NF-κB, ird4, NFκB, l(3)neo36, Rel1
Ankyrin-repeat and NFkappaB domain protein - a key factor in the induction of the humoral immune response in Drosophila, including antibacterial as well as antifungal factors
Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Rel for information on other features
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AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.
Gene model reviewed during 5.48
3.5, 3.4, 3.1, 2.7 (northern blot)
3.4, 3.1, 2.7 (northern blot)
971, 859 (aa)
Rel-p68 subunit interacts with Dredd (PubMed:11269502). Interacts with DMAP1 (PubMed:24947515). Interacts with akirin; interaction is immune stimulation-dependent; activates selected rel target gene promoters (PubMed:25180232).
Phosphorylated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated I-kappa-B kinase complex before being cleaved. Rel-p110 subunit is cleaved within seconds of an immune challenge into Rel-p49 subunit and Rel-p68 subunit. Rel-p110 subunit reappears after 45 minutes.
Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Rel using the Feature Mapper tool.
Comment: maternally deposited
Comment: anlage in statu nascendi
Comment: 8 hr before - 12 hr after puparium formation
Rel expression in salivary glands begins 8 hours prior to puparium formation, and ends 12 hours after puparium formation, with a peak 2 hours APF.
3.4kb Rel transcripts are expressed constitutively and are induced about 15-fold upon infection.
The 3.1kb Rel transcripts are undetectable in untreated flies and are induced greater than 50-fold in infected flies.
A 2.7kb Rel transcript is present in early embryos and uninjected adult females.
GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals
View Dmel\Rel in GBrowse 23-48
3-45.8
Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete
Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.
For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.
polyclonal
Source for merge of: Rel l(3)neo36
Source for merge of: Rel ird4
Rel is necessary to provide immunity to reactive oxygen species-resistant pathogens.
dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.
Area matching Drosophila relish gene (inverted), Acc No. U62005.
Identified as a gene with significant level of mRNA cycling as assessed by expression analysis using high density oligonucleotide arrays with probe generated from adult heads harvested over six time points over the course of a day. Shows alteration in expression in a Clk mutant background.
Identification: as a mutation that fails to induce expression of Ecol\lacZDpt.PR normally in response to infection. 4 "ird4" alleles have been obtained.
The Rel protein is rapidly cleaved into two parts after immune challenge. An N-terminal fragment, containing the DNA-binding Rel homology domain, translocates to the nucleus, while the C-terminal IκB-like fragment remains in the cytoplasm.
Identification: EMS screen for mutations that prevent Dpt expression in response to infection.
Mutants exhibit a block of Dif nuclear localisation in response to infection.
Identified in a PCR differential display screen for genes induced when the immune system is activated.