present. Interactions of lzK with other lz alleles described by Green [1961, Genetics 46: 1169-76 (fig.)]. Unaffected by su(f)6 or su(Hw)2; however suppressed by su(pr) and enhanced by su(s) and su(wa) (Rutledge, Mortin, Schwarz, Thierry-Mieg, and Meselson, 1988, Genetics 119: 391-97). RK1.

*lzM58: lozenge of Meyer

Eyes small and oval; surface glossy; color brownish. Tarsal claws missing. Homozygous females moderately fertile, although spermathecae absent; lzM58/lzs also fertile. RK1.

lzs: lozenge-spectacled

Eye size reduced, narrower than normal; no true facets; whole eye has glossy surface; color yellow-brown with darker rim, creamy in combination with v. Tarsal claws vestigial. Homozygous females lack spermathecae and parovaria and are sterile. lzs/+ females tend to have abnormal parovaria (Anderson, 1945, Genetics 30: 280-96). RK1.

lzy4: lozenge in yellow-4

Similar to lzs but eye color redder. Homozygous females lack spermathecae and parovaria and are sterile; lzy4/+ females have abnormal parovaria and tend to lack spermathecae and parovaria (Anderson, 1945, Genetics 30: 280-96). RK1.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

transcription factor - AML-1 homolog - involved in sensillogenesis in antenna - mutants lack basiconic sensilla and some trichoid sensilla - the presence of Lz in R3/4 precluster cells is sufficient to endow them with a second wave cell fate response repertoire

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\lz for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure New Section

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q9W349)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

lz-RA

FBtr0071320

NM_078544

3468

826

lz-RB

FBtr0112814

NM_001103449

3105

705

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

3.468 (longest cDNA)

(Daga et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

lz-PA

FBpp0071255

84.7

826

7.22

FBpp0111726

73.2

705

7.06

Q27J10

NP_001096919

ABW09367

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

828 (aa)

(Daga et al., 1996)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\lz using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

lz_1

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that the Fly Cell Atlas project found the gene expressed in that cell type. Darker colors mean that more cells of that cell type express the gene:

low

high

Colorless tiles indicate that there is no scRNAseq data for the gene in that cell type.

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data (RNA and/or protein) has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

Colored tiles in the ribbon indicate the average RNA expression level of the gene at the indicated stages:

low

high

as determined by RNA-seq (RPKM) using whole organism samples modENCODE, Brown et al., 2014. For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

crystal cell primordium

Comment: reported as crystal cell specific anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

larval foregut atrium | precursor

Comment: reported as atrium primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

procrystal cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

larval foregut atrium

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval crystal cell

(Fisher et al., 2012)

Additional Descriptive Data

lz transcript levels are thought to be very low as no message was detected on RNA blots or in situ hybridizations to eye discs.

(Daga et al., 1996)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

wandering third instar larval stage

female genital disc

(Chatterjee et al., 2011)

prepupal stage P1 -- P3

ventral thoracic disc | distal

Comment: 0-4 hr APF

(Goulding et al., 2000)

antennal disc | segmentally repeated

Comment: 0-4 hr APF

(Goulding et al., 2000)

Additional Descriptive Data

lz protein is expressed in the female genital discs of third instar larvae. Expression is localized to the anterior medial domain of the A8 primordium, and in lateral domains of the A9 primordium.

(Chatterjee et al., 2011)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Miller et al., 2017, Chatterjee et al., 2011)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{GawB}lz^gal4

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 10

hemocyte | precursor

(Fossett et al., 2001)

embryonic stage 10 -- 13

crystal cell primordium

(Narbonne-Reveau et al., 2011)

procrystal cell

(Narbonne-Reveau et al., 2011)

embryonic stage 10 -- 17

embryonic/larval crystal cell

(Fossett et al., 2001)

embryonic stage 16

embryonic/larval crystal cell

(Bras et al., 2012)

larval stage -- adult stage

antennal lobe glomerulus DL3

(Jhaveri et al., 2004)

antennal lobe glomerulus DM6

(Jhaveri et al., 2004)

second instar larval stage -- third instar larval stage

embryonic/larval crystal cell

(Sinenko et al., 2009)

procrystal cell

(Sinenko et al., 2009)

third instar larval stage

photoreceptor cell R1 -- photoreceptor cell R6

(Crew et al., 1997)

five-cell ommatidial precursor cluster

(Crew et al., 1997)

photoreceptor cell R7

(Crew et al., 1997)

embryonic/larval crystal cell

(Bretscher et al., 2015, Bras et al., 2012)

cortical zone of lymph gland primary lobe | restricted

(Kroeger et al., 2012)

embryonic/larval hemocyte

(Bras et al., 2012)

pupal stage

pigment cell

(Crew et al., 1997)

cone cell

(Crew et al., 1997)

pupal stage P6

antennal disc | restricted

Comment: reference states 22-30 hr APF

(Sen et al., 2004)

external sensory organ precursor cell of antennal disc

Comment: reference states 22-30 hr APF

(Sen et al., 2004)

pupal stage P6 -- pharate adult stage P9

presumptive spermatheca

(Chatterjee et al., 2011)

presumptive female accessory gland

(Chatterjee et al., 2011)

pupal stage P7

antennal lobe glomerulus DL3

Comment: reference states 36 hr APF

(Sen et al., 2004)

antennal lobe glomerulus DM6

Comment: reference states 36 hr APF

(Sen et al., 2004)

basiconic sensillum of antennal segment 3

Comment: reference states 36 hr APF

(Sen et al., 2004)

trichoid sensillum of antennal segment 3

Comment: reference states 36 hr APF

(Sen et al., 2004)

adult stage

photoreceptor cell R1

(Kaminker et al., 2002)

photoreceptor cell R6

(Kaminker et al., 2002)

photoreceptor cell R7

(Kaminker et al., 2002)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\lz in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\lz

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\lz

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0002576

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

31883/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0002576

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0002576

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0002576

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0002576

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 141 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 22 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of lz

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of lz

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 42 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 42 )

Gene duplicated in

Gene not disrupted in

(Patterson, 1932)

(Patterson, 1932)

(Patterson, 1932)

(Patterson, 1932)

(Patterson, 1932)

(Batterham et al., 1996)

In(1)1zA

(Mackensen, 1935)

In(1)AM

(Green and Green, 1956)

Gene not duplicated in

Dp(1;Y)578

(Lilly and Botas, 1999)

Dp(1;Y)619

(Lilly and Botas, 1999)

Dp(1;Y)850

(Lilly and Botas, 1999)

Inferred from location ( 0 )

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal | cold sensitive

lz^cs

lethal | female

lz^50j

lethal | heat sensitive

lz^hs.PD

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^lz-gal4

lz^enR.UAS

lethal - all die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4^nos.PG

lz^UAS.cBa

partially lethal

lz^33e

viable

viable | male

lz^52e

Sterility

Allele

female fertile

female semi-sterile

lz^63f

female sterile

female sterile | recessive

lz³⁵

fertile

lz^A27.1F1

male fertile

male semi-sterile | recessive

lz^52c

male sterile | recessive

lz⁵⁹

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal eye color

abnormal eye color | recessive

abnormal neuroanatomy

lz³

abnormal smell perception

lz³

abnormal smell perception | recessive

lz^DB

abnormal smell perception | recessive | heat sensitive

abnormal smell perception | semidominant

lz³

abnormal wound healing

lz^r15

decreased cell death | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

increased cell death

increased cell death | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

increased cell number | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

increased cell number | third instar larval stage

lz^gal4

increased cell number | third instar larval stage (with lz^gal4)

lz^r1

increased cell number | third instar larval stage (with lz^r1)

lz^gal4

increased cell size | third instar larval stage

lz^gal4

increased cell size | third instar larval stage (with lz^gal4), with Scer\GAL4^lz-gal4

lz^r1

increased cell size | third instar larval stage (with lz^r1), with Scer\GAL4^lz-gal4

lz^gal4

some die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4^nos.PG

lz^UAS.cBa

some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4^lz-gal4

lz^enR.UAS

visible (with lz^77a7)

lz^gal4

visible (with lz^gal4)

visible (with lz^rfg)

lz^gal4

visible | dominant

lz^Sprite

visible | heat sensitive

visible | recessive | heat sensitive

visible | semidominant

wild-type

lz^GMR.PD

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult antennal lobe commissure

lz³

adult antennal nerve

lz³

adult optic lobe

lz^50e

antenna

antenna | heat sensitive

lz¹¹⁴

antennal lobe glomerulus

lz³

antennal lobe glomerulus DL2

antennal lobe glomerulus V

antennal lobe glomerulus VL2

antennal sense organ

lz¹¹⁴

antennal sense organ | precursor

basiconic sensillum

basiconic sensillum of antennal segment 3

basiconic sensillum of antennal segment 3 | heat sensitive

cell body rind of adult lamina

lz³⁴

coeloconic sensillum of antennal segment 3

cone cell

embryo | dorsal closure stage, with Scer\GAL4^nos.PG

lz^UAS.cBa

embryonic/larval crystal cell

embryonic/larval crystal cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^e33C

lz^UAS.cBa

embryonic/larval crystal cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4^twi.PB

lz^UAS.cBa

embryonic/larval crystal cell | third instar larval stage

lz^gal4

embryonic/larval crystal cell | third instar larval stage (with lz^gal4), with Scer\GAL4^lz-gal4

lz^r1

embryonic/larval crystal cell | third instar larval stage (with lz^r1), with Scer\GAL4^lz-gal4

lz^gal4

embryonic/larval optic stalk

embryonic/larval plasmatocyte, with Scer\GAL4^svr-PG33

lz^UAS.cBa

eye | heat sensitive

eye | posterior

eye | posterior | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

eye-antennal disc | P-stage

lz³

eye disc

eye disc | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

eye disc | P-stage

eye disc | third instar larval stage

lz^77a7

eye photoreceptor cell

eye photoreceptor cell | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone

lz^r1

fascicle & antennal segment 3

lz³

female accessory gland

female accessory gland | temperature conditional

lz^ts1

hemocyte, with Df(2L)200, Scer\GAL4^srp.D.cCa

lz^UAS.cBa

interommatidial bristle

interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

lz^UAS.cBa

interommatidial bristle | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

lamina

lens

lens | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

lobula

lz^s

lobula plate

lz^s

maxillary palp basiconic sensillum

maxillary palpus

maxillary palpus | heat sensitive

lz¹¹⁴

medulla

lz^s

mesothoracic unguis

metathoracic unguis

ommatidial precursor cluster

lz^r15

ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

lz^UAS.cBa

ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4^lz-gal4

lz^enR.UAS

ommatidium (with lz^77a7)

lz^gal4

ommatidium (with lz^gal4)

ommatidium (with lz^rfg)

lz^gal4

ommatidium | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone

lz^r1

ommatidium | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

ovary

photoreceptor cell R1

photoreceptor cell R1 & axon

lz^Sprite

photoreceptor cell R2

lz^K

photoreceptor cell R2 & axon

lz^Sprite

photoreceptor cell R3

photoreceptor cell R4

photoreceptor cell R5

lz^K

photoreceptor cell R5 & axon

lz^Sprite

photoreceptor cell R6

photoreceptor cell R6 & axon

lz^Sprite

photoreceptor cell R7

photoreceptor cell R7 | ectopic

lz^GMR.PD

photoreceptor cell R7 | increased number

lz^sev.PF

photoreceptor cell R7 | third instar larval stage

lz^77a7

pigment cell

pigment granule | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone

lz^r1

prothoracic unguis

pulvillus

lz^63f

retina

retina | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

secondary pigment cell | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

sensillum coeloconicum & antennal segment 3

lz³

spermatheca

spermatheca | temperature conditional

lz^ts1

spermathecal duct

tarsal segment

tertiary pigment cell | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

third segment of antenna

trichoid sensillum

trichoid sensillum of antennal segment 3

trichoid sensillum of antennal segment 3 | ectopic | heat sensitive

lz^ts1

trichoid sensillum of antennal segment 3 | heat sensitive

unguis

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (4)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\RUNX2

5 of 15

Yes

Hsap\RUNX1

4 of 15

Hsap\RUNX3

4 of 15

Hsap\LOC101928269

1 of 15

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Runx1

5 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Runx2

5 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Runx3

4 of 15

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)

Rnor\Runx1

5 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Runx2

4 of 13

Rnor\Runx3

2 of 13

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)

Xtro\runx1

5 of 12

Yes

Xtro\runx2

4 of 12

Xtro\runx3

4 of 12

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)

Drer\runx1

4 of 15

Yes

Drer\runx2a

4 of 15

Yes

Drer\runx3

4 of 15

Yes

Drer\runx2b

2 of 15

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\rnt-1

6 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (3)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

run

4 of 10

RunxA

3 of 10

RunxB

3 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

RUNX2; RUNX family transcription factor 2

model of cleidocranial dysplasia

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of metaphyseal dysplasia-maxillary hypoplasia-brachydacty syndrome

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

RUNX2; RUNX family transcription factor 2

5 of 15

600211

RUNX1; RUNX family transcription factor 1

4 of 15

151385

acute myeloid leukemia

RUNX3; RUNX family transcription factor 3

4 of 15

600210

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

lz - Chi

nuclear magnetic resonance

(Fiedler et al., 2015)

lz - DnaJ-1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Miller et al., 2017)

lz - MED1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Immarigeon et al., 2019)

lz - Mlf

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, autoradiography

(Miller et al., 2017)

lz - pnt

two hybrid

(Jackson Behan et al., 2005)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

amos

(Goulding et al., 2000)

enhanceable

aop

(Behan et al., 2002)

enhanceable

Bgb

(Kaminker et al., 2001)

suppressible

Bgb

(Li and Gergen, 1999)

enhanceable

Bro::Hsap\MYH11

(Li and Gergen, 1999)

suppressible

Bro

(Li and Gergen, 1999)

enhanceable

E(lz)15

(Gupta and Rodrigues, 1995)

enhanceable

E(lz)53

(Gupta and Rodrigues, 1995)

enhanceable

E(lz)174

(Gupta and Rodrigues, 1995)

enhanceable

E(lz)178

(Gupta and Rodrigues, 1995)

enhanceable

E(lz)205

(Gupta and Rodrigues, 1995)

suppressible

e(w^e)

(Rutledge et al., 1988)

enhanceable

en(lz)Y

(Kaminker et al., 2001)

enhanceable

Hsp83

(Kaminker et al., 2001)

enhanceable

mod(mdg4)

(Georgiev and Gerasimova, 1989)

enhanceable

osa

(Kaminker et al., 2001)

suppressible

Ras85D

(Behan et al., 2002)

enhanceable

Ras85D

(Behan et al., 2002)

enhanceable

srp

(Fossett et al., 2003)

enhanceable

su(f)

(Siddall et al., 2003, Fitch et al., 1992, Schalet, 1972)

suppressible

su(f)

(Fitch et al., 1992)

suppressible

su(Hw)

(Lindsley and Grell, 1968)

suppressible

su(lz³⁴)

(Siddall et al., 2003)

enhanceable

(Kaminker et al., 2001, Flores et al., 2000)

enhanceable

(Stocker et al., 1993)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

amos

suppressible

(zur Lage et al., 2003)

aop

suppressible

(Behan et al., 2002)

aos

suppressible

(Wildonger et al., 2005)

DnaJ-1

suppressible

(Miller et al., 2017)

suppressible

(Protzer et al., 2008)

hid

suppressible

(Wildonger et al., 2005)

Mlf

suppressible

(Miller et al., 2017, Bras et al., 2012)

PPO1

suppressible

(Rizki and Rizki, 1981)

rpr

suppressible

(Wildonger et al., 2005)

srp

enhanceable

(Fossett et al., 2003)

srp

suppressible

(Waltzer et al., 2003)

ttk

suppressible

(Siddall et al., 2009)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

58331

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0002576

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0002576

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

MAPK signaling pathway - fly

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-27

Cytogenetic map

8D5-8D6

Sequence location

X:9,284,649..9,303,636 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

8D5-8D6

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}EP1450&P{EP}EP1356 and P{EP}EP912^EP912

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

8D-8D

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Crew et al., 1997, Barnett et al., 1980)

8D8-8D9

(Nichols et al., 1996)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-27

(FlyBase, 2016)

1-28.4

(Comeron et al., 2012)

1-27.7

(Nichols et al., 1996, Voloshina et al., 1996, Mickey, 1963, Mickey, 1952, Arvelighetsinstitutten, University, Neel, 1942)

(Krivshenko, 1956)

Left of (cM)

Dna2

(Mason et al., 1981)

Right of (cM)

mus111

(Mason et al., 1981)

(Green and Green, 1956)

Notes

lz^b maps 0.187 map units distal to lz^50e, and 0.053 map units proximal to lz^g.

(Batterham et al., 1996)

The lz region has been subdivided into four recombinationally separable groups of alleles; recombination is observed between but not within groups. Not all alleles have been mapped. The total genetic length of the region is 0.14 cM.

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

Mitotic exchange has occurred between lz³⁶ and lz^y4.

(Tokunaga, 1973)

The lz region has been subdivided into four recombinationally separable groups of alleles.

(Green and Green, 1949)

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (63)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

2387

lz^K

3609

33836

33834

7366

107125

105708

105727

106050

Df(1)N-264-105/FM1, lz⁺

VDRC

v330539

P{VSH330539}attP40

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (22)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (1)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0002576

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

31883

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

anti-lozenge

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: lz CG1689

(Nusskern, 1999.11)

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

lz protein can act as a transcriptional repressor of dpn in the presence of ct protein, with which it directly interacts.

(Canon and Banerjee, 2003)

lz is required during stages 10 to 14 of embryogenesis for crystal cell development, and later during larval stages to replenish lost crystal cells.

(Lebestky et al., 2000)

lz acts in a dose-dependent manner to specify the fate of the sensilla trichoidea and sensilla basiconica in the antenna.

(Gupta et al., 1998)

lz participates in the regulatory hierarchy of eye development by specifying cell fates for several cell types, promoting non-neuronal cell fates of cone and pigment cells over the neuronal fates. Developmental basis of the lz eye phenotype can be attributed to changes in cell identity and recruitment.

(Crew et al., 1997)

Lack of lz function causes a change in cone cell fate inducing them to take on a neuronal identity.

(Daga et al., 1996)

lz functions as a negative regulator of svp in R7 and cone cell precursors. lz controls svp and B expression in the developing eye disc, helping to define the fate of cells that arise from the second wave of mitotic division (R1/R6, R7 and cone cells).

(Daga et al., 1996)

lz may play a permissive role in allowing the non-neuronal support cells (cone or pigment cells) to choose their fate.

(Crew et al., 1995)

Mutation analysis of lz³ suggests that lz activity may be required for founder cell specification.

(Ray and Rodrigues, 1995)

Additional alleles of lz have been isolated in screen for lethal mutations that fail to complement Df(1)10-70d.

(Santamaria and Randsholt, 1995)

Mutations in lz cause a pleiotropic range of phenotypes including severe morphological defects in the compound eye. These defects are associated with altered patterns of cell birth and cell death occurring during critical periods of cell-cell interactions with recruitment.

(Crew et al., 1993)

Alleles show a wide range of phenotypes. Eyes variably reduced in size and often ovoid in shape. Surface with fused facets producing a roughened glistening appearance (= glossy), or smooth with pigment either uniformly distributed or concentrated at periphery of the eye (= spectacle). Tarsal claws reduced to different extents by different alleles. Females often sterile, but sterility appears to be primarily an ovarian defect, since some genotypes which lack parovaria and spermathecae are female fertile. Some alleles lack the class of hemocytes called crystal cells, or at least lack the crystalline inclusions of those cells; the inclusions can be shown to comprise prophenoloxidase and flies lacking crystal cells are deficient in phenol oxidase activity and suppress the phenotype of Bc. Double mutants produced by recombination all have the extreme phenotype of lz^s.

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

It has been postulated that lz⁺ crucial to differentiation of crystal cells and is not a structural gene for any of the five phenol oxidase moieties.

(Lindsley and Zimm, 1992)

Behavioural data suggests antennal and maxillary basiconic sensilla may be important receptors for short chain alcohols and organic acids but less crucial for acetates, aldehydes and ketones.

(Venard and Stocker, 1991)

The lz mutant phenotype and the loss of maxillary basiconic sensilla have only subtle effects on the behaviours induced by esters and carbonyl compounds.

(Venard and Stocker, 1991)

Mutants in lz cause the loss of prophenoloxidase activity. Encapsulation of eggs from the parasitoid strain L.boulardi demonstrate that phenoloxidases are required only for blackening and hardening of haemolytic capsules.

(Rizki and Rizki, 1990)

Mating studies of lz mutants suggests that antennal basiconic sensilla are important for neither the perception of the attraction pheromones of virgin females nor the inhibitory pheromone of mated females.

(Stocker and Gendre, 1989)

Five out of 15 alleles of lz suppress the Bc¹ phenotype.

(Rizki and Rizki, 1981)

The lz locus is active during the first half of the egg stage.

(Rizki and Rizki, 1981)

No phenol oxidase activity in lz^rfg, but normal levels in lz¹ and lz^g.

(Warner et al., 1974)

Defective phenol oxidase activity in lz^g.

(Peeples et al., 1969)

Defective phenol oxidase activity in lz^64j, lz^66c, lz^s and lz^y4, but not in lz^50e, or lz^K.

(Peeples et al., 1969)

Spermathecae and parovaria (= accessory glands) often missing in homozygotes with abnormal parovaria seen in some heterozygous females.

(Anderson, 1945)

Eye pigment variably reduced and Malpighian tubes slightly lighter than normal.

(Brehme and Demerec, 1942)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 176 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

31883

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q9W349

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q9W349

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q27J10

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q9W349

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0002576

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

31883/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0002576

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

lz_1

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0002576

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0002576

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0002576

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0002576

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

31883

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG1689

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

31883

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0002576

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

58331

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0002576

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0002576

Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research

anti-lozenge

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0002576

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0002576

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

MAPK signaling pathway - fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG1689

(Meadows, 2018.4.4, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Perkins et al., 2009, Begun et al., 2007)

(Baker and Firth, 2011)

Lozenge

(Vo et al., 2017)

amx

(Krivshenko, 1956)

fs(1)A1569

fs(1)M69

(Perrimon et al., 1986, Mohler and Carroll, 1984)

lozenge

(Ferguson et al., 2021, Davis and Rebay, 2017, Dyer et al., 2017)

(Girard et al., 2021, Moussalem et al., 2021, Bravo González-Blas et al., 2020, Cho et al., 2020, Gupta and Stocker, 2020, Yan et al., 2020, Hall et al., 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Jang et al., 2017, Miller et al., 2017, Wagamitsu et al., 2017, Bielmeier et al., 2016, Kwon et al., 2016, Fiedler et al., 2015, Morán et al., 2015, Anderson et al., 2014, Ciglar et al., 2014, Evans et al., 2014, Honti et al., 2014, Li et al., 2013, Mavromatakis and Tomlinson, 2013, Naval-Sánchez et al., 2013, Spokony and White, 2013.5.10, Sun and Spradling, 2013, Bras et al., 2012, Legent et al., 2012, Nfonsam et al., 2012, Chatterjee et al., 2011, Galy et al., 2011, Kulkarni et al., 2011, Marcu et al., 2011, McNeil et al., 2011, Napoletano et al., 2011, Cook et al., 2010, Gobert et al., 2010, Popodi et al., 2010-, Sen et al., 2010, Venken et al., 2010, Almudi et al., 2009, Kondo et al., 2009, Miller et al., 2009, Osman et al., 2009, Siddall et al., 2009, Sinenko et al., 2009, Christensen et al., 2008.6.11, Christensen et al., 2008.6.11, Duncan et al., 2008, Kwong et al., 2008, Begun et al., 2007, Bidla et al., 2007, Copeland et al., 2007, Ferjoux et al., 2007, Firth and Baker, 2007, Gajewski et al., 2007, Muratoglu et al., 2007, Muratoglu et al., 2007, Nagaraj and Banerjee, 2007, Reig et al., 2007, Roy et al., 2007, de Velasco et al., 2006, Friedrich, 2006, Bidla et al., 2005, Haddrill et al., 2005, Sen et al., 2005, Bruckner et al., 2004, Siegel et al., 2004, Voas and Rebay, 2004, Baba and Hatsumi, 2003, Wright, 1987, Rizki et al., 1985, Batterham and MacKechnie, 1980)

spe

Name Synonyms

lozenge

(Koranteng et al., 2020, Ramond et al., 2020, Benoit et al., 2017, Bielmeier et al., 2016, Fiedler et al., 2015, Li et al., 2013, Martin et al., 2013, Naval-Sánchez et al., 2013, Legent et al., 2012, Morillo et al., 2012, Sun and Spradling, 2012, Marcu et al., 2011, Narbonne-Reveau et al., 2011, Gobert et al., 2010, Almudi et al., 2009, Hill-Burns and Clark, 2009, Jacques et al., 2009, Kondo et al., 2009, Miller et al., 2009, Siddall et al., 2009, Bao and Friedrich, 2008, Legent et al., 2008, Bidla et al., 2007, Copeland et al., 2007, Firth and Baker, 2007, Gajewski et al., 2007, Muratoglu et al., 2007, Plessis et al., 2007, Reig et al., 2007, Roy et al., 2007, Crow et al., 2006, de Velasco et al., 2006, Friedrich, 2006, Haddrill et al., 2005, Mandal et al., 2005, Siegel et al., 2004, Voas and Rebay, 2004, Dimitri et al., 2003, Rennert et al., 2003, Flores, 1998.5.27, Wright, 1987, Batterham and MacKechnie, 1980)

spectacled

Secondary FlyBase IDs

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