FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\slgA

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\slgA

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

sluggish A

Annotation Symbol

CG1417

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0003423

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

17 publicly available

Enzyme Name (EC)

proline dehydrogenase (1.5.5.2)

Gene Summary

sluggish A (slgA) encodes a mitochondrial proline dehydrogenase that catalyzes the conversion of L-proline to pyrroline-5-carboxylate which is the first step in L-glutamate biosynthesis from L-proline. [Date last reviewed: 2025-09-11] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)

All Summaries

Gene Snapshot
Alliance
Auto summary
Gene Group
UniProtKB
Red Book
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

slg, sluggish, proline dehydrogenase

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

19F6-20A1

Sequence location

X:21,374,002..21,385,159 [+]

Recombination map

1-66

RefSeq locus

NC_004354 REGION:21374002..21385159

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)

Molecular Function (2 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables proline dehydrogenase activity

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

enables FAD binding

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000357758

(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)

inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:O43272

(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)

enables proline dehydrogenase activity

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR015659

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Biological Process (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in L-proline catabolic process

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hayward et al., 1993)

involved_in locomotory behavior

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Hayward et al., 1993, Perrimon et al., 1989)

involved_in phototaxis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in L-glutamate biosynthetic process

traceable author statement

(Hayward et al., 1993)

involved_in L-proline catabolic process

inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR015659

(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)

Cellular Component (1 term)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from direct assay

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

UNCLASSIFIED CH-NH OXIDOREDUCTASES

Pathway (FlyBase)

L-GLUTAMATE BIOSYNTHESIS (FROM L-PROLINE)

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the proline oxidase family. (Q04499)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)

proline dehydrogenase activity

L-proline + a quinone = (S)-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate + a quinol + H(+) (1.5.5.2)

RHEA 23784:

Summaries

Gene Snapshot

Gene Group (FlyBase)

UNCLASSIFIED CH-NH OXIDOREDUCTASES -: This group comprises CH-NH oxidoreductases that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.

Pathway (FlyBase)

L-GLUTAMATE BIOSYNTHESIS (FROM L-PROLINE) -: L-glutamate is a non-essential amino acid and can be synthesized in the mitochondrion from L-proline. Besides its role in protein synthesis, L-glutamate is required for the production of GABA, L-serine, L-proline, L-alanine, glutathione and is part of the malate-aspartate shuttle. In addition, L-glutamate acts as a neurotransmitter and is used for the glutamylation of tubulin and the tetrahydrofolate cofactor. (Adapted from PMID:34291343.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Converts proline to delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (PubMed:8096642). Involved in the conversion of proline to glutamate, which functions as a transmitter at neuromuscular junctions (PubMed:8096642). Glutamate deficiency could possibly account for reduced motor activity (PubMed:8096642).

(UniProt, Q04499)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

slgA: sluggish-A (J.C. Hall)

Isolated as defective in fast phototaxis, using counter-current-distribution (CCD) machine; also turned out to have poor (negative) geotaxis in this machine; yet mutant males showed some positive optomotor responses and had a normal electroretinogram; hence termed sluggish (as opposed to phototaxis-defective per se); Markow and Merriam (1977) confirmed aberrant CCD phototactic response; in maze tests the mutant was found to be quite photonegative (more so than wild type) and seemingly normal in geotaxis (Markow and Merriam, 1977). slgA causes poor viability, as well as aberrant behavior in hemizygous females (Miklos et al., 1987); in mosaics studied for sluggishness, a mutant leg seemed to be debilitated independently of behavior of other legs, with the six foci for such movement deficits mapping to the ventral blastoderm (A. Ghysen, cited in Hall, 1978).

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\slgA for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry Q04499)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures

Crossreferences

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Gene model reviewed during 5.53

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

slgA-RA

FBtr0077203

NM_167751

2908

669

slgA-RB

FBtr0077206

NM_167753

3778

669

slgA-RC

FBtr0077207

NM_167754

2494

356

slgA-RD

FBtr0077204

NM_167752

3814

681

slgA-RE

FBtr0077205

NM_078709

3814

681

slgA-RF

FBtr0077208

NM_206805

3497

669

slgA-RG

FBtr0077209

NM_206804

3421

669

slgA-RH

FBtr0077210

NM_206803

3859

669

slgA-RI

FBtr0307524

NM_001258862

3580

669

slgA-RJ

FBtr0307525

NM_001258863

3472

669

slgA-RK

FBtr0307526

NM_001258864

3404

669

slgA-RL

FBtr0307527

NM_001258865

3359

669

slgA-RM

FBtr0307528

NM_001258866

2551

669

slgA-RN

FBtr0307529

NM_001258867

3457

681

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

3.6, 2.5 (northern blot)

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

UniProt

RefSeq ID

GenBank

slgA-PA

FBpp0076902

76.0

669

9.23

FBpp0076905

75.9

669

9.31

FBpp0076906

41.6

356

9.34

NP_728425

AAF50819

slgA-PD

FBpp0076903

77.2

681

9.31

FBpp0076904

77.2

681

9.23

FBpp0089304

76.0

669

9.23

FBpp0089305

76.0

669

9.23

FBpp0089306

76.0

669

9.23

FBpp0300179

75.9

669

9.31

FBpp0300180

76.0

669

9.23

FBpp0300181

76.0

669

9.23

FBpp0300182

76.0

669

9.23

FBpp0300183

75.9

669

9.31

FBpp0300184

77.2

681

9.23

M9NHG9

NP_001245796

AFH07508

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

669 aa isoforms: slgA-PA, slgA-PF, slgA-PG, slgA-PH, slgA-PJ, slgA-PK, slgA-PL

681 aa isoforms: slgA-PE, slgA-PN

669 aa isoforms: slgA-PB, slgA-PI, slgA-PM

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

669 (aa)

(Maleszka et al., 1998, Hayward et al., 1993)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\slgA using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

Linkouts

Expression Data

Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.50

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

anal pad

(Hayward et al., 1993)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system

(Hayward et al., 1993)

wandering third instar larval stage

wing pouch | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

wing hinge primordium | restricted

(Molnar et al., 2012)

adult stage

Kenyon cell

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

LNv neuron

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

adult gnathal ganglion | restricted

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

l-LNv neuron

• neuronal cell body

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

s-LNv Pdf neuron

• neuronal cell body

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

Kenyon cell

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

mass spectroscopy

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

adult head

• membrane

(Aradska et al., 2015)

day 5 of adulthood | male -- day 7 of adulthood | male

spermatozoon

(Wasbrough et al., 2010, Dorus et al., 2006)

day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood

adult heart

(Cammarato et al., 2011)

Additional Descriptive Data

Proline-oxidase activity was found in mitochondrial preparations.

(Zwarts et al., 2017, Hayward et al., 1993)

Proline-oxidase activity in mitochondrial preparations varied little between Canton-S, Amherst, and w^- strains but was significantly reduced in slgA mutant preparations.

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in mitochondrion

inferred from direct assay

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{GawB}slgA^NP4104

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage

Kenyon cell

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

l-LNv neuron

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

s-LNv Pdf neuron

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

adult gnathal ganglion | restricted

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\slgA in JBrowse

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\slgA

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\slgA

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

33117/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0003423

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0003423

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0003423

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1417

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0003423

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 14 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 15 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of slgA

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of slgA

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 49 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 49 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(1)2/19B

(Maleszka et al., 1996, Hayward et al., 1993, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)16-3-22

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)17-257

(Maleszka et al., 1996, Russell et al., 1992, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)17-351

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)17-489

(Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)26B

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)A53

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)C74

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)D43L1

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)DCB1-35b

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)GA33

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)GA37

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)GA40

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)GA104

(Maleszka et al., 1996, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)GE263

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)HM44

(Miklos et al., 1997, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)LB6

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)LB7

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)LB23

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)N77

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)Q539

(Miklos et al., 1997, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)S54

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Gene not disrupted in

Df(1)16-2-13

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)16-3-35

(Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)16-129

(Maleszka et al., 1996, Hayward et al., 1993, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987, Yamamoto et al., 1987)

Df(1)A118

(Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)B57

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)DCB1-35c

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)EA113

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)GA22

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)GA131

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)HC279

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)HF359

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)JA21

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)JA117

(Miklos et al., 1997, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987, Yamamoto et al., 1987)

Df(1)JC4

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Miklos et al., 1987)

Df(1)JC77

(Miklos et al., 1997, Hayward et al., 1993, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987, Yamamoto et al., 1987)

Df(1)mal10

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)mal17

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)run1112

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Df(1)T2-14A

(Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

Gene duplicated in

Dp(1;f)mini2

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Dp(1;f)mini77

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989)

Dp(1;f)mini-ring

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Dp(1;Y)B101

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Dp(1;Y)y⁺mal¹⁰²

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Dp(1;Y)y⁺mal¹⁰⁶

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990)

Dp(1;Y)y⁺mal¹⁷¹

(Perrimon et al., 1989)

Gene not duplicated in

Dp(1;Y)y⁺mal¹²⁶

(Miklos and de Couet, 1990)

Inferred from location ( 23 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

partially lethal - majority die

slgA^{MI06463-TG4.0}

viable, with Dcr-2^UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4^elav.PLu

slgA^GD6542

viable, with Scer\GAL4^Mef2.PR

slgA^GD6542

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

slgA^GD6542

viable, with Scer\GAL4^tin.CΔ4

slgA^GD6542

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal behavior

slgA¹

abnormal behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

abnormal developmental rate

slgA^{MI06463-TG4.0}

abnormal locomotor behavior

slgA¹

abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

slgA^UAS.A

abnormal size | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

decreased rate of movement | adult stage | male limited, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

decreased rate of movement | recessive

slgA¹

increased sleep, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

slgA^GD6542

some die during P-stage

slgA^{MI06463-TG4.0}

uncoordinated

slgA¹

wild-type

slgA^+t14.7

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

adult s-LNv neuron | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

mitochondrion | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^P2.4.Pdf

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Homo sapiens (Human) (3)

Hsap\PRODH

14 of 14

Yes

Hsap\PRODH2

8 of 14

Yes

Hsap\LOC102724788

5 of 14

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (2)

Rnor\Prodh1

14 of 14

Yes

Rnor\Prodh2

8 of 14

Yes

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (2)

Mmus\Prodh

14 of 14

Yes

Mmus\Prodh2

8 of 14

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)

Xtro\prodh

7 of 13

Yes

Xtro\prodh2

3 of 13

Yes

Xtro\prodh2

1 of 13

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)

Drer\prodha

13 of 14

Yes

Drer\prodhb

10 of 14

Yes

Drer\zgc:92040

9 of 14

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\prdh-1

14 of 14

Yes

Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (2)

Agam\AgaP_AGAP003860

11 of 12

Yes

Agam\AgaP_AGAP012718

7 of 12

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)

Atha\AT5G38710

12 of 13

Yes

Atha\ERD5

12 of 13

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)

Scer\PUT1

9 of 13

Yes

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\SPCC70.03c

10 of 12

Yes

Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (1)

Ecol\putA

1 of 11

Yes

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Data provided directly from OrthoDB:slgA. Refer to their site for version information.

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

cognitive/behavioral disorders, PRODH-related

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

slgA^GL01514

model of schizophrenia

CEA

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^GD6542

model of schizophrenia

CEA

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^UAS.A

model of schizophrenia

CEA

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^UAS.B

model of schizophrenia

CEA

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^UAS.C

model of schizophrenia

CEA

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^UAS.D

DOES NOT model schizophrenia

CEA

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

model of schizophrenia

CEA with CkIIα^GL00003

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

CEA with CkIIα^JF01436

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^UAS.E

DOES NOT model schizophrenia

CEA

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

model of schizophrenia

CEA with CkIIα^GL00003

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

CEA with CkIIα^JF01436

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^{MI06463-TG4.0}

model of hyperprolinemia type 1

CEA

(Martelli et al., 2024)

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 2 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

PRODH; proline dehydrogenase 1

model of hyperprolinemia type 1

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

model of schizophrenia 4

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

slgA^KK109194

exacerbates atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor

modeled by Snr1^KK101602

(Tegeder et al., 2019)

slgA^UAS.A

model of schizophrenia

is NOT exacerbated by CkIIα^GL00003

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

is NOT exacerbated by CkIIα^JF01436

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

slgA^UAS.B

model of schizophrenia

is NOT exacerbated by CkIIα^GL00003

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

is NOT exacerbated by CkIIα^JF01436

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

PRODH; proline dehydrogenase 1

14 of 14

PROLINE DEHYDROGENASE 1; PRODH

PRODH2; proline dehydrogenase 2

8 of 14

616377

Hsap\LOC102724788

5 of 14

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

slgA - CkIIα

affinity chromatography technology, western blot

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

View in FlyBase Interactions Browser View in MIST tool (external link)

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

slgA

suppressible

CkIIα

(Zwarts et al., 2017)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Snr1

suppressible

slgA

(Tegeder et al., 2019)

External Data

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

59392

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0003423

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

33117

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Metabolic Pathways

FlyBase

L-GLUTAMATE BIOSYNTHESIS (FROM L-PROLINE)

External Links

FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

L-proline degradation I

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

1-66

Cytogenetic map

19F6-20A1

Sequence location

X:21,374,002..21,385,159 [+]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

19F6-20A1

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG1702^EP1525 and P{EP}EP1465&P{EP}CG1486^EP1192

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

19F4-19F4

(determined by in situ hybridisation) 19F (determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

1-66

(FlyBase, 2016)

1-66.0

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

fliI

(Miklos et al., 1987)

Right of (cM)

Ddx56

(Hayward et al., 1993, Miklos et al., 1987)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (17)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

27907

w^* slgA¹

14676

y¹ P{SUPor-P}slgA^KG07965

51811

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMC03382}attP40

42153

y¹ w^* Mi{MIC}slgA^MI06463

FlyORF

F001612

M{UAS-slgA.ORF}ZH-86Fb

F001259

M{UAS-slgA.ORF.3xHA}ZH-86Fb

10647

10663

11210

11257

v101449

v18561

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD6542}v18561

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (15)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (143)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

LD10578

Other clones

DPiM_LD10578

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0003423

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0003423

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

The slgA gene localised to a 14.7kb region at the base of the X chromosome and encodes proline oxidase.

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Neither toxicity nor behavioural anomaly are detected upon application of proline analogues, 4-methylene L-proline and both isomers of 5-ethynyl proline.

(Tritsch et al., 1993)

The genomic region containing sol and slgA has been cloned and analysed.

(Barleben et al., 1989)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Complements sol (Miklos, Kelly, Coombe, Leeds and Lefevre, 1987). Also complements PC16, another phototaxis/geotaxis-defective mutation in the region, isolated in laboratory of S. Benzer and studied by Markow and Merriam (1977).

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: slgA CG1417

(Li, 1999.11)

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG1417

(Rosa-Ferreira et al., 2015, Schertel et al., 2013, Cammarato et al., 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Grieder et al., 2007, Metta et al., 2006)

EE85

PRODH

(Garfinkel et al., 2003)

ProDH

(Léger et al., 2024)

(Russell et al., 1992)

slg

(Miklos, 1997.8.4, Maleszka et al., 1996, Miklos and Cotsell, 1990, Miklos and de Couet, 1990, Perrimon et al., 1989, Miklos et al., 1987)

tu3

(Hayward et al., 1993)

Name Synonyms

proline dehydrogenase

(Léger et al., 2024, Garfinkel et al., 2003, Tritsch et al., 1993)

sluggish

(Maleszka et al., 1998, Miklos et al., 1997, Miklos et al., 1991)

sluggish A

(Cammarato et al., 2011)

sluggish-A

(Shayan et al., 2000, Hayward, 1993)

sluggishA

(Fergestad et al., 2006)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 96 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

33117

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

Q04499

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Q04499

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

Q04499

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

33117/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0003423

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0003423

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0003423

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

dme:Dmel_CG1417

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

33117

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

59392

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0003423

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0003423

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0003423

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0003423

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0003423

FlyCyc Pathways - Pathways from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

L-proline degradation I

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1417

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0003423

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0003423

iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)

TC006024

KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

33117

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Reactome Metabolic Pathways - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed metabolic pathway database.

References (96)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

-0.50

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