FB2021_02, released April 13, 2021

Gene: Dmel\flfl

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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\flfl
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
falafel
Annotation Symbol
CG9351
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0024555
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
18 publicly available
Gene Summary
falafel (flfl) encodes the regulatory 3 subunit of protein phosphatase 4 (PP4). It targets PP4 to the centromere to regulate kinetochore integrity in mitosis. It is also a key mediator for the localization of the product of mira and associated cell fate determinants during cell cycle. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

PP4R3, l(3)L4179

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
87F10-87F11
Sequence location
3R:13,683,921..13,693,905 [+]
Recombination map
3-54
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:13683921..13693905
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
GO Summary Ribbons
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (8 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables protein binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:mira; FB:FBgn0021776
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in asymmetric neuroblast division
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
involved_in basal protein localization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
involved_in DNA repair
inferred from mutant phenotype
(assigned by UniProt )
(Gingras et al., 2005)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Cellular Component (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in chromosome, centromeric region
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Cenp-C; FB:FBgn0266916
(Lipinszki et al., 2015)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
part_of protein phosphatase 4 complex
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Martin-Granados et al., 2008)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the SMEK family. (Q9VFS5)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
falafel (flfl) encodes the regulatory 3 subunit of protein phosphatase 4 (PP4). It targets PP4 to the centromere to regulate kinetochore integrity in mitosis. It is also a key mediator for the localization of the product of mira and associated cell fate determinants during cell cycle. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Regulatory subunit of serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4. The probable PP4 complex Pp4-19C-PPP4R2r-flfl (PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3) is required to prevent caspase induced cell death (in vitro). May be involved in DNA damage repair. Key mediator specific for the localization of mira and associated cell fate determinants during both interphase and mitosis. Nuclear Flfl is required to exclude mira/pros from the nucleus when inefficiently bound to the cytoskeleton/cortex, whereas cytosolic or membrane-associated flfl is required for the cortical association and asymmetric localization of mira/pros/brat/stau at metaphase and anaphase.
(UniProt, Q9VFS5)
Summary (Interactive Fly)

Protein Phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit - regulatory of neuroblast asymmetric divisions a key mediator specific for the asymmetric localization of Miranda and associated cell fate determinants during both interphase and mitosis

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
2

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\flfl for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Comments on Gene Model

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 5.47

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.55

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene
gene_with_edited_transcript
(Rodriguez et al., 2012)
nuclear_gene
protein_coding_gene
Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
flfl-RB
FBtr0082817
NM_169548
3788
980
flfl-RD
FBtr0114604
NM_142047
5618
973
flfl-RE
FBtr0344783
NM_169549
3888
980
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
RefSeq ID
GenBank
flfl-PB
FBpp0082285
109.3
980
4.42
NP_731849
AAN13587
flfl-PD
FBpp0113096
108.6
973
4.40
NP_650304
AAF54974
flfl-PE
FBpp0311112
109.3
980
4.42
NP_731850
AAN13588
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

980 aa isoforms: flfl-PB, flfl-PE
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits. Probably part of a PP4 PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3 complex containing Pp4-19C, PPP4R2r and flfl. Interacts with mira.

(UniProt, Q9VFS5)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\flfl using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Expression Summary Ribbons
Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.
For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.
Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in chromosome, centromeric region
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Cenp-C; FB:FBgn0266916
(Lipinszki et al., 2015)
located_in cytoplasm
inferred from direct assay
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
part_of protein phosphatase 4 complex
inferred from direct assay
(assigned by UniProt )
(Martin-Granados et al., 2008)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\flfl in GBrowse 2
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 13 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 18 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of flfl
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of flfl
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 2 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 2 )
Gene not disrupted in
Df(3R)red3l
(Spradling et al., 1999)
Gene disrupted in
Df(3R)Exel6170
(Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
Inferred from location ( 0 )
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Download All OrthoDB Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Hsap\PPP4R3B
14 of 15
Yes
Yes
Hsap\PPP4R3A
13 of 15
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\PPP4R3C
6 of 15
No
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (5)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
Isobase
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
RoundUp
TreeFam
ZFIN
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Mmus\Ppp4r3a
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Ppp4r3b
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Mmus\4930415L06Rik
7 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\4932429P05Rik
7 of 15
No
Yes
Mmus\Ppp4r3c-ps
2 of 15
No
Yes
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (7)
Rnor\Ppp4r3b
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Ppp4r3a
8 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\Ppp4r3c
3 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\LOC100909486
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\RGD1562980
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\RGD1563554
2 of 13
No
Yes
Rnor\RGD1563978
2 of 13
No
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (2)
Xtro\ppp4r3b
13 of 12
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ppp4r3a
8 of 12
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
Drer\smek1
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Drer\ppp4r3b
5 of 15
No
Yes
Drer\LOC103911969
1 of 15
No
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\smk-1
13 of 15
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
Atha\AT3G06670
8 of 9
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT5G49390
5 of 9
No
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\PSY2
11 of 15
Yes
Yes
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\SPBC216.01c
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG0919031X )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
AAA Syntenic Ortholog
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Drosophila suzukii
Spotted wing Drosophila
Dsuz\DS10_00012441
Drosophila simulans
Dsim\GD18920
Drosophila sechellia
Dsec\GM24121
Drosophila erecta
Dere\GG19779
Drosophila yakuba
Dyak\GE26288
Drosophila ananassae
Dana\GF16873
Drosophila pseudoobscura pseudoobscura
Dpse\GA21721
Drosophila persimilis
Dper\GL23081
Drosophila willistoni
Dwil\GK14191
Drosophila virilis
Dvir\GJ14469
Drosophila mojavensis
Dmoj\GI23156
Drosophila grimshawi
Dgri\GH14264
Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091501SL )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Musca domestica
House fly
Mdoa\17018061
Glossina morsitans
Tsetse fly
Gmor\GMOY008380
Lucilia cuprina
Australian sheep blowfly
Lcup\FF38_02387
Mayetiola destructor
Hessian fly
Mdes\Mdes000996
Aedes aegypti
Yellow fever mosquito
Aaeg\AAEL013334
Anopheles darlingi
American malaria mosquito
Adar\ADAC003079
Anopheles gambiae
Malaria mosquito
Agam\AGAP003402
Culex quinquefasciatus
Southern house mosquito
Cqui\CPIJ006330
Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090W01T1 )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Bombyx mori
Silkmoth
Bmor\BGIBMGA005022
Danaus plexippus
Monarch butterfly
Dple\DPOGS211299-PA
Heliconius melpomene
Postman butterfly
Hmel\HMEL005290
Apis florea
Little honeybee
Aflo\2420216164
Apis mellifera
Western honey bee
Amel\flfl
Bombus impatiens
Common eastern bumble bee
Bimp\BIMP12375
Bombus terrestris
Buff-tailed bumblebee
Bter\15216756
Linepithema humile
Argentine ant
Lhum\LH22367
Megachile rotundata
Alfalfa leafcutting bee
Mrot\MROTU:002737
Nasonia vitripennis
Parasitic wasp
Nvit\Nasvi2EG013107
Dendroctonus ponderosae
Mountain pine beetle
Dpod\YQE_04111
Tribolium castaneum
Red flour beetle
Tcas\TC009066
Pediculus humanus
Human body louse
Phum\PHUM546570
Rhodnius prolixus
Kissing bug
Rpro\RPRC010070
Cimex lectularius
Bed bug
Clec\CLEC009601
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Pea aphid
Apim\ACYPI000271
Zootermopsis nevadensis
Nevada dampwood termite
Znev\Znev_10166
Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG090X01QS )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strigamia maritima
European centipede
Smar\SMAR010248
Ixodes scapularis
Black-legged tick
Isca\ISCW015144
Stegodyphus mimosarum
African social velvet spider
Smim\KFM68154.1
Tetranychus urticae
Two-spotted spider mite
Turt\tetur01g02560
Daphnia pulex
Water flea
Dpux\DAPPUDRAFT_62030
Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091G02OO )
Organism
Common Name
Gene
Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus
Purple sea urchin
Spur\Sp-Smekh1
Ciona intestinalis
Vase tunicate
Cint\ENSCING00000004857
Gallus gallus
Domestic chicken
Ggal\SMEK1
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)
No records found.
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Model Summary Ribbon
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    PPP4R3B; protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3B
    14 of 15
    610352
        PPP4R3A; protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3A
        13 of 15
        610351
             
            PPP4R3C; protein phosphatase 4 regulatory subunit 3C
            6 of 15
                Functional Complementation Data
                Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                Interactions
                Summary of Physical Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                Show neighbor-neighbor interactions:
                Select Layout:
                Legend:
                Protein
                RNA
                Selected Interactor(s)
                Interactions Browser
                View in Interactions Browser
                Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                RNA-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                flfl - stau
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, partial DNA sequence identification by hybridization, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation
                (Laver et al., 2013)
                protein-protein
                Physical Interaction
                Assay
                References
                flfl - CG6664
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                flfl - CG8478
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - Cenp-C
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, peptide massfingerprinting, peptide array, western blot, x-ray crystallography, pull down, autoradiography, molecular sieving, molecular weight estimation by staining
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                flfl - Cnb
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - Grip75
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - Incenp
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - Nipsnap
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - PPP4R2r
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                flfl - Pp4-19C
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                flfl - Prp16
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - Psc
                pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry, autoradiography
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - RfC4
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - Zw10
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - Zwilch
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - lic
                pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry, autoradiography
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - mira
                pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid, autoradiography
                (Karman et al., 2020, Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
                flfl - mtgo
                anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting
                (Lipinszki et al., 2015)
                flfl - sowah
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - spn-A
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - stwl
                pull down, Identification by mass spectrometry, autoradiography
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                flfl - γTub23C
                pull down, autoradiography, Identification by mass spectrometry
                (Karman et al., 2020)
                Summary of Genetic Interactions
                esyN Network Diagram
                esyN Network Key:
                Suppression
                Enhancement
                View in Interactions Browser
                Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Starting gene(s)
                Interaction type
                Interacting gene(s)
                Reference
                Cln3
                suppressible
                flfl
                (Tuxworth et al., 2011)
                pbl
                suppressible
                flfl
                (Gregory et al., 2007)
                External Data
                Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
                Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) occurs in different assemblies of the catalytic and one or more regulatory subunits. Probably part of a PP4 PPP4C-PPP4R2-PPP4R3 complex containing Pp4-19C, PPP4R2r and flfl. Interacts with mira.
                (UniProt, Q9VFS5 )
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                Pathways
                Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                Metabolic Pathways
                External Data
                Linkouts
                Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                Chromosome (arm)
                3R
                Recombination map
                3-54
                Cytogenetic map
                87F10-87F11
                Sequence location
                3R:13,683,921..13,693,905 [+]
                FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Evidence for location
                87F10-87F11
                Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}B52s2249&P{lacW}flflL4179 and P{PZ}flfl01949
                Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                Cytogenetic map
                Notes
                References
                87F7-87F8
                (determined by in situ hybridisation)
                (Spradling et al., 1999)
                87F7-87F8
                (BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)
                Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                Location

                3-54

                (FlyBase, 2016)

                3-51.1

                (Comeron et al., 2012)
                Left of (cM)
                Right of (cM)
                Notes
                Stocks and Reagents
                Stocks (18)
                Genomic Clones (18)
                 

                Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                cDNA Clones (137)
                 

                Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see GBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                BDGP DGC clones
                Other clones
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                  For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                  cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                  BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                  RNAi and Array Information
                  Linkouts
                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                  GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                  Antibody Information
                  Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                   

                  polyclonal

                  (Lipinszki et al., 2015, Sousa-Nunes et al., 2009)
                  Commercially Available Antibodies
                   
                  Other Information
                  Relationship to Other Genes
                  Source for database identify of
                  Source for database merge of

                  Source for merge of: flfl CG9351

                  (FlyBase, 1996-)
                  Additional comments

                  Source for merge of sec13 BEST:CK00043 was sequence comparison ( date:030820 ).

                  (FlyBase, 1996-)
                  Other Comments

                  S2 cells treated with dsRNA generated against this gene show reduced phagocytosis of Candida albicans compared to untreated cells.

                  (Stroschein-Stevenson et al., 2006)
                  Origin and Etymology
                  Discoverer
                  Etymology
                  Identification
                  External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 45 )
                  Sequence Crossreferences
                  NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                  GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                  GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                  RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                  UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                  UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                  Other crossreferences
                  BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                  Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                  Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                  Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                  Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                  GenomeRNAi - A database for cell-based and in vivo RNAi phenotypes and reagents
                  InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                  KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                  modMine - A data warehouse for the modENCODE project
                  Linkouts
                  BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                  DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                  FLIGHT - Cell culture data for RNAi and other high-throughput technologies
                  FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                  FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                  FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                  Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                  InterologFinder - Protein-protein interactions (PPI) from both known and predicted PPI data sets.
                  MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                  Synonyms and Secondary IDs (8)
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