FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\sty

General Information

Symbol

Dmel\sty

Species

D. melanogaster

Name

sprouty

Annotation Symbol

CG1921

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0014388

Gene Model Status

Current

Stock Availability

14 publicly available

Gene Summary

Inhibitor of tracheal branching that restricts branch budding by antagonizing the BNL-FGF pathway (BNL: branchless, an fgf inducer of branching). Acts as an antagonist of EGFR-mediated signaling in the eye (where it is important for cell determination) midline glia, chordotonal organs, wing and ovarian follicle cells. (UniProt, O44783)

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Pathway
UniProtKB
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

spry, Sry

Key Links

Genomic Location

Cytogenetic map

63D2-63D3

Sequence location

3L:3,401,153..3,424,935 [-]

Recombination map

3-8

RefSeq locus

NT_037436 REGION:3401153..3424935

Sequence

Get Decorated FASTA

Genomic Maps

JBrowse GBrowse

Help me choose

Other Genome Views

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

Function

GO Summary Ribbons

Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (22 terms)

Molecular Function (0 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)

Biological Process (18 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (15 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in branching involved in open tracheal system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(assigned by UniProt )

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

involved_in compound eye morphogenesis

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Jarvis et al., 2006)

involved_in dorsal/ventral axis specification, ovarian follicular epithelium

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kramer et al., 1999)

involved_in glial cell development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Sieglitz et al., 2013)

involved_in lamellocyte differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Dragojlovic-Munther and Martinez-Agosto, 2013)

involved_in muscle cell development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Dutta et al., 2005)

involved_in negative regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kramer et al., 1999, Reich et al., 1999)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:aos; FB:FBgn0004569

(Casci et al., 1999, Kramer et al., 1999)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Egfr; FB:FBgn0003731

(Casci et al., 1999)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:Ama; FB:FBgn0000071

(Ariss et al., 2020)

involved_in negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Reich et al., 1999)

involved_in negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Reich et al., 1999, Hacohen et al., 1998)

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:bnl; FB:FBgn0014135

(Jarvis et al., 2006, Hacohen et al., 1998)

involved_in negative regulation of imaginal disc-derived wing vein specification

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kramer et al., 1999, Reich et al., 1999)

involved_in negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Kramer et al., 1999)

involved_in negative regulation of torso signaling pathway

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:tor; FB:FBgn0003733

(Casci et al., 1999)

involved_in ommatidial rotation

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Jarvis et al., 2006)

involved_in open tracheal system development

inferred from mutant phenotype

(Jarvis et al., 2006)

involved_in regulation of compound eye photoreceptor development

inferred from genetic interaction with FLYBASE:csw; FB:FBgn0000382

(Jarvis et al., 2006)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

involved_in animal organ development

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000961788

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000961788

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in negative regulation of MAP kinase activity

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000961788

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

involved_in negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000961788

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Cellular Component (4 terms)

Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical part of cell

inferred from direct assay

(Kramer et al., 1999)

located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Casci et al., 1999)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)

CV Term

Evidence

References

is_active_in cytosol

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000961788

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

Pathway (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Torso Signaling Pathway

Negative Regulators of EGFR Signaling Pathway

Negative Regulators of FGFR Signaling Pathway

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the sprouty family. (O44783)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Sprouty

Summaries

Pathway (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Torso Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Torso signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl).
Negative Regulators of EGFR Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on downstream effectors.
Negative Regulators of FGFR Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on other effectors.

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

(UniProt, O44783)

Summary (Interactive Fly)

membrane associated or secreted antagonist of FGF signaling - functions during tracheal development - mutant follicle-cell clones demonstrates an essential role for Sprouty in restricting Egfr activation throughout oogenesis

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\sty for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Structure New Section

Protein 3D structure (Predicted by AlphaFold) (AlphaFold entry O44783)

If you don't see the viewer to the right, refresh your browser.

Model Confidence:

Very high (pLDDT > 90)
Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.50

Gene model reviewed during 5.56

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

protein_coding_gene

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

sty-RB

FBtr0073146

NM_079178

3264

589

sty-RC

FBtr0073145

NM_168031

4280

589

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

3.2, 2.8, 1.7 (longest cDNA)

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

sty-PB

FBpp0073005

62.4

589

8.37

NP_523902

AAF47772

sty-PC

FBpp0073004

62.4

589

8.37

NP_728881

AAN11566

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

589 aa isoforms: sty-PB, sty-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

591 (aa); 63 (kD predicted)

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Comments

sty protein is a putative secreted protein with a conserved cysteine-rich motif.

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with DRK and RasGAP1 proteins of the Ras pathway.

(UniProt, O44783)

Domain

The Cys-rich domain is responsible for the localization of the protein to the plasma membrane.

(UniProt, O44783)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Sprouty

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

O44783

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\sty using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

sty_1
sty_2

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

ventral midline of embryo

(Wheeler et al., 2009)

embryonic stage 14 -- 15

embryonic/larval dorsal vessel

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

neuron of larval ventral nerve cord

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

oenocyte

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

midline glial cell

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage 10 -- 17

Comment: reference states 5-22 hr AEL

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

embryonic/larval tracheal system

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

Additional Descriptive Data

Marker for

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

located_in apical part of cell

inferred from direct assay

(Kramer et al., 1999)

located_in cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(Casci et al., 1999)

located_in plasma membrane

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

Reporter: P{lacW}s2683

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

midline glial cell & interface glial cell

Comment: segmentally repeated pattern

(Bergmann et al., 2002)

oogenesis stage S7 -- S10

follicle cell | subset

(Reich et al., 1999)

Reporter: P{PZ}eIF5B⁰⁹¹⁴³

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

embryonic stage

longitudinal glial cell

(Sieglitz et al., 2013)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

embryonic/larval tracheal system | restricted

(Samakovlis et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 14

embryonic/larval dorsal tracheal branch 1

(Samakovlis et al., 1996)

embryonic/larval dorsal tracheal branch 2

(Samakovlis et al., 1996)

third instar larval stage

anterior-posterior compartment boundary of the wing disc

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

adepithelial cell of wing disc

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

dorsal-ventral compartment boundary of the wing disc | vicinity of

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

haltere disc | restricted

Comment: presumptive hinge & notum; NOT haltere pouch

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

dorsal mesothoracic pleura primordium

Comment: notum

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

wing hinge primordium

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

wing pouch | restricted

(Pallavi et al., 2006)

embryonic/larval wrapping glial cell of the eye disc

(Sieglitz et al., 2013)

wandering third instar larval stage

imaginal disc

(Meister and Braun, 1995.10)

embryonic/larval tracheal section

(Meister and Braun, 1995.10)

pupal stage P5(ii)

antennal disc | restricted

Comment: reference states 16 hr APF

(Sen et al., 2004)

adult stage

adult optic lobe

(Vosshall, 1998.8.10)

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\sty in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\sty

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\sty

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

38424/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0014388

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0014388

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0014388

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1921

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0014388

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 27 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 14 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of sty

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of sty

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 9 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 9 )

Gene disrupted in

Df(3L)1226

(Kramer et al., 1999, Hacohen et al., 1998)

Df(3L)1227

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Df(3L)CS3-3-154

(Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)

Df(3L)Exel6094

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(3L)HR119

(Kramer et al., 1999, Hacohen et al., 1998)

Df(3L)HR232

(Kramer et al., 1999, Hacohen et al., 1998)

Df(3L)HR298

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Gene not disrupted in

Df(3L)A466

(Kramer et al., 1999)

Df(3L)HR370

(Kramer et al., 1999)

Inferred from location ( 0 )

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

sty^GD1156

lethal | recessive

lethal - all die before end of P-stage | recessive

lethal - all die before end of pupal stage | recessive

viable

sty^EY11239

Sterility

Allele

fertile

sty^EY11239

Other Phenotypes

Allele

abnormal neuroanatomy, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^EY11239

abnormal neuroanatomy | recessive

sty^Δ5

abnormal neuroanatomy | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

sty^UAS.cHa

some die during pharate adult stage | recessive

some die during pupal stage | recessive

visible, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

visible, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

visible, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

visible | dominant

sty^S73

visible | recessive

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

chordotonal organ

chordotonal organ, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

sty^UAS.cHa

cone cell

cone cell, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

dorsal air sac primordium | somatic clone

sty^Δ5

dorsal appendage

sty^Δ5

dorsal appendage, with Scer\GAL4^T155

sty^UAS.cHa

dorsal appendage | maternal effect | somatic clone

sty^Δ5

egg

sty^Δ5

egg, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

sty^UAS.cHa

egg, with Scer\GAL4^T155

sty^UAS.cHa

egg, with Scer\GAL4^{VP16.mat.αTub67C}

sty^UAS.cHa

embryo, with Scer\GAL4^CY2

sty^UAS.cHa

embryonic/larval dorsal tracheal branch

embryonic/larval dorsal tracheal branch 1 | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone

sty^Δ5

embryonic/larval ganglionic tracheal branch

embryonic/larval ganglionic tracheal branch 2 | cell non-autonomous | somatic clone

sty^Δ5

embryonic/larval optic stalk surface glial cell | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PL

sty^UAS.cHa

embryonic/larval tracheal system

embryonic/larval visceral tracheal branch

sty^Δ5

eye

eye, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^UAS.cHa

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

eye, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PU

sty^GD1156

eye, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

eye, with Scer\GAL4^sev.EP

sty^UAS.cHa

eye photoreceptor cell

sty^S88

eye photoreceptor cell, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

eye photoreceptor cell | somatic clone

sty^S73

fascicle | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^repo.PL

sty^GD1156

five-cell ommatidial precursor cluster, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

hemocyte | late embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4^srp.Hemo

sty^UAS.C.Tag:HA

interommatidial bristle, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

sty^UAS.cHa

midline glial cell

sty^Δ5

muscle founder cell, with Scer\GAL4¹¹⁵¹

sty^UAS.cHa

mystery cell

NMJ bouton | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4^how-24B

sty^UAS.cHa

ommatidial precursor cluster, with Scer\GAL4^GMR.PF

ommatidium

ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^UAS.cHa

ommatidium, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

sty^UAS.cHa

ommatidium | somatic clone

sty^S73

outer photoreceptor cell

sty^Δ5

ovary | germline clone

photoreceptor cell R1, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R1, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R3, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R3, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R4, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R4, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R6, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R6, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R7, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^UAS.cHa

photoreceptor cell R7, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

sty^UAS.cHa

pigment cell, with Scer\GAL4^hs.2sev

primary pigment cell

sty^S73

synapse, with Scer\GAL4^elav-C155

sty^EY11239

terminal tracheal cell | increased number

sty^Δ5

tracheal lateral trunk anterior branch primordium

sty^Δ5

tracheal lateral trunk posterior branch primordium

sty^Δ5

wing, with Scer\GAL4^BH1

sty^UAS.cHa

wing, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

wing vein

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^BH1

sty^UAS.cHa

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

wing vein, with Scer\GAL4^en-e16E

wing vein L2, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

sty^UAS.cHa

wing vein L3, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

sty^UAS.cHa

wing vein L3, with Scer\GAL4^dpp.blk1

sty^UAS.cHa

wing vein L4, with Scer\GAL4^Bx-MS1096

sty^UAS.cHa

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (4)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\SPRY2

11 of 15

Yes

Hsap\SPRY1

9 of 15

Yes

Hsap\SPRY3

9 of 15

Yes

Hsap\SPRY4

9 of 15

Yes

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (5)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Spry2

11 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Spry4

9 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Spry1

8 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Spry3

5 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Notch2

1 of 15

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (5)

Rnor\Spry2

9 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Spry4

7 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Spry3

6 of 13

Yes

Rnor\RGD1564382

2 of 13

Yes

Rnor\Spry1

2 of 13

Yes

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (4)

Xtro\spry4

9 of 12

Yes

Xtro\spry1

6 of 12

Yes

Xtro\spry2

6 of 12

Yes

Xtro\spry3

6 of 12

Yes

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)

Drer\spry2

11 of 15

Yes

Drer\spry1

7 of 15

Yes

Drer\spry4

5 of 15

Yes

Drer\LOC100003704

2 of 15

Yes

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)

Cele\crm-1

1 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (0)

No records found.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)

No records found.

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)

No records found.

Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

No records found.

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

SPRY4; sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 4

model of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 17 with or without anosmia

IEA

(FlyBase, 2019-)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

sty^Δ5

ameliorates cardiomyopathy

modeled by Pp2B-14D^act.UAS.EYFP

(Lee et al., 2014)

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

SPRY2; sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 2

11 of 15

602466

IgA NEPHROPATHY, SUSCEPTIBILITY TO, 3; IGAN3

SPRY1; sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 1

9 of 15

602465

SPRY3; sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 3

9 of 15

300531

SPRY4; sprouty RTK signaling antagonist 4

9 of 15

607984

HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM 17 WITH OR WITHOUT ANOSMIA; HH17

hypogonadotropic hypogonadism 17 with or without anosmia

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

sty - CG12004

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - CG12012

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - CG14767

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - CG3164

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - CG5447

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - CG7668

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - Frl

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - Nedd4

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - Pvr

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - Shc

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - Syb

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

sty - drk

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting

(Friedman et al., 2011)

sty - sax

experimental knowledge based

(Guruharsha et al., 2011)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

sty

enhanceable

aop

(Kramer et al., 1999)

sty

enhanceable

aos

(Zettl et al., 2011)

rho-5|sty

enhanceable

aos

(Zettl et al., 2011)

sty

suppressible

(Bai et al., 2001)

sty

enhanceable

(Bai et al., 2001)

sty

suppressible

Edem2

(Zettl et al., 2011)

sty

suppressible

Fas2

(Mao and Freeman, 2009)

sty

suppressible

Ras85D

(Kramer et al., 1999)

sty

enhanceable

RasGAP1

(Kramer et al., 1999)

sty

enhanceable

rau

(Sieglitz et al., 2013)

sty

enhanceable

rho-5

(Zettl et al., 2011)

sty

suppressible

rho-5

(Zettl et al., 2011)

sty|aos

enhanceable

rho-5

(Zettl et al., 2011)

sty

suppressible

sina

(Kramer et al., 1999)

sty

suppressible

sip3

(Zettl et al., 2011)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

aos

suppressible

sty

(Taguchi et al., 2000, Casci et al., 1999, Kramer et al., 1999)

btl::Egfr

suppressible

sty

(Reich et al., 1999)

CanB|Pp2B-14D

suppressible

sty

(Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)

Chmp1

enhanceable

sty

(Valentine et al., 2014)

csw::Src64B

enhanceable

sty

(Jarvis et al., 2006)

csw

suppressible

sty

(Jarvis et al., 2006)

csw

enhanceable

sty

(Oishi et al., 2009, Oishi et al., 2006)

Egfr::tor

enhanceable

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

Egfr::tor

suppressible

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

Egfr

enhanceable

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

Egfr

suppressible

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

enhanceable

sty

(Strutt and Strutt, 2003)

suppressible

sty

(Müller et al., 2005)

hid

suppressible

sty

(Bergmann et al., 1998)

htl

suppressible

sty

(Reich et al., 1999)

kay

enhanceable

sty

(Franciscovich et al., 2008)

kay

suppressible

sty

(Franciscovich et al., 2008)

enhanceable

sty

(Abrell et al., 2000)

suppressible

sty

(Abrell et al., 2000)

mop

suppressible

sty

(Miura et al., 2008)

nej

suppressible

sty

(Anderson et al., 2005)

Pp2B-14D

suppressible

sty

(Lee et al., 2014, Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)

Pp2B-14D

enhanceable

sty

(Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)

Raf

suppressible

sty

(Reich et al., 1999)

Ras64B

suppressible

sty

(Strutt and Strutt, 2003)

rau

suppressible

sty

(Sieglitz et al., 2013)

rho

enhanceable

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

enhanceable

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

sev

suppressible

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

suppressible

(Sen et al., 2011)

suppressible

(Casci et al., 1999)

spi

enhanceable

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

svp

suppressible

sty

(Sieglitz et al., 2013)

tor

suppressible

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

trk

suppressible

sty

(Casci et al., 1999)

vap

enhanceable

sty

(Botella et al., 2003)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with DRK and RasGAP1 proteins of the Ras pathway.

(UniProt, O44783 )

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

63919

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0014388

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Pathways

Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)

Negative Regulators of Torso Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Torso signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl).
Negative Regulators of EGFR Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on downstream effectors.
Negative Regulators of FGFR Signaling Pathway -: Negative regulators of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor signaling down-regulate the pathway, suppressing the activation of ERK kinase (rl) or acting on other effectors.

Metabolic Pathways

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0014388

External Data

Linkouts

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

MAPK signaling pathway - fly

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data

Chromosome (arm)

Recombination map

3-8

Cytogenetic map

63D2-63D3

Sequence location

3L:3,401,153..3,424,935 [-]

FlyBase Computed Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Evidence for location

63D2-63D3

Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}kst⁰¹³¹⁸ and P{PZ}Sc2⁰⁵⁶³⁴

Experimentally Determined Cytological Location

Cytogenetic map

Notes

References

63D1-63D2

(Casci et al., 1999, Hacohen, 1997.12.23)

63D1-63D2

(determined by in situ hybridisation)

(Hacohen, 1995.4.13)

Experimentally Determined Recombination Data

Location

3-8

(FlyBase, 2016)

3-6.9

(Comeron et al., 2012)

Left of (cM)

Right of (cM)

Notes

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (14)

Aberrations including deletions of this gene Aberrations including duplications of this gene

Bloomington

31515

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01071}attP2

31516

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.JF01072}attP2

37183

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}sty^MI03357

53064

y¹ w^*; Mi{MIC}sty^MI07014

6382

w^*; sty^Δ5/TM3, Sb¹ P{35UZ}2

23327

y¹ w^67c23; Mi{ET1}sty^MB01515

20670

y¹ w^67c23; P{EPgy2}sty^EY11239

Kyoto

104304

w^*; P{GawB}sty^NP2736 / TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

VDRC

v330208

P{VSH330208}attP40

v6948

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1156}v6948/TM3

v318034

PBac{fTRG00108.sfGFP-TVPTBF}VK00033

v342441

P{hsFLP}1, y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; P{HD_CFD01335}attP40/CyO-GFP

More stocks available...

Genomic Clones (22)

Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

cDNA Clones (196)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

RH67029

Other clones

FI21429

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

FBgn0014388

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0014388

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

38424

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

polyclonal

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

Commercially Available Antibodies

Other Information

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database identify of

Source for identity of: sty CG1921

(Kodira, 1999.11)

Source for database merge of

Additional comments

Other Comments

sty is an inhibitor of Ras pathway signal transduction. It is a potent inhibitor of Egfr signaling in the eye, where it is important for cell determination.

(Casci et al., 1999)

sty acts as an antagonist of EGF as well as FGF signalling pathways.

(Kramer et al., 1999)

Loss of sty in the eye imaginal discs results in transformations of cone cell to R7 and mystery cells to outer photoreceptors. Loss of sty in the embryonic chordotonal organ precursors and embryonic midline glia results in supernumerary neurons, or supernumerary glia, respectively. Overexpression results in phenotypes that resemble loss of function Egfr phenotypes.

(Kramer et al., 1999)

The sty gene product acts as a general inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinase activity, inhibiting htl and Egfr signalling as well as btl signalling.

(Reich et al., 1999)

sty acts nonautonomously in the tracheal tip cells to inhibit induction of nearby stalk cells.

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

sty mutations cause ectopic branches to form on the stalks of primary branches in the tracheal system.

(Hacohen et al., 1998)

In sty mutants twice the wild type number of terminal branches form. These arise from a doubling in the number of terminal cells, these extra terminal cells arise from a fate transformation of neighbouring tracheal cells.

(Hacohen and Krasnow, 1995)

Origin and Etymology

Discoverer

Etymology

Identification

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 47 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

38424

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.

UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.

O44783

UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

O44783

Other crossreferences

AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.

O44783

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones

FBgn0014388

DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species

38424/tissue=All

EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species

FBgn0014388

Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.

sty_1
sty_2

FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array

FBgn0014388

FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data

FBgn0014388

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG1921

Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut

FBgn0014388

FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.

FBgn0014388

GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents

38424

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Sprouty

KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.

Dmel_CG1921

MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)

38424

modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project

FBgn0014388

SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.

O44783

Linkouts

BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.

63919

DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.

FBgn0014388

DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens

FBgn0014388

FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel

FBGN0014388

FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics

FBgn0014388

Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution

Interactive Fly

KEGG Pathways - Wiring diagrams of molecular interactions, reactions and relations.

MAPK signaling pathway - fly

MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database

Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG1921

(Metwally et al., 2019, Meadows, 2017.1.11, Lu et al., 2016, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2008, Quinones-Coello, 2007)

CS3-3

(Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)

STY

(Slack et al., 2010)

Spry

(Mason et al., 2006, Kim and Bar-Sagi, 2004, Shilo, 2003, Freeman, 2002)

Sry

(Affolter and Shilo, 2000, Leevers, 1999)

Sty

(Metwally et al., 2019, Sopko et al., 2015, Mbodj et al., 2013, Oishi et al., 2009, Duchek et al., 2001)

dSPRY

(Wong et al., 2001)

sprouty

(Tavares et al., 2021, Sun et al., 2020)

spry

(Peterson and Krasnow, 2015, Jarvis et al., 2006, Cabernard and Affolter, 2005, Iwanami et al., 2005, Bruckner et al., 2004, Ghabrial et al., 2003, Iwanami et al., 2002, Kumar and Moses, 2001, Kumar and Moses, 2001, Toering and Krasnow, 2001, Taguchi et al., 2000, Zelzer and Shilo, 2000, Kramer et al., 1999, Llimargas, 1999, Reich et al., 1999, Bergmann et al., 1998, Hacohen et al., 1998, Hiromi et al., 1998)

sty

(Ariss et al., 2020, Cho et al., 2020, Laurichesse and Soler, 2020, Yanagawa et al., 2020, Best, 2019, Tsai et al., 2019, Wittes and Schüpbach, 2019, Ariss et al., 2018, Croset et al., 2018, Ashton-Beaucage and Therrien, 2017, Osterfield et al., 2017, Dollar et al., 2016, Lu et al., 2016, Malartre, 2016, Sarov et al., 2016, Wani et al., 2016, Dequéant et al., 2015, Ahmad et al., 2014, Lee et al., 2014, Valentine et al., 2014, Caviglia and Luschnig, 2013, Fregoso Lomas et al., 2013, Shen et al., 2013, Webber et al., 2013, Butchar et al., 2012, Simakov et al., 2012, Cherbas et al., 2011, Friedman et al., 2011, Sen et al., 2011, Takemura and Adachi-Yamada, 2011, Ho et al., 2010, Dworkin et al., 2009, Lachance et al., 2009, Nicholson et al., 2009, Rhiner et al., 2009, Wheeler et al., 2009, Zartman et al., 2009, Franciscovich et al., 2008, Miura et al., 2008, Ni et al., 2008, Xi et al., 2008, Isogai et al., 2007, Kankel et al., 2007, Quinones-Coello, 2007, Sandmann et al., 2007, Zeitlinger et al., 2007, Zeitouni et al., 2007, Brown et al., 2006, Charroux et al., 2006, Oishi et al., 2006, Gim et al., 2001)

Name Synonyms

Calcineurin suppressor, chromosome 3, group 3

(Sullivan and Rubin, 2002)

Sprouty

(Lusk et al., 2017, Muha and Müller, 2013, Zettl et al., 2011, Srahna et al., 2006, Anonymous, 2005, Dutta et al., 2005, Iwanami et al., 2005, Firth and Baker, 2003, Borland et al., 2001, Gim et al., 2001, Baek and Lee, 1999)

dSprouty

(Sasaki et al., 2001)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

Datasets (8)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (8)

Result

Result Type

Title

scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_NI_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of hemocytes from non-infested third instar larvae

scRNAseq_2020_Cattenoz_WI_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of hemocytes from wasp-infested third instar larvae

scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI72LG_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 72 h after egg-laying

scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96LG_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying

scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120LG_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying

scRNAseq_2020_Cho_WI96LG_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of lymph gland cells from wasp-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying

scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI96HL_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 96 h after egg-laying

scRNAseq_2020_Cho_NI120HL_seq_clustering

cell clustering analysis

Clustering analysis of circulating hemocytes from non-infested larvae at 120 h after egg-laying

References (212)

The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.

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