FB2021_03, released June 15, 2021

Gene: Dmel\ci

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\ci
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
cubitus interruptus
Annotation Symbol
CG2125
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0004859
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
167 publicly available
Gene Summary
cubitus interruptus (ci) encodes a Zn-finger family of transcription factor. It contributes to Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway that is involved in pattern formation and growth control. The product of ci undergoes limited proteolysis to be converted into a truncated form that function as a transcription repressor in the absence of the ligand encoded by hh but is converted into a full-length transcription activator in the presence of the product of hh. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

l(4)17, ciD, CID, ci-D, Gli

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
102A1-102A3
Sequence location
4:47,710..57,041 [-]
Recombination map
4-0
RefSeq locus
NC_004353 REGION:47710..57041
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (36 terms)
Molecular Function (11 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (9 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables cAMP response element binding protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:nej; FB:FBgn0261617
(Han et al., 2015)
contributes_to DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:nej; FB:FBgn0261617
(Chen et al., 2000)
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sen et al., 2010)
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Han et al., 2015)
inferred from direct assay
(Shi et al., 2014, Biehs et al., 2010, Alexandre et al., 1996)
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:nej; FB:FBgn0261617
(Chen et al., 2000, Akimaru et al., 1997)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VG38
(Zhang et al., 2011)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Rbfox1; FB:FBgn0052062
(Usha and Shashidhara, 2010)
inferred from physical interaction with UniProtKB:Q9VFP2
(assigned by UniProt )
(Zhang et al., 2006)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:slmb; FB:FBgn0283468
(Jia et al., 2005)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Su(fu); FB:FBgn0005355
(Han et al., 2015)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:rdx; FB:FBgn0264493
(Zhang et al., 2009)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:cos; FB:FBgn0000352
(Zhou and Kalderon, 2010, Sisson et al., 1997)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Sxl; FB:FBgn0264270
(Horabin et al., 2003)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:hyx; FB:FBgn0037657
(Mosimann et al., 2009)
enables protein homodimerization activity
inferred from direct assay
(Zhang et al., 2009)
enables protein kinase binding
inferred from direct assay
(Li et al., 2015)
enables RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Sen et al., 2010, Kwon et al., 2004, Von Ohlen et al., 1997)
enables sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Aza-Blanc et al., 1997)
enables transcription cis-regulatory region binding
inferred from direct assay
(Usha and Shashidhara, 2010)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA binding
non-traceable author statement
(assigned by UniProt )
(Orenic et al., 1990)
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000456649
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000456649
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
Biological Process (20 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (18 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in compound eye morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kent et al., 2006)
involved_in cuticle pattern formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Croker et al., 2006)
involved_in dendrite morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Iyer et al., 2013)
involved_in genital disc anterior/posterior pattern formation
inferred from expression pattern
(Freeland and Kuhn, 1996)
involved_in heart formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Park et al., 1996)
involved_in labial disc development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Joulia et al., 2005)
involved_in mucosal immune response
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Lee et al., 2015)
involved_in negative regulation of hippo signaling
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:wts; FB:FBgn0011739, FLYBASE:hpo; FB:FBgn0261456
(Li et al., 2015)
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:smo; FB:FBgn0003444
(Smelkinson and Kalderon, 2006)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Methot and Basler, 1999, Alexandre et al., 1996)
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Takashima et al., 2008)
involved_in positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Firth and Baker, 2005)
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Chen et al., 2000, Methot and Basler, 1999, Alexandre et al., 1996)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:nej; FB:FBgn0261617
(Chen et al., 2000)
inferred from direct assay
(Shi et al., 2014, Von Ohlen et al., 1997)
involved_in regulation of cell proliferation involved in compound eye morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Ou et al., 2007)
involved_in regulation of mitotic cell cycle
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zhang and Kalderon, 2001)
involved_in segment polarity determination
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Orenic et al., 1990)
involved_in smoothened signaling pathway
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Han et al., 2015, Smelkinson et al., 2007, Methot and Basler, 2001, Chen et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 1999, Alexandre et al., 1996, Dominguez et al., 1996)
inferred from direct assay
(Han et al., 2019, Oh et al., 2015, Shi et al., 2014, Ranieri et al., 2012, Zhang et al., 2011, Biehs et al., 2010, Zhang et al., 2005, Chen et al., 1999, Methot and Basler, 1999, Aza-Blanc et al., 1997)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:smo; FB:FBgn0003444
(Smelkinson and Kalderon, 2006)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:ptc; FB:FBgn0003892
(Motzny and Holmgren, 1995)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:fu; FB:FBgn0001079
(Shi et al., 2011)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:CkIα; FB:FBgn0015024
(Shi et al., 2014)
inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:hh; FB:FBgn0004644
(Von Ohlen et al., 1997)
inferred from expression pattern
(Forbes et al., 1996)
involved_in spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Merabet et al., 2005)
involved_in wing disc anterior/posterior pattern formation
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Shen and Dahmann, 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000456649
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
involved_in regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
non-traceable author statement
(assigned by UniProt )
(Orenic et al., 1990)
Cellular Component (5 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Han et al., 2015, Ranieri et al., 2012, Zhang et al., 2011, Croker et al., 2006, Sisson et al., 2006, Stegman et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 2000, Wang et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 1999, Aza-Blanc et al., 1997, Forbes et al., 1996, Motzny and Holmgren, 1995)
part_of Hedgehog signaling complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:cos; FB:FBgn0000352, FLYBASE:fu; FB:FBgn0001079
(Robbins et al., 1997)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:cos; FB:FBgn0000352
(Stegman et al., 2000)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:fu; FB:FBgn0001079
(Stegman et al., 2000)
located_in membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Stegman et al., 2004)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Han et al., 2015, Shi et al., 2014, Ranieri et al., 2012, Su et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Usha and Shashidhara, 2010, Croker et al., 2006, Sisson et al., 2006, Stegman et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 2000, Wang et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 1999, Aza-Blanc et al., 1997, Motzny and Holmgren, 1995)
part_of protein-containing complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Su(fu); FB:FBgn0005355
(Monnier et al., 1998)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in nucleus
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000456649
(assigned by GO_Central )
(Gaudet et al., 2011)
located_in nucleus
non-traceable author statement
(assigned by UniProt )
(Orenic et al., 1990)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the GLI C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family. (P19538)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
cubitus interruptus (ci) encodes a Zn-finger family of transcription factor. It contributes to Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway that is involved in pattern formation and growth control. The product of ci undergoes limited proteolysis to be converted into a truncated form that function as a transcription repressor in the absence of the ligand encoded by hh but is converted into a full-length transcription activator in the presence of the product of hh. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
C2H2 ZINC FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -
Zinc finger C2H2 transcription factors are sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. They possess DNA-binding domains that are formed from repeated Cys2His2 zinc finger motifs. (Adapted from PMID:1835093, FBrf0220103 and FBrf0155739).
HEDGEHOG SIGNALING COMPLEX -
The Hedgehog signaling complex (HSC) is involved in hedgehog signaling pathway. In the absence of hh, HSC promotes the proteolytic processing of the transcription factor and HSC component ci to its repressor form. hh activation of the pathway blocks the processing of ci, allowing the accumulation of the full-length activator protein. (Adapted from FBrf0174381.)
Pathway (FlyBase)
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Core Components -
The hedgehog signaling pathway is initiated by hedgehog (hh) ligand binding to the extracellular domain of patched receptor (ptc), leading to the derepression of smoothened (smo) activity. Activation of the atypical GPCR smo results in the accumulation of the transcriptional activator form of cubitus interruptus (ci) and the derepression/activation of hh target genes. In the absence of hh, smo is repressed by ptc and ci is processed to a truncated repressor form. (Adapted from FBrf0220683 and FBrf0231236).
Negative Regulators of Hippo Signaling Pathway -
The Hippo signaling pathway is an intracellular kinase cascade in which hpo kinase in complex with sav, phosphorylates wts kinase which, in turn, phosphorylates yki transcriptional co-activator leading to its cytosolic retention. Negative regulators of the pathway promote the nuclear accumulation of yki, enhancing yki-mediated transcriptional regulation and the expression of genes that positively regulate tissue growth (Adapted from FBrf0224870).
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Has a dual function as a transcriptional activator and a repressor of the hedgehog (Hh) pathway. The full-length ci form (ciFL), acts as an activator (ciA) while ciR, its C-terminally truncated form, acts as a repressor. Involved in segment polarity. Required for the normal development of the posterior half of each embryonic segment. Engrailed protein directly represses ci expression in posterior compartment cells. Essential component of a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required to activate Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, norpA-dependent Ca2+ mobilization and p38 MAPK, which are essential steps in the Duox-dependent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to intestinal bacterial infection (PubMed:25639794).
(UniProt, P19538)
Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)
Ce: Cell
Ocelli reduced or absent; ocellar and scutellar bristles absent; interocellar microchaetae disrupted but frontals normal; postverticals short, thick, often with an adventitious pair between the normally placed postvertical bristles. Wing veins L3 and L4 converge, giving wing phenotype much like fu although wing phenotype variable. Homozygous lethal; lethality occurs during embryonic period (Hochman). Shown to be a segment polarity gene; homozygous embryos exhibit loss of the naked cuticle in the posterior half of each segment plus the anterior margin of the adjacent segment; most dorsal pattern elements also eliminated, leaving a lawn of fine hairs. Engrailed-antibody staining fails to detect a subset of CNS neurons in Ce homozygotes that are normally stained in wild-type embryos (Patel, Schafer, Goodman, and Holmgren, 1989, Genes Dev. 3: 890-904). No maternal requirement of Ce+ for either oogenesis or embryonic phenotype (Orenic, Chidsey, and Holmgrern, 1987, Dev. Biol. 124: 50-56). Lethal phenotype of Ce not complemented by l(4)17 or by induced revertants of the wing phenotype of ciD (Orenic et al.); pupal lethal in combination with ciD [Hochman, 1976, The Genetics and Biology of Drosophila (Ashburner and Novitski, eds.). Academic Press, London, New York, San Francisco, Vol. 1b, pp. 902-28]. RK3.
ci: cubitus interruptus
thumb
ci: cubitus interruptus
Wings showing from no interruption (extreme left) to complete absence (extreme right) of the cubital vein. From Stern and Kodani, 1955, Genetics 40: 343-73.
Vein L4 shows one or more gaps both distal and proximal to posterior crossvein, generally nonterminal. Anterior crossvein shortened or absent. Other gaps and scattered branch veins in region of crossveins. At 19, nearly all flies have a mutant phenotype; at 25, there is slight overlap with wild type; at 30, virtually all flies are wild type. Dosage effect such that ci/0 haplo-4's are more extreme than ci/ci diplo-4's, which are more extreme than ci/ci/ci triplo-4's. Suppressed by su(Hw)2 (Kotarski). For interactions of ci with en, H, ve, and cg, see House (1953, Genetics 38: 199-214, 309-27; 1955, Anat. Record 122: 471; 1959, Genetics, 44: 516; 1961, Genetics, 46: 871). Expression of ci sensitive to genetic background; selection possible for more and less extreme phenotypes (House and Yeatts, 1962, Genetics 47: 960); contribution of chromosome 2 more important than that of 3 (House and Pernaveau, 1971, Genetics 68: s29). Phenotypic effect visible in prepupa by absence of the longer longitudinal vein. RK1 at 19 and higher rank with higher temperatures.
*ci+2: cubitus interruptus-wild-type isoallele
Homozygote wild type at 14 and 26. ci+2/Df(4)M wild type at 26; shows some thinning and interruption of L4 at 14. ci+2/ci wild type at 26; at 14, fewer flies show thinning or interruption of L4 than ci+C/ci. ci+2/ciW shows significantly greater amount of thinning and interruption of L4 than ci+C/ciW. RK3.
ciD: cubitus interruptus-Dominant
Wings show interruptions of L4 in two places: proximal to and distal to anterior crossvein. L5 also shows distal interruption. L3 and L5 thick. Considerable plexus effect and knotting of veins. Wings broader, warped or concave upward, regularly extended, and bent backward. Alula fused with and in same plane as blade of wing. Black dried haemolymph from axillary spiracle. Slight scalloping of inner wing margin, with hairs and tufts. Direction and extent of temperature effects depends on genetic background (Scharloo). In general, no overlapping of wild type. Inviable in combination with Ax/Ax or Ax/Y (House and Lutes, 1975, Genetics 80: 542-43). H/+ inhibits scalloping of ciD but greatly enhances L4 interruption (House, 1959, Genetics 44: 516). Fully dominant in triplo-4's (Sturtevant, 1936, Genetics 21: 448). Two doses of ciD reduce survival of triplo-4 flies (Parker, 1969, Mutat. Res. 7: 393-407). Homozygotes lethal in embryo (Hochman, 1971, Genetics 67: 235-52). Embryonic segment polarity disrupted; anterior portions of segments with their denticle belts duplicated in mirror-image fashion; posterior portions missing; each segment almost entirely covered with denticles (Nusslein-Volhard and Wieschaus, 1980, Nature 287: 795-801). Fine hairs eliminated from dorsal abdominal segments; replaced with clear cuticle and socketed denticles (Orenic, Chidsey, and Holmgren, 1987, Dev. Biol. 124: 50-56). Embryonic CNS relatively normal (Patel, Schafer, Goodman, and Holmgren, 1989, Genes Dev. 3: 890-904). Genotype of oocyte with respect to ciD without effect on phenotype of progeny (Orenic et al.). ciD/l(4)102ABc dies as embryo, ciD/l(4)102ABb as embryo or larva; in ciD/Ce2 death usually delayed until pupal stage (Hochman, 1971). Survival of ci/ciD/Df(4)M101-63a argues for nonallelism or pseudoallelism of ci and ciD (Hochman, 1971). RK1.
ciW: cubitus interruptus of Wallace
Homozygote is extreme ci type. Wings sometimes almost twice normal width, arclike, and virtually lack veins. Often present is a well-organized pattern of venation in which the posterior crossvein flows smoothly into L5. Legs lumpy, sex combs larger than normal, antennae enlarged, eyes smaller, and extra bristles present. Heterozygote shows gap in L4 in 80% of flies. ciW enhanced by H, en, and Cy (House, 1953, Genetics 38: 669-70; 1959, Genetics 44: 516) and by Tp(4;Y) (Benner, 1972, Genetics 71: s4). Temperature effect described by House (1955, Genetics 40: 576). RK2.
Summary (Interactive Fly)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\ci for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.39

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Multiphase exon postulated: exon reading frame differs in alternative transcripts.

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
ci-RA
FBtr0089178
NM_079878
4941
1397
ci-RB
FBtr0306168
NM_001258473
5191
1279
ci-RC
FBtr0308074
NM_001258472
4874
572
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

4.6 (northern blot)

(Orenic et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
ci-PA
FBpp0088245
153.3
1397
7.21
NP_524617
AAF59373
ci-PB
FBpp0297298
140.6
1279
7.24
NP_001245402
AFH06762
ci-PC
FBpp0300417
61.8
572
7.85
NP_001245401
AFH06761
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

None of the polypeptides share 100% sequence identity.

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

155 (kD)

(Aza-Blanc et al., 1997)

1282 (aa)

(Orenic et al., 1990)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with RDX (PubMed:16740475). Interacts with cos (PubMed:9244298, PubMed:15691767). Interacts with slmb; the interaction is enhanced by phosphorylation by CkIalpha and dco (PubMed:16326393).

(UniProt, P19538)
Post Translational Modification

Polyubiquitinated by RDX in the presence of CUL3, which results in proteasomal degradation.

Phosphorylated on multiple sites by protein kinase A (PKA) and phosphorylation by PKA primes further phosphorylation by CK1 and GSK3. Phosphorylation is essential for its proteolytic processing. cos recruits multiple kinases to promote efficient phosphorylation of ci while Hh signaling inhibits phosphorylation by restricting the accessibility of ci to the kinases (PubMed:15691767). Phosphorylation by CkIalpha and dco enhances binding to Slmb, the F-box recognition component of the SCF(slmb) E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase required for ci processing (PubMed:16326393).

Transcriptional repressor ciR, a C-terminally truncated form, is generated from the full-length ci (ciFL/ci-155) through proteolytic processing. Hh suppresses the formation of ci75 and promotes the conversion of ci155 into a transcriptional activator (ci155A).

(UniProt, P19538)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\ci using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
No Assay Recorded
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ectoderm
(Orenic et al., 1990)
presumptive embryonic/larval central nervous system
(Eaton and Kornberg, 1990)
embryonic/larval foregut
(Orenic et al., 1990)
embryonic stage 5
organism | ubiquitous
(Orenic et al., 1990)
larval stage
imaginal disc | anterior
(Eaton and Kornberg, 1990)
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
mesectoderm
(Eaton and Kornberg, 1990)
organism | segment polarity expression pattern
(Eaton and Kornberg, 1990)
embryonic/larval hindgut
(Orenic et al., 1990)
mesoderm
(Orenic et al., 1990)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
central brain anlage in statu nascendi
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm anlage

Comment: anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage in statu nascendi

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage in statu nascendi

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 5

Comment: expressed in three broad stripes

(Schwartz et al., 1995)
gastrula stage
(Orenic et al., 1990)
embryonic stage 7
segment
(Schweizer and Basler, 1998)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
antennal anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
extended germ band stage
ectoderm | striped
(Orenic et al., 1990)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as dorsal epidermis anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | segmentally repeated
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 12
midline primordium
(Kearney et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 10 -- 11
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
dorsal epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as head epidermis primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | segmentally repeated
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral epidermis primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
embryonic dorsal epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic head epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic ventral epidermis
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | segmentally repeated
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic optic lobe primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
third instar larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Chanas et al., 2004)
RT-PCR
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval fat body
(Suh et al., 2006)
Additional Descriptive Data

Expression of ci in the wing disc does not overlaps that of en.

(Chanas et al., 2004)

The ci transcript is expressed in the anterior compartment of each segment during embryogenesis.

(Schweizer and Basler, 1998)

In wghs.PN embryos, after heat shock, ci transcripts become restricted to those cells that are outside the expanded en domain and coincide with the ptc stripe. This is a similar expression pattern to that found in nkd mutant embryos.

(Noordermeer et al., 1992)

ci is expressed ubiquitously in early embryos. Expression later resolves into 15 stripes encompassing the anterior compartment of each segment. ci is also expressed in the anterior compartments of imaginal discs. In engrailed mutants, ci expression is derepressed in the posterior compartments, suggesting that ci expression is normally repressed by en in these cells.

(Eaton and Kornberg, 1990)

ci is uniformly expressed throughout the cellular blastoderm and at gastrulation. At germband extension, expression resolves into 15 broad stripes that encompass the anterior 3/4 of each segment. ci transcripts are also found in the hindgut and foregut. Expression peaks at 5-8hrs of embryonic development.

(Orenic et al., 1990)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
distribution deduced from reporter
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
third instar larval stage
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc | anterior to
(Seong et al., 2010)
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 8
organism | ubiquitous
(Chanas et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 11
organism | segmentally repeated
(Chanas et al., 2004)
larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Bajpai et al., 2004)
third instar larval stage
male genital disc | restricted
(Freeland and Kuhn, 1996)
female genital disc | restricted
(Freeland and Kuhn, 1996)
morphogenetic furrow
(Atkins et al., 2013, Fu and Baker, 2003)
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc
• cytoplasm
(Aza-Blanc et al., 1997)
wing disc anterior compartment
• cytoplasm
(Aza-Blanc et al., 1997)
wing disc anterior compartment
(Slaninova et al., 2016, Gao et al., 2013, Casso et al., 2011, Makhijani et al., 2007, Strutt et al., 2004)
haltere disc anterior compartment
(Makhijani et al., 2007)
wandering third instar larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Bornemann et al., 2004)
anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc
(Bornemann et al., 2004)
prepupal stage P3 -- P4
wing disc anterior compartment
(Casso et al., 2011)
immunoprecipitation
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 11
visual primordium | restricted
(Biehs et al., 2010)
tracheal pit
(Biehs et al., 2010)
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
day 5 of adulthood & male -- day 7 of adulthood & male
spermatozoon
(Wasbrough et al., 2010)
Additional Descriptive Data

Strong ci protein accumulation is observed at the morphogenetic furrow.

(Atkins et al., 2013)

ci is specifically expressed in all cells of the anterior compartment and is most abundant in a band of four to seven cells that are one to two cells from the anterior side of the AP border.

(Casso et al., 2011)

ci protein is present in both the posterior optic lobe and adjacent anterior optic lobe cells in mid stage 11 embryos. It is also expressed broadly in tracheal pits.

(Biehs et al., 2010)

Full length ci levels are low in 2-4 cells anterior to the A/P boundary and high in a more anterior regions. This is an inverse pattern to the rdx distribution.

(Seong et al., 2010)

ci protein is expressed at similar levels in wing and haltere discs.

(Makhijani et al., 2007)

ci protein is localized to the anterior compartment of the wing disc.

(Bajpai et al., 2004)

Immunoreactivity to ci protein detected throughout the anterior compartment of the wing disc, and is most pronounced along the anterior/posterior compartment boundary

(Bornemann et al., 2004)

The segmentally repeated expression of ci protein does not overlap the expression of en protein.

(Chanas et al., 2004)

The full length ci protein is detected primarily near the anterior/posterior compartment boundary in the anterior compartment, with lower levels detected elsewhere as determined by an antibody that is specific for the full length protein. Cellular fractionation indicates that full length ci protein is cytoplasmic.

(Aza-Blanc et al., 1997)
Marker for
 
wing disc anterior compartment
(Bajpai et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004)
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in cytosol
inferred from direct assay
(Han et al., 2015, Ranieri et al., 2012, Zhang et al., 2011, Croker et al., 2006, Sisson et al., 2006, Stegman et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 2000, Wang et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 1999, Aza-Blanc et al., 1997, Forbes et al., 1996, Motzny and Holmgren, 1995)
part_of Hedgehog signaling complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:cos; FB:FBgn0000352, FLYBASE:fu; FB:FBgn0001079
(Robbins et al., 1997)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:cos; FB:FBgn0000352
(Stegman et al., 2000)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:fu; FB:FBgn0001079
(Stegman et al., 2000)
located_in membrane
inferred from direct assay
(Stegman et al., 2004)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Han et al., 2015, Shi et al., 2014, Ranieri et al., 2012, Su et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Usha and Shashidhara, 2010, Croker et al., 2006, Sisson et al., 2006, Stegman et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 2000, Wang et al., 2000, Wang and Holmgren, 1999, Aza-Blanc et al., 1997, Motzny and Holmgren, 1995)
part_of protein-containing complex
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Su(fu); FB:FBgn0005355
(Monnier et al., 1998)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
Reporter: P{1.2prx-ci}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{1.3dis+1.2prx-ci}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
extended germ band stage
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
larval stage
imaginal disc
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{1.4dis+1.2prx-ci}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
extended germ band stage
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{1.6dis-ci57g+HS}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
extended germ band stage
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
larval stage
imaginal disc
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{2.2dis+1.2prx-ci}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
extended germ band stage
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{2.2dis-ci+HS}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
extended germ band stage
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{3.7dis+1.2prx-ci}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
extended germ band stage
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{7.1-ci}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 5

Comment: expressed in two broad stripes

(Schwartz et al., 1995)
extended germ band stage
organism | segmentally repeated
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
embryonic stage 10 -- 11
ventral midline of embryo
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Schwartz et al., 1995)
Reporter: P{ci-GAL4.C}
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 10 -- 14
organism | ubiquitous
(Croker et al., 2006)
embryonic stage 15 -- 16
embryonic segment anterior compartment
(Croker et al., 2006)
second instar larval stage -- third instar larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Martin and Morata, 2006)
wandering third instar larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Croker et al., 2006)
leg disc anterior compartment
(Croker et al., 2006)
Reporter: P{lacW}Dplac
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
larval stage
imaginal disc | posterior
(Eaton and Kornberg, 1990)
embryonic stage
organism | segment polarity expression pattern
(Eaton and Kornberg, 1990)
larval stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Blair, 1992)
pupal stage
wing disc anterior compartment
(Blair, 1992)
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\ci in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 41 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 165 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of ci
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of ci
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 20 )
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal, with Scer\GAL430A
lethal, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
lethal, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
lethal, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1
lethal, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
lethal | recessive
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with ci94)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with ciD)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage (with cin)
lethal - all die during embryonic stage
lethal - all die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
lethal - all die during embryonic stage | recessive
partially lethal, with Scer\GAL471B
partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4e22c
partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1
partially lethal, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
viable
viable, with Scer\GAL471B
viable, with Scer\GAL4e22c
viable, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
viable, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1
viable, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
sterile, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC, ci94
sterile, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC, ciUAS.cHb
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell cycle | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4C587
abnormal cell migration | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
abnormal immune response, with Scer\GAL4NP0001
abnormal mitotic cell cycle | cell autonomous | somatic clone
abnormal mitotic cell cycle | somatic clone
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4221
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4neur-GAL4-A101
abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4ppk.1.9
decreased cell number, with Scer\GAL4C587
decreased cell number | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PP
decreased occurrence of cell division | larval stage | somatic clone
increased cell number, with Scer\GAL4C587
increased cell number | oogenesis | oogenesis
increased occurrence of cell division | larval stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
increased occurrence of cell division | oogenesis
neoplasia | adult stage | female, with Scer\GAL4C587
neoplasia | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
segment polarity phenotype
short lived, with Scer\GAL4NP0001
some die during embryonic stage
some die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4e22c
some die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
some die during embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
some die during embryonic stage | recessive
some die during pupal stage (with ci94)
some die during pupal stage (with ciD)
some die during pupal stage (with cin)
visible
visible, with Scer\GAL4bs-1348
visible, with Scer\GAL4c591
visible, with Scer\GAL4C-765
visible, with Scer\GAL4cad-em459
visible, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
visible, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible, with Scer\GAL4nub-AC-62
visible, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
visible | cold sensitive
visible | dominant
visible | dominant | cold sensitive
visible | homeotic, with Scer\GAL4ey.PB
visible | recessive
visible | recessive | somatic clone
visible | somatic clone
visible | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.CoinFLP-FRT
visible | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Tub.PU
wild-type
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
1st posterior cell, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
abdominal anterior ventral multidendritic neuron vdaa, with Scer\GAL4ppk.1.9
adult hindgut, with Scer\GAL4cad-em459
alula
antenna
antenna | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4ey.PB
anterior crossvein, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
Bolwig organ
Bolwig organ, with Scer\GAL4da.G32
cercus, with Scer\GAL4cad-em459
cystoblast, with Scer\GAL4C587
denticle, with Scer\GAL469B
denticle | ectopic
denticle belt
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC, ci94
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC, ciUAS.Tag:NLS(SV40-largeT)
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, ci76.UAS
denticle belt, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, ci94
denticle belt (with ci94), with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
denticle belt (with ciUAS.Tag:NLS(SV40-largeT)), with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
denticle belt | increased number
denticle belt | increased number, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC, ci94
denticle belt | increased number, with Scer\GAL4ci.PC, ciΔZ2.UAS.Tag:MYC
denticle belt | increased number (with ci94), with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
denticle belt | increased number (with ciΔZ2.UAS.Tag:MYC), with Scer\GAL4ci.PC
denticle row 1
denticle row 2
denticle row 2 | ectopic
denticle row 3
denticle row 3 | ectopic
denticle row 4
denticle row 4 | ectopic
denticle row 5
denticle row 6
dorsal branch primordium, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS
egg chamber | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
embryo
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL469B
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, ci76.UAS
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1, ci94
embryonic/first instar larval cuticle | ventral
embryonic/larval dorsal branch, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS
embryonic/larval dorsal vessel
embryonic epidermis
embryonic epidermis, with Scer\GAL469B
embryonic epidermis, with Scer\GAL4prd.RG1
eye, with Scer\GAL4ey.PB
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
eye | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.CoinFLP-FRT
eye disc | cell autonomous | somatic clone
eye disc | somatic clone
female fusome, with Scer\GAL4C587
female germline cyst, with Scer\GAL4C587
filzkorper, with Scer\GAL4ems.HRE
follicle stem cell | somatic clone
follicle stem cell | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
germarium, with Scer\GAL4C587
germarium | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
glial cell & eye disc | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
head capsule | dorsal, with Scer\GAL4c591
interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4lz-gal4
keyhole structure
lamina, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PP
lamina & neuron | precursor, with Scer\GAL4αTub84B.PP
larval abdominal segment, with Scer\GAL469B
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaC, with Scer\GAL4ppk.1.9
larval dorsal multidendritic neuron ddaD, with Scer\GAL4221
larval thoracic segment, with Scer\GAL469B
larval ventral multidendritic neuron vdaB, with Scer\GAL4neur-GAL4-A101
larval ventral multidendritic neuron vdaB, with Scer\GAL4ppk.1.9
leg, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
leg (with ciD)
leg (with ciW)
mesothoracic tarsal bristle longitudinal row 1
morphogenetic furrow | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
morphogenetic furrow | ventral, with Scer\GAL4fng-B
ocellar bristle
ocellus
ocellus, with Scer\GAL4c591
ocellus | somatic clone
ommatidial precursor cluster
ommatidial precursor cluster, with Scer\GAL4lz-gal4
ommatidium | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Tub.PU
postvertical bristle
prothoracic ventral denticle belt
pseudotrachea, with Scer\GAL4pb.PJ
retina, with Scer\GAL4lz-gal4
ring canal, with Scer\GAL4C587
scutellar bristle
sensory mother cell, with Scer\GAL4MD-638
sensory mother cell | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4MD-638
spectrosome, with Scer\GAL4C587
S phase | ectopic, with Scer\GAL4bbg-C96
S phase | ectopic | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
stalk follicle cell | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
stalk follicle cell | somatic clone | increased number, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
stigmatophore, with Scer\GAL4salm-459.2
thorax, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
tracheal tip cell | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4btl.PS
trichome of the posterior wing margin
ventral thoracic disc (with ci94)
ventral thoracic disc (with cin)
wing
wing, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing | anterior | somatic clone
wing | distal, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing | ectopic | somatic clone
wing | proximal, with Scer\GAL430A
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4C-765
wing blade, with Scer\GAL4nub-AC-62
wing blade anterior compartment
wing blade posterior compartment
wing disc, with Scer\GAL471B
wing disc, with Scer\GAL4bbg-C96
wing disc, with Scer\GAL4Bx-MS1096
wing disc, with Scer\GAL4dpp.blk1
wing disc (with ci94)
wing disc (with cin)
wing disc | anterior | somatic clone
wing disc | anterior | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
wing disc | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
wing disc anterior compartment
wing disc anterior compartment, with Scer\GAL471B
wing disc anterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4MD-638
wing disc anterior compartment | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act5C.PP
wing disc anterior compartment | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4hh-Gal4
wing disc posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL471B
wing disc posterior compartment, with Scer\GAL4MD-638
wing margin | posterior
wing margin bristle
wing margin bristle, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing vein
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4bs-1348
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4en-e16E
wing vein, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing vein | cold sensitive
wing vein | ectopic
wing vein L2 | somatic clone
wing vein L3
wing vein L3, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing vein L3 | somatic clone
wing vein L4
wing vein L4, with Scer\GAL4ptc-559.1
wing vein L4 & sensillum campaniformium | ectopic | somatic clone
wing vein L4 & wing sensillum | ectopic | somatic clone
wing vein L4 | cold sensitive
wing vein L4 | somatic clone
wing vein L5
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (9)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\GLI3
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
 
3  
Hsap\GLI2
10 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\GLI1
8 of 15
No
Yes
9  
Hsap\GLIS1
2 of 15
No
No
1  
Hsap\GLIS3
2 of 15
No
No
Hsap\ZP2
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZXDA
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZXDB
1 of 15
No
Yes
Hsap\ZXDC
1 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (8)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Gli3
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Gli2
9 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Gli1
8 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Glis3
2 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Glis1
1 of 15
No
No
Mmus\Zp2
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zxdb
1 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Zxdc
1 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (6)
Rnor\Gli2
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Gli3
7 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Gli1
6 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Glis1
1 of 13
No
No
Rnor\Glis3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Zxdc
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)
Xtro\gli2
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\gli3
6 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\gli1
4 of 12
No
Yes
Xtro\glis3
1 of 12
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (6)
Drer\gli2a
6 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\gli2b
6 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\gli3
6 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\gli1
4 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\glis3
2 of 15
No
No
Drer\LOC100333406
1 of 15
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (3)
Cele\tra-1
5 of 15
Yes
Yes
Cele\klu-1
1 of 15
No
No
Cele\ztf-14
1 of 15
No
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
Atha\ELF6
1 of 9
Yes
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)
Scer\AZF1
1 of 15
Yes
No
Scer\MIG2
1 of 15
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\iec1
1 of 12
Yes
No
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091900PB )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00007143
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\ci
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM23237
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG16466
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\ci
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF19046
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA27838
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL18388
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK13666
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ14655
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI14119
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH23992
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091500PV )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17015442
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY000155
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_04195
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes011208
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL012039
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC002075
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP004637
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ000614
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W0100 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA004545
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS216199-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL016327
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\3233869492
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\GB54885
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP15014
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15216122
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH17564
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:00120e
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG009158
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_04546
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\ci
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM413310
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC007162
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC005057
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI45156
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_05756
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X00Y7 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR013860
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR000916
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW005491
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW005490
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM56872.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM56873.1
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM60559.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur16g01640
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_346973
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G01XS )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-GliA
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000012018
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GLI2
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\ENSGALG00000014639
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\GLI3
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (3)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
orthoMCL
Panther
RoundUp
Alignment
lmd
2 of 10
opa
1 of 10
sug
1 of 10
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Model Summary Ribbon
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
cidsRNA.UAS.cUa
model of  primary bacterial infectious disease
CEA
(Lee et al., 2015)
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 5 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 3 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
ci5m.UAS
exacerbates  cancer
modeled by HipkUAS.Tag:HA
(Blaquiere et al., 2018)
ci76.UAS
DOES NOT ameliorate  cancer
modeled by HipkUAS.Tag:HA
(Blaquiere et al., 2018)
cidsRNA.UAS.cUa
ameliorates  atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor
modeled by Snr1VDRC.cUa
(Jeibmann et al., 2014)
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
GLI3; GLI family zinc finger 3
11 of 15
165240
 
GLI2; GLI family zinc finger 2
10 of 15
165230
GLI1; GLI family zinc finger 1
8 of 15
165220
     
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Dmel gene
    Ortholog showing functional complementation
    Supporting References
    ci
    Hsap\GLI3
    (von Mering and Basler, 1999)
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
    Select Layout:
    Legend:
    Protein
    RNA
    Selected Interactor(s)
    Interactions Browser
    View in Interactions Browser
    Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
    protein-protein
    Physical Interaction
    Assay
    References
    ci
    fluorescent resonance energy transfer, fluorescence microscopy, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Zhang et al., 2009)
    ci - Ada2b
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
    (Weake et al., 2011)
    ci - CkIα
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Shi et al., 2011)
    ci - Cul1
    pull down, anti tag western blot, enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting
    (Zhang et al., 2013, Smelkinson et al., 2007)
    ci - Cul3
    enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting
    (Zhang et al., 2013)
    ci - Gug
    two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down
    (Zhang et al., 2013)
    ci - HDAC1
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Zhang et al., 2013)
    ci - Kap-α3
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid
    (Seong et al., 2010)
    ci - Npl4
    pull down, western blot
    (Zhang et al., 2013)
    ci - Pka-C1
    bimolecular fluorescence complementation, fluorescence microscopy, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Ranieri et al., 2014)
    ci - Rack1
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Li et al., 2020)
    ci - Rbfox1
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, pull down, anti tag western blot
    (Usha and Shashidhara, 2010)
    ci - SkpA
    pull down, anti tag western blot
    (Smelkinson et al., 2007)
    ci - Stat92E
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Liu et al., 2015)
    ci - Su(fu)
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, molecular sieving, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, pull down, autoradiography, anti tag western blot, fluorescent resonance energy transfer, two hybrid, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, fluorescence microscopy
    (Han et al., 2019, Han et al., 2015, Oh et al., 2015, Zhou et al., 2015, Shi et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2013, Shi et al., 2011, Farzan et al., 2009, Zhang et al., 2006, Paces-Fessy et al., 2004, Wang and Jiang, 2004, Lum et al., 2003, Methot and Basler, 2000, Stegman et al., 2000, Monnier et al., 1998, Paumard-Rigal et al., 1998)
    ci - Sxl
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Walthall et al., 2007, Horabin et al., 2003)
    ci - Tnpo
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down
    (Han et al., 2019, Shi et al., 2014)
    ci - Usp7
    pull down, anti tag western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation
    (Sun et al., 2019, Zhou et al., 2015)
    ci - bur
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Zhou et al., 2015)
    ci - cos
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, pull down, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, molecular sieving, peptide massfingerprinting
    (Li et al., 2020, Oh et al., 2015, Zhou et al., 2015, Ranieri et al., 2012, Shi et al., 2011, Zhou and Kalderon, 2010, Farzan et al., 2009, Ruel et al., 2007, Stegman et al., 2004, Wang and Jiang, 2004, Lum et al., 2003, Ruel et al., 2003, Monnier et al., 2002, Stegman et al., 2000, Wang et al., 2000, Robbins et al., 1997, Sisson et al., 1997)
    ci - croc
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Tu et al., 2020)
    ci - dbr
    two hybrid, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, autoradiography, pull down, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Dai et al., 2003)
    ci - dco
    enzymatic study, autoradiography, interologs mapping, inferred by curator
    (Shi et al., 2014)
    ci - eff
    enzymatic study, western blot
    (Pan et al., 2017)
    ci - fu
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, molecular sieving, enzymatic study, two hybrid, protein three hybrid
    (Han et al., 2019, Farzan et al., 2009, Paces-Fessy et al., 2004, Stegman et al., 2004, Wang and Jiang, 2004, Horabin et al., 2003, Stegman et al., 2000, Monnier et al., 1998, Robbins et al., 1997)
    ci - hpo
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci - hyd
    coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Moncrieff et al., 2015)
    ci - hyx
    pull down, autoradiography
    (Mosimann et al., 2009)
    ci - kto
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Mao et al., 2014)
    ci - mts
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Su et al., 2011)
    ci - nej
    two hybrid, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, lambda phage display
    (Han et al., 2019, Han et al., 2015, Chen et al., 2000, Akimaru et al., 1997)
    ci - ptc
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Walthall et al., 2007)
    ci - rdx
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, two hybrid, pull down, enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting, western blot
    (Han et al., 2019, Zhou et al., 2015, Liu et al., 2014, Shi et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2013, Seong et al., 2010, Zhang et al., 2009, Kent et al., 2006, Zhang et al., 2006)
    ci - sgg
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Shi et al., 2011)
    ci - skd
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Mao et al., 2014)
    ci - slmb
    pull down, autoradiography, anti tag western blot, enzymatic study, peptide massfingerprinting
    (Zhang et al., 2013, Smelkinson et al., 2007, Smelkinson and Kalderon, 2006, Jia et al., 2005, Dai et al., 2003)
    ci - smo
    anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting
    (Walthall et al., 2007, Lum et al., 2003, Ruel et al., 2003)
    ci - sqh
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry
    (Liu et al., 2015)
    ci - tws
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot
    (Su et al., 2011)
    ci - yki
    anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
    (Li et al., 2015)
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    esyN Network Diagram
    esyN Network Key:
    Suppression
    Enhancement
    View in Interactions Browser
    Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    ci
    suppressible
    arm
    (Angelats et al., 2002)
    ci
    suppressible
    Cad99C
    (Lee et al., 2015)
    ci
    enhanceable
    cg
    (Campbell and Tomlinson, 2000, Svendsen et al., 2000, House, 1953)
    ci
    suppressible
    dap
    (Duman-Scheel et al., 2002)
    ci
    suppressible
    dome
    (Liu et al., 2015)
    ci
    suppressible
    dpp
    (Liu et al., 2015)
    ci
    enhanceable
    Egfr
    (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990)
    ci
    enhanceable
    en
    (Locke and Hanna, 1996, Locke and Hanna, 1995)
    ci
    suppressible
    hh
    (Suzuki and Saigo, 2000)
    ci
    suppressible
    hpo
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    enhanceable
    hpo
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    suppressible
    hyx
    (Mosimann et al., 2009)
    ci
    enhanceable
    kn
    (Vervoort et al., 1999)
    ci
    suppressible
    nej
    (Florence and McGinnis, 1998, Akimaru et al., 1997)
    ci
    enhanceable
    nej
    (Florence and McGinnis, 1998)
    ci
    enhanceable
    pb
    (Joulia et al., 2005)
    ci
    suppressible
    pb
    (Joulia et al., 2005)
    ci
    enhanceable
    ph-p
    (Randsholt et al., 2000)
    ci
    enhanceable
    Psc
    (Randsholt et al., 2000)
    ci
    enhanceable
    rdx
    (Zhang et al., 2006)
    ci
    suppressible
    sd
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    suppressible
    Stat92E
    (Liu et al., 2015)
    ci
    suppressible
    Su(hh)II
    (Haines and van Den Heuvel, 2000)
    ci
    suppressible
    Su(hh)III
    (Haines and van Den Heuvel, 2000)
    ci
    suppressible
    Su(hh)IV
    (Haines and van Den Heuvel, 2000)
    ci
    suppressible
    su(Hw)
    (Lindsley and Grell, 1968)
    ci
    suppressible
    Tgi
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    suppressible
    tsh
    (Angelats et al., 2002)
    ci
    suppressible
    vg
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    enhanceable
    wg
    (Angelats et al., 2002)
    ci|hpo
    suppressible
    wts
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    suppressible
    wts
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    enhanceable
    wts
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci
    suppressible
    yki
    (Li et al., 2015)
    ci|hpo
    suppressible
    yki
    (Li et al., 2015)
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Antp
    enhanceable
    ci
    (Prince et al., 2008)
    arm
    suppressible
    ci
    (Cavallo et al., 1998)
    arm
    enhanceable
    ci
    (Angelats et al., 2002)
    ato
    suppressible
    ci
    (White and Jarman, 2000)
    bi
    suppressible
    ci
    (Shen and Dahmann, 2005)
    boi
    suppressible
    ci
    (Hartman et al., 2010)
    cg
    suppressible
    ci
    (Campbell and Tomlinson, 2000, Svendsen et al., 2000)
    cos
    suppressible
    ci
    (Christiansen et al., 2012)
    Dl
    enhanceable
    ci
    (Da Ros et al., 2013)
    Dl|mir-7
    suppressible
    ci
    (Da Ros et al., 2013)
    Egfr
    enhanceable
    ci
    (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990)
    ey
    enhanceable
    ci
    (Kango-Singh et al., 2003)
    fu
    suppressible
    ci
    (Besse et al., 2002, Alves et al., 1998)
    hh
    suppressible
    ci
    (Gallet et al., 2000, Chen et al., 1999)
    Hipk
    suppressible
    ci
    (Blaquiere et al., 2018)
    Hipk
    enhanceable
    ci
    (Blaquiere et al., 2018)
    Pka-C1
    suppressible
    ci
    (Kiger and O'Shea, 2001)
    ptc
    suppressible
    ci
    (Methot and Basler, 2001)
    ptc
    enhanceable
    ci
    (Sanchez-Herrero et al., 1996, Johnson et al., 1995)
    smo
    suppressible
    ci
    (Fu and Baker, 2003)
    Snr1
    suppressible
    ci
    (Jeibmann et al., 2014)
    Su(H)
    suppressible
    ci
    (Fu and Baker, 2003)
    TkR99D
    suppressible
    ci
    (Im et al., 2015)
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Interacts with RDX (PubMed:16740475). Interacts with cos (PubMed:9244298, PubMed:15691767). Interacts with slmb; the interaction is enhanced by phosphorylation by CkIalpha and dco (PubMed:16326393).
    (UniProt, P19538 )
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Hedgehog Signaling Pathway Core Components -
    The hedgehog signaling pathway is initiated by hedgehog (hh) ligand binding to the extracellular domain of patched receptor (ptc), leading to the derepression of smoothened (smo) activity. Activation of the atypical GPCR smo results in the accumulation of the transcriptional activator form of cubitus interruptus (ci) and the derepression/activation of hh target genes. In the absence of hh, smo is repressed by ptc and ci is processed to a truncated repressor form. (Adapted from FBrf0220683 and FBrf0231236).
    Negative Regulators of Hippo Signaling Pathway -
    The Hippo signaling pathway is an intracellular kinase cascade in which hpo kinase in complex with sav, phosphorylates wts kinase which, in turn, phosphorylates yki transcriptional co-activator leading to its cytosolic retention. Negative regulators of the pathway promote the nuclear accumulation of yki, enhancing yki-mediated transcriptional regulation and the expression of genes that positively regulate tissue growth (Adapted from FBrf0224870).
    Metabolic Pathways
    External Data
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    4
    Recombination map
    4-0
    Cytogenetic map
    102A1-102A3
    Sequence location
    4:47,710..57,041 [-]
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    102A1-102A3
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{SUPor-P}KG01127&PBac{5HPw+}A173 and PBac{5HPw+}A437
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    101F2-102A5
    (Schwartz, 1995.2.21)
    101F-101F
    (determined by in situ hybridisation)
    (Eaton and Kornberg, 1990, Orenic et al., 1990)
    102A3-102A3
    (Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    4-0

    (FlyBase, 2016, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987, Mickey, 1952)

    4-

    (Green, 1952)

    4-0.0

    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (167)
    Genomic Clones (7)
     

    Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

    cDNA Clones (103)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

    For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

    cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
    RNAi and Array Information
    Linkouts
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    Antibody Information
    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
     

    monoclonal

    (Han et al., 2019)

    monoclonal antibody

    (Bajpai et al., 2004, Chanas et al., 2004)

    polyclonal antibody

    (Bornemann et al., 2004, Strutt et al., 2004)
    Commercially Available Antibodies
     
    Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
    Other Information
    Relationship to Other Genes
    Source for database identify of

    Source for identity of: ci CG2125

    (Milshina, 1999.11)
    Source for database merge of
    Additional comments
    Other Comments

    The stability of endogenous ci protein is regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and not lysosome-mediated protein degradation.

    (Du et al., 2011)

    The 'N-terminal Regulatory' (NR) domain of the ci protein is necessary for cytoplasmic retention of ci. The domain containing the first two zinc-fingers is necessary for processing of the ci protein into its repressor form.

    (Croker et al., 2006)

    dsRNA has been made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene. RNAi of ci causes a loss of dorsal class I da neurons without affecting the ventral class I neuron vpda and an overall reduction of dorsal md neurons. ci RNAi causes embryonic lethality at high concentrations of dsRNA. RNAi also causes defects in muscle, defects in the epidermis, alterations in the number of MD neurons and defects in dendrite morphogenesis.

    (Parrish et al., 2006)

    ci enters the nucleus in response to hh signaling.

    (Sisson et al., 2006)

    Processing of ci-155 to the repressor ci-75 is mediated by direct binding to slmb.

    (Smelkinson and Kalderon, 2006)

    Cell culture experiments show that ci acts downstream of smo.

    (Yao et al., 2006)

    ChEST reveals this is a target of Mef2.

    (Junion et al., 2005)

    One of 42 Drosophila genes identified as being most likely to reveal molecular and cellular mechanisms of nervous system development or plasticity relevant to human Mental Retardation disorders.

    (Inlow and Restifo, 2004)

    dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

    (Kiger et al., 2003)

    ci, tsh and arm may act as a complex.

    (Angelats et al., 2002)

    Different combinations of the proteins ci, tsh and arm appear to be employed for the specification of naked cuticle at distinct positions both along the anterior posterior axis and within individual trunk segments.

    (Angelats et al., 2002)

    The analysis of target gene expression and morphogenetic read-outs of hh in embryonic, larval and adult stages indicates that ci is absolutely required for all examined aspects of hh outputs.

    (Methot and Basler, 2001)

    nej function is necessary for ci-mediated transactivation of wg during embryogenesis.

    (Chen et al., 2000)

    cg is required for the correct regulation of ci in limb development.

    (Svendsen et al., 2000)

    ci mediated activation of vn expression by hh requires the C terminus region of the ci protein.

    (Amin et al., 1999)

    Proteolysis of ci requires phosphorylation by PKA.

    (Price and Kalderon, 1999)

    The hh signalling components smo and ci are required in cells posterior to hh to maintain ptc expression, whereas fu is not necessary in these cells.

    (Therond et al., 1999)

    There are three levels of apparent ci activity in the wing disc, corresponding to three zones along the antero-posterior axis with different sets of gene expression and different levels of hh signaling.

    (Wang and Holmgren, 1999)

    PKA inhibits the activity of full-length ci protein in addition to its role in regulating ci proteolysis.

    (Wang et al., 1999)

    ci null alleles are partially functionally complemented by Hsap\GLI, which rescues viability to late third instar, but produces larvae with grossly enlarged wing discs. ci null alleles are also partially functionally complemented by a combination of Hsap\GLI and Hsap\GLI3, rescuing to pupal or late third instar larvae and producing wild-type wing discs.

    (von Mering and Basler, 1999)

    Modulation of the hh signaling pathway by Rnor\KAPA occurs directly at the level of ci phosphorylation.

    (Chen et al., 1998)

    Using the yeast two-hybrid method and an in vitro binding assay it is demonstrated that Su(fu), ci and fu can interact directly to form a trimolecular complex, with Su(fu) binding to both its partners simultaneously. In the absence of hh signalling results propose that Su(fu) inhibits ci by binding to it and that, upon reception of the hh signal, fu is activated and counteracts Su(fu), leading to the activation of ci.

    (Monnier et al., 1998)

    CrebA ci double mutant phenotype confirms that CrebA is not involved in segment polarity.

    (Andrew et al., 1997)

    Characterisation of ci protein reveals it exists in at least two forms, one full-length and the other truncated, these forms differ in activity and subcellular location. The N-terminal domain has nuclear localisation and DNA binding activities that are impotent in the full-length protein. Processing of the full length protein is inhibited by hh, an observation that represents the first direct evidence that ci transduces the hh signal.

    (Aza-Blanc et al., 1997)

    Each primordia of the genital disc (female genital, male genital and anal primordia) is divided into anterior and posterior compartments. Genes known to be expressed in compartment-specific manner in discs are expressed in analogous patterns in each primordia.

    (Chen and Baker, 1997)

    Genetic combinations with mutants of nub cause additive phenotypes.

    (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997)

    ci forms a negative feedback loop with ptc and regulates expression of hh target genes.

    (Hepker et al., 1997)

    hh elicits signal transduction via a complex that includes the products of the fu, ci and cos genes. The complex binds with high affinity to microtubules in the absence of hh protein, but not when hh is present. The complex may facilitate signalling from hh by governing access of the ci product to the nucleus.

    (Robbins et al., 1997)

    The ci protein associates with the cos product in a large protein complex, suggesting that cos directly controls the activity of ci.

    (Sisson et al., 1997)

    The pattern of expression of ci in the larval and adult abdomen has been analysed.

    (Struhl et al., 1997)

    hh and ptc can regulate transcription from a wg enhancer element containing ci protein binding sites by modulating the activity of ci protein.

    (Von Ohlen and Hooper, 1997)

    ci encodes a sequence-specific DNA binding protein that functions as a transcriptional activator in the hh signal transduction pathway.

    (Von Ohlen et al., 1997)

    Elevated levels of ci are sufficient to activate hh target genes, even in the absence of hh activity. Results strongly support a role for ci as the transcriptional activator that mediates hh signaling.

    (Alexandre et al., 1996)

    Cells in anterior compartments lacking ci express hh and adopt a posterior fate without expressing en. Increased levels of ci can induce the expression of dpp independent of hh. Expression of ci in anterior cells controls limb development by restricting hh secretion to posterior cells and by conferring competence to respond to hh by mediating transduction of the hh signal.

    (Dominguez et al., 1996)

    ptc and ci are expressed in a pattern complementary to hh and en in adult ovaries. hh directly effects region 2 somatic cells of the germarium via a signalling pathway which includes ptc and ci, but not wg or dpp.

    (Forbes et al., 1996)

    The expression pattern of a number of genes in the larval genital discs, including ci, has been studied to determine the segment-parasegment organisation of the genital discs.

    (Freeland and Kuhn, 1996)

    ara-caup expression at patches on the wing, located one at each side of the DV compartment border, is mediated by the hh signal through its induction of high levels of ci protein in anterior cells near to the AP compartment border. High levels of ci activate dpp expression and together ci and dpp positively control ara-caup expression.

    (Gomez-Skarmeta and Modolell, 1996)

    Elevated en levels repress dpp, ptc and ci expression but do not disrupt eye morphogenesis.

    (Strutt and Mlodzik, 1996)

    en+ is a dose-dependent modifier of the ci locus. Lack of pairing at the ci locus can facilitate the en--dependent expression of the ci phenotypes.

    (Locke and Hanna, 1995)

    The distribution of the ci protein during development is examined and epistasis analysis is used to position ci in the wg and hh signalling pathways. fu and hh modulate the post-transcriptional regulation of ci protein. ci is epistatic to ptc in the maintenance of wg expression and the formation of naked cuticle.

    (Motzny and Holmgren, 1995)

    Ecol\lacZ reporter gene constructs demonstrate that separate ci regulatory elements regulate ci expression in embryos and imaginal discs. The en protein directly represses ci expression in wing posterior compartment cells.

    (Schwartz et al., 1995)

    Proper regulation of both the ci RNA and protein appears to be critical for normal development.

    (Slusarski et al., 1995)

    Direct wg autoregulation differs from wg signalling to adjacent cells in the importance of fu, smo and ci relative to sgg and arm.

    (Hooper, 1994)

    pan and ci loci display a complex complementation pattern: viable alleles of ci complement lethal alleles of ci and complement pan, of the lethal alleles of ci, ciD fails to complement pan and ciCe-r1, ciCe-2 fails to complement ciCe-r1.

    (Locke and Tartof, 1994)

    fu and ci are required for normal wg transcription, acting downstream of ptc to regulate wg transcription. Transcriptional control of ptc is mediated by fu and ci.

    (Forbes et al., 1993)

    Segment polarity mutations cause stripes of abnormal patterning within sectors of the leg disc, which may be mediated by regional perturbations in growth.

    (Held, 1993)

    The role of ci in the regulation of run mRNA expression in the early embryo has been investigated.

    (Klingler and Gergen, 1993)

    Assayed in an analysis of chromosome 4 using pulsed field gel electrophoresis.

    (Locke and McDermid, 1993)

    wg and en expression patterns are studied in all known segment polarity mutants to investigate the requirement of other segment polarity genes in mediating the maintenance of wg and en.

    (van den Heuvel et al., 1993)

    Ectopic uniform wg expression results in change in ci expression: ci expressed in those cells that are not expressing en (as in wild type), but since the en stripe is broader the ci stripe is thinner.

    (Noordermeer et al., 1992)

    Mutations in ci cause pleiotropic phenotypes in embryonic patterns and affect several longitudinal veins.

    (Diaz-Benjumea and Garcia-Bellido, 1990)

    Late ptc transcription patterns depend upon selective repression by ciD.

    (Hidalgo and Ingham, 1990)

    ve, vn, ci, cg, svs, ast, H, Vno and vvl belong to the vein phenotypic group (Puro, 1982, Droso. Info. Serv. 58:205--208 ) within the 'lack-of-vein' mutant class. Loss-of-function alleles at these loci remove stretches of veins in two or more longitudinal veins. Double mutations within members of this group remove all veins, have smaller, slightly lanceolate wings, no sensilla and extra chaetae.

    (Diaz-Benjumea et al., 1989)

    ci has a specific role in the control of cell fates during neurogenesis.

    (Patel et al., 1989)

    The expression of ci+ can be altered in direction of ci by certain chromosome rearrangements that have one break in vicinity of ci locus. Rearranged fourth chromosomes carrying a mutant allele of ci, R(ci), may also show altered expression of gene (Stern and Kodani, 1955). R(ci) and R(ci+) terminology not retained here; interaction with ci included in descriptions of aberrations involving chromosome 4.

    Origin and Etymology
    Discoverer
    Etymology
    Identification
    External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 71 )
    Sequence Crossreferences
    NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
    GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
    GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
    RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
    UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
    Other crossreferences
    BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
    Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
    DRscDB
    EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas
    Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
    Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
    Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
    InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
    KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
    MARRVEL_MODEL
    modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
    SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
    Linkouts
    BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
    Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank - Monoclonal antibodies for use in research
    FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
    FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
    FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
    Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
    InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
    KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.
    MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
    Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
    Synonyms and Secondary IDs (38)
    Reported As
    Symbol Synonym
    CG2125
    (Jeibmann et al., 2014, Ibrahim et al., 2013, Azad et al., 2012, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2008, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Ryder et al., 2004, Whitfield, 2000.9.11)
    CI
    (Marques-Pita and Rocha, 2013, Dahmann et al., 2011, Ingham et al., 2011, Stoll et al., 2010, Claret et al., 2007, Pallavi and Shashidhara, 2005, Roy and Ingham, 2002, Leahy, 1999)
    CID
    (Strukov et al., 2011, Monk et al., 2010, Lince-Faria et al., 2009, von Dassow et al., 2000, Bassett et al., 1997)
    Ce
    (Martinez Arias, 1993, Green, 1952)
    Ci
    (Emmons-Bell and Hariharan, 2021, Tian and Smith-Bolton, 2021, Xu et al., 2021, Yang and Choi, 2021, Bajpai and Sinha, 2020, Cui et al., 2020, Fuqua et al., 2020, Han et al., 2020, Khadilkar et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Palm and Rodenfels, 2020, Pan et al., 2020, Prince et al., 2020, Sato and Siomi, 2020, Tu et al., 2020, Wang and Dahmann, 2020, Xu et al., 2020, Zhang and Cai, 2020, Zhang et al., 2020, Fan et al., 2019, García-Morales et al., 2019, Han et al., 2019, Meltzer et al., 2019, Giordano et al., 2018, Jiang et al., 2018, Kastl et al., 2018, Lee et al., 2018, Lehmann, 2018, Yu et al., 2018, Zhou et al., 2018, Chambers et al., 2017, Chen et al., 2017, Liu and Jin, 2017, Pan et al., 2017, Smelkinson et al., 2017, Zhao et al., 2017, Kotov et al., 2016, Lee et al., 2016, Li et al., 2016, Ma et al., 2016, Mbodj et al., 2016, Saadin and Starz-Gaiano, 2016, Dorn and Dorn, 2015, Gurdziel et al., 2015, Im et al., 2015, Khaliullina et al., 2015, Lee et al., 2015, Liu et al., 2015, Oh et al., 2015, Ren et al., 2015, Vedanayagam and Garrigan, 2015, Xiong et al., 2015, Zhou et al., 2015, Butí et al., 2014, Goriaux et al., 2014, Jiang et al., 2014, Karandikar et al., 2014, Kuzhandaivel et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014, Mao et al., 2014, Pichaud, 2014, Shi et al., 2014, Shi et al., 2014, Skwarek et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2014, Zhang et al., 2014, Atkins et al., 2013, Avanesov and Blair, 2013, Bausek, 2013, Bilioni et al., 2013, Brianti et al., 2013, Briscoe and Thérond, 2013, Chen and Jiang, 2013, Christiansen et al., 2013, Da Ros et al., 2013, Degoutin et al., 2013, Ducuing et al., 2013, Fossett, 2013, Gao et al., 2013, Huang et al., 2013, Li et al., 2013, Palm et al., 2013, Ramos and Barolo, 2013, Serysheva et al., 2013, Serysheva et al., 2013, Shim et al., 2013, Tran et al., 2013, Wong et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Aikin et al., 2012, Amoyel and Bach, 2012, Avanesov et al., 2012, Carroll et al., 2012, Cheng et al., 2012, Christiansen et al., 2012, Kagey et al., 2012, Legent et al., 2012, Matakatsu and Blair, 2012, Robbins et al., 2012, Sánchez-Hernández et al., 2012, Singh and Mlodzik, 2012, Wu et al., 2012, Yue et al., 2012, Bangi et al., 2011, Becam et al., 2011, Callejo et al., 2011, Du et al., 2011, Hadjieconomou et al., 2011, Jiang et al., 2011, Liu et al., 2011, Michaut et al., 2011, Parker et al., 2011, Poon et al., 2011, Shi et al., 2011, Singh et al., 2011, Su et al., 2011, Terriente-Félix et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Wojcinski et al., 2011, You et al., 2011, Zhang et al., 2011, Zhou and Kalderon, 2011, Brankatschk and Eaton, 2010, Camp et al., 2010, Chang et al., 2010, Cheng et al., 2010, Hartman et al., 2010, Jia et al., 2010, Kechris et al., 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Kugler and Nagel, 2010, Maurel-Zaffran et al., 2010, Neto-Silva et al., 2010, Raisin et al., 2010, Sen et al., 2010, Seong et al., 2010, Tamori et al., 2010, Usha and Shashidhara, 2010, Yan et al., 2010, Zheng et al., 2010, Ayers et al., 2009, Baker et al., 2009, Djagaeva and Doronkin, 2009, Farzan et al., 2009, Jia et al., 2009, Khaliullina et al., 2009, Nagaraj and Banerjee, 2009, Renault et al., 2009, Smith-Bolton et al., 2009, Yan et al., 2009, Zhang et al., 2009, Zhuang et al., 2009, Alexandre et al., 2008, Carrera et al., 2008, Casso et al., 2008, Fan and Bergmann, 2008, Friggi-Grelin et al., 2008, Gallet et al., 2008, Katanaev et al., 2008, Mitchell et al., 2008, Ogden et al., 2008, Sánchez et al., 2008, Schlichting and Dahmann, 2008, Shen et al., 2008, Takashima et al., 2008, Tien et al., 2008, Wang and Price, 2008, Zhang et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2008, Bejarano et al., 2007, Chanana et al., 2007, Chien-Hsiang et al., 2007, Eugster et al., 2007, Farzan et al., 2007, Galletti et al., 2007, Giuliani et al., 2007, Kim et al., 2007, Kugler and Nagel, 2007, Molnar et al., 2007, Pfleger et al., 2007, Price et al., 2007, Ruel et al., 2007, Smelkinson et al., 2007, Sun and Deng, 2007, Sun and Deng, 2007, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Umemori et al., 2007, Walthall et al., 2007, Zhao et al., 2007, Beach et al., 2006, Beenken and Mohammadi, 2006, Bossing and Brand, 2006, Callejo et al., 2006, Croker et al., 2006, Dussillol-Godar et al., 2006, Ference and Barolo, 2006, Fisher and Howie, 2006, Goodman et al., 2006, Ho et al., 2006, Jia and Jiang, 2006, Jiang, 2006, Jones et al., 2006, Liu et al., 2006, Nolo et al., 2006, Ogden et al., 2006, Osterlund and Kogerman, 2006, Panakova and Eaton, 2006, Parrish et al., 2006, Sisson et al., 2006, Sisson et al., 2006, Smelkinson and Kalderon, 2006, Vrailas and Moses, 2006, Wilson and Chuang, 2006, Zhang et al., 2006, Zhou et al., 2006, Ziegenhorn et al., 2006, Ayyub et al., 2005, Chotard et al., 2005, Dawber et al., 2005, Hogarth et al., 2005, Holmgren et al., 2005, Horabin, 2005, Jia et al., 2005, Lim et al., 2005, Ma, 2005, Mandal et al., 2005, Tian et al., 2005, Torroja et al., 2005, Wei et al., 2005, Xie et al., 2005, Hime et al., 2004, Wang and Jiang, 2004, Heriche et al., 2003, Ascano et al., 2002, Monnier et al., 2002, Noureddine et al., 2002, Zhang et al., 2002, McNeill, 2000, Song et al., 2000, Wang et al., 2000)
    Ci/GLI
    (Sanial and Plessis, 2007)
    Ci/Gli
    (Zhao et al., 2007)
    Ci155
    (Zhang et al., 2011, Ambrus et al., 2007)
    CiD
    (Perrimon, 1994)
    CiD
    (Dearden and Akam, 2000, Klingensmith and Nusse, 1994)
    Gli
    (Chen and Jiang, 2013, White et al., 2012, Joulia et al., 2005, Venema and Auld, 2005)
    Siah
    (Alexandre et al., 2008)
    ci
    (Cattenoz et al., 2021, Everetts et al., 2021, Cho et al., 2020, Keder et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Li et al., 2020, Rust et al., 2020, Tu et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2020, Bageritz et al., 2019, Banerjee et al., 2019, Sharma et al., 2019, Sun et al., 2019, Wong et al., 2019, Baldeosingh et al., 2018, Jia et al., 2018, Lv et al., 2018, Zhu et al., 2018, Aggarwal et al., 2017, Chabu et al., 2017, Garcia-Garcia et al., 2017, Lai et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Bielmeier et al., 2016, Doiguchi et al., 2016, Jiang et al., 2016, Moulton and Letsou, 2016, Ray et al., 2016, Slaninova et al., 2016, Wieschaus and Nüsslein-Volhard, 2016, Willsey et al., 2016, Bosch et al., 2015, Li et al., 2015, Liu et al., 2015, Lu et al., 2015, Matsuda et al., 2015, Matsuda et al., 2015, Nadimpalli et al., 2015, Rudolf et al., 2015, Zhou et al., 2015, Bauerly et al., 2014, Ciglar et al., 2014, Evans et al., 2014, Herrera and Morata, 2014, Herz et al., 2014, Kim et al., 2014, Kim et al., 2014, Liu et al., 2014, Ranieri et al., 2014, Stern et al., 2014, Chai et al., 2013, Da Ros et al., 2013, Gao et al., 2013, Geisbrecht et al., 2013, Iyer et al., 2013, Saunders et al., 2013, Spratford and Kumar, 2013, Webber et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Azad et al., 2012, Fan et al., 2012, Hurtado et al., 2012, Jimenez-Sanchez et al., 2012, Riddle et al., 2012, Sousa-Neves and Schinaman, 2012, Zhou et al., 2012, Callejo et al., 2011, Gibert et al., 2011, Karim and Moore, 2011, Marks and Kalderon, 2011, Pérez et al., 2011, Pilgram et al., 2011, Toku et al., 2011, Watson et al., 2011, Weake et al., 2011, Biehs et al., 2010, Chou et al., 2010, Firth et al., 2010, Jia et al., 2010, Kühnlein, 2010, Li et al., 2010, Pospisilik et al., 2010, Sato et al., 2010, Smolik, 2010.11.15, Subramanian and Gadgil, 2010, Wasbrough et al., 2010, Yavari et al., 2010, Zhou and Kalderon, 2010, Bejarano and Milán, 2009, Blanco et al., 2009, Chaves et al., 2009, Fang et al., 2009, Foronda et al., 2009, Julius et al., 2009, Landsberg et al., 2009, Mosimann et al., 2009, Mulinari and Häcker, 2009, Ni et al., 2009, Zúñiga et al., 2009, Chaves and Albert, 2008, Farzan et al., 2008, González et al., 2008, McDermott and Kliman, 2008, Ni et al., 2008, Prince et al., 2008, Tien et al., 2008, Bejarano et al., 2007, Beltran et al., 2007, Corrigall et al., 2007, Escudero and Freeman, 2007, Escudero et al., 2007, Makhijani et al., 2007, Malpel et al., 2007, Mandal et al., 2007, Ou et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, D'Costa et al., 2006, Joshi et al., 2006, Kent et al., 2006, Masly et al., 2006, Ramos and Mohler, 2006, Smelkinson and Kalderon, 2006, Suh et al., 2006, Varjosalo et al., 2006, Wehn and Campbell, 2006, Wendler et al., 2006, Yao et al., 2006, Briscoe and Therond, 2005, Firth and Baker, 2005, Firth and Baker, 2005, Ishii, 2005, Nybakken et al., 2005, Zhang et al., 2005, Wang and Struhl, 2004, Heriche et al., 2003, Noor and Kliman, 2003, Sanchez and Guerrero, 2001, van Steensel and Henikoff, 2000, von Mering and Basler, 1999, Forbes et al., 1996, Freeland and Kuhn, 1996, Locke and Tartof, 1994, Orenic et al., 1987)
    ci-D
    (Harbecke and Lengyel, 1995, Wilkins and Gubb, 1991, Tearle and Nusslein-Volhard, 1987)
    ci155
    (Jia et al., 2003)
    ciD
    (Cifuentes and Garcia-Bellido, 1997, DiNardo et al., 1994, Martinez Arias, 1993, van den Heuvel et al., 1993, Garcia-Bellido and de Celis, 1992, Berry et al., 1991)
    ciD
    (Vivas et al., 1999, Simmonds and Bell, 1995)
    d Ci
    (Paces-Fessy et al., 2004)
    l(4)102ABc
    l(4)13
    (Dambly-Chaudiere and Leyns, 1992, Hochman, 1976, Hochman, 1974, Hochman, 1971)
    l(4)17
    (van Beest et al., 1998, Dambly-Chaudiere and Leyns, 1992, Orr, 1992, Hochman, 1976, Hochman, 1974, Hochman, 1971)
    Name Synonyms
    Cell
    Cubitis Interruptus
    (Yavari et al., 2010)
    Cubitis interruptus
    (Vedanayagam and Garrigan, 2015, Tran et al., 2013)
    Cubitus
    (Hirakata and Siomi, 2019)
    Cubitus Interruptus
    (Spratford and Kumar, 2013, Becam et al., 2011)
    Cubitus Interuptus
    (Dawber et al., 2005)
    Cubitus interruptus
    (Zhang and Cai, 2020, Bard, 2017, Zhao et al., 2017, Lee et al., 2015, Matsuda et al., 2015, Goriaux et al., 2014, Mao et al., 2014, Ranieri et al., 2014, Bausek, 2013, Chen and Jiang, 2013, Degoutin et al., 2013, Gao et al., 2013, Palm et al., 2013, Yamamoto-Hino and Goto, 2013, Amoyel and Bach, 2012, Du et al., 2011, Marks and Kalderon, 2011, Shi et al., 2011, Singh et al., 2011, Terriente-Félix et al., 2011, Wang et al., 2011, Biehs et al., 2010, Chou et al., 2010, Kechris et al., 2010, Kim et al., 2010, Sen et al., 2010, Tamori et al., 2010, Yan et al., 2010, Zheng et al., 2010, Zhou and Kalderon, 2010, Baker et al., 2009, Blanco et al., 2009, Djagaeva and Doronkin, 2009, Foronda et al., 2009, Mosimann et al., 2009, Mulinari and Häcker, 2009, Carrera et al., 2008, Farzan et al., 2008, Katanaev et al., 2008, Ogden et al., 2008, Schlichting and Dahmann, 2008, Shen et al., 2008, Wang and Price, 2008, Zhang et al., 2008, Bejarano et al., 2007, Chanana et al., 2007, Chien-Hsiang et al., 2007, Claret et al., 2007, Dahmann and Schlichting, 2007, Giuliani et al., 2007, Pfleger et al., 2007, Reig et al., 2007, Tountas and Fortini, 2007, Walthall et al., 2007, Ference and Barolo, 2006, Goodman et al., 2006, Ho et al., 2006, Panakova and Eaton, 2006, Sisson et al., 2006, Vrailas and Moses, 2006, Horabin, 2005, Tian et al., 2005, Torroja et al., 2005, Wang and Jiang, 2004, Lee and Orr-Weaver, 2003, Ascano et al., 2002, Monnier et al., 2002)
    Cubitus interuptus
    (Yu et al., 2018, Beach et al., 2006)
    Cubitus-interruptus
    (Usha and Shashidhara, 2010)
    cubitis interruptus
    (Bejarano et al., 2007)
    cubitus
    (Wieschaus and Nüsslein-Volhard, 2016)
    cubitus interruptus
    (Bielmeier et al., 2016, Hallier et al., 2015, Matsuda et al., 2015, Moncrieff et al., 2015, Xiong et al., 2015, Bauerly et al., 2014, Herz et al., 2014, Jeibmann et al., 2014, Wang et al., 2014, Da Ros et al., 2013, Ibrahim et al., 2013, Iyer et al., 2013, Zhang et al., 2013, Sousa-Neves and Schinaman, 2012, Callejo et al., 2011, Chang et al., 2010, Kühnlein, 2010, Farzan et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2009, Ni et al., 2008, Takashima et al., 2008, Tien et al., 2008, Escudero et al., 2007, Ou et al., 2007, Fraser, 2006, Masly et al., 2006, Ogden et al., 2006, Wendler et al., 2006, Hogarth et al., 2005, van Steensel and Henikoff, 2000, Schwartz, 1995.2.21, Schwartz, 1995.2.21)
    cubitus interuptus
    (García-Morales et al., 2019, Fang et al., 2009)
    cubitus-interruptus
    (Ishihara and Shibata, 2008)
    cubitus-interruptus-Dominant
    (Blair, 1995)
    cubitus-interruptus-dominant
    interruptus
    (Hirakata and Siomi, 2019)
    Secondary FlyBase IDs
    • FBgn0000314
    • FBgn0000315
    • FBgn0010154
    • FBgn0010155
    • FBgn0017411
    • FBgn0019831
    Datasets (0)
    Study focus (0)
    Experimental Role
    Project
    Project Type
    Title
    References (1,100)