cofactor with pelle to activate Dorsal - involved in dorsal/ventral polarity during early development - adaptor protein that functions downstream of Myd88 in the Toll pathway - regulates antimicrobial peptides
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\tub for information on other features
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AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.
Evidence supports alternative transcription start site within flanking TE (RAMPAGE TSS data, FBrf0220331; cDNA). May be specific to sequenced strain; not included in gene model.
Gene model reviewed during 5.47
Gene model reviewed during 5.55
2.1 (northern blot)
There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene
462 (aa); 50 (kD)
Interacts (via Death domain) with pll (via Death domain).
Phosphorylated by pll.
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\tub using the Feature Mapper tool.
Comment: maternally deposited
tub transcripts are detected throughout development with peaks observed in 0-3hr embryos, third instar larvae and adult females. They are uniformly distributed in mature oocytes and precellular embryos.
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\tub in GBrowse 2Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.
tub is required for muscle development in the embryo.
The embryonic regulatory pathway, comprising the gene products between spz and cact (Tl, tub and pll) but not the genes acting upstream or downstream (ea and dl), is involved in the induction of the Drs gene in adults. Mutations that affect the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides dramatically lower the resistance of flies to infection.
Interaction of the pll kinase with the membrane associated tub protein is required for transduction of the dorsoventral signal in embryos. The interaction of the pll protein with the tub protein is mediated by the putative regulatory domain of pll and not by the protein kinase catalytic domain. pll can function in signal transduction in the absence of tub and cannot act upstream of tub in the signaling pathway.
The tub protein can function in a novel way to enhance dl activity. In the absence of dl or when dl is cytoplasmic, tub is only found in the cytoplasm of transfected cells. When dl is localised to the nucleus, so is tub. tub can then function to enhance reporter gene expression, by cooperation with dl or as a Scer\GAL4-tub fusion protein. tub is capable of acting as both a chaperon or escort for dl as it moves to the nucleus and then as a transcriptional coactivator. The intracytoplasmic domain of Tl is sufficient for activating the signalling pathway that leads to dl-tub nuclear translocation in Schneider cells.
tub acts downstream of Tl indicating that the gene product is part of the machinery that transmits the signal from the Tl receptor to promote nuclear localisation of the dl gene product. tub is not essential for viability but lack of tub gene product decreases the chances of survival to adult stages. Lowering the dosage of pll strongly enhanced the phenotypes of all weak tub alleles. Double mutants of tub and pll show higher zygotic lethality than either single mutant.
The tub protein plays an essential role in the signal transduction pathway that establishes dorso-ventral polarity. Analysis of mutant alleles, interspecific sequence comparisons and RNA injection experiments with deleted tub genes indicate that the two halves of the tub proteins have functionally distinct roles in signal transduction.
Double mutant combinations of tub with ea alleles demonstrate that spatial regulation of ea activity by localized zymogen activation is a key initial event in defining the polarity of the dorsal-ventral embryonic pattern.
Genetic and molecular characterization of tub suggests that tub represents a class of protein active in signal transduction at two stages of development.
Mutations in maternal dorsal class gene tub do not interact with RpII140wimp.
Analysis of mosaic females indicates that Ser, ea, snk and tub are expressed in the germline during oogenesis.