FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
Gene: Dmel\cathD
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\cathD
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
cathepsin D
Annotation Symbol
CG1548
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0029093
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
12 publicly available
Gene Summary
cathD (cathD) encodes a protein involved in apoptosis and the defense response to Gram-negative bacteria. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-19] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

CTSD

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
43E18-43E18
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-57
RefSeq locus
NT_033778 REGION:7815339..7823569
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (7 terms)
Molecular Function (1 term)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables aspartic-type endopeptidase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001461, InterPro:IPR001969, InterPro:IPR012848
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002492107
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apoptotic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Myllykangas et al., 2005)
involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Berkey et al., 2009)
involved_in nurse cell apoptotic process
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bass et al., 2009)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in apoptotic process
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002671473
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in proteolysis
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR001461, InterPro:IPR001969, InterPro:IPR012848
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002492107
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Karlsson et al., 2004)
located_in lysosome
inferred from direct assay
(Eissenberg et al., 2011)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in lysosome
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002671475
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
cathD (cathD) encodes a protein involved in apoptosis and the defense response to Gram-negative bacteria. [Date last reviewed: 2019-09-19]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
A1 ASPARTIC ENDOPEPTIDASES -
A1 aspartic endopeptidases belong to MEROPS family A1, most of which are most active at acidic pH.. They catalyse the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile.
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
3
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\cathD for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q7K485)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.49

Gene model reviewed during 6.13

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
cathD-RA
FBtr0088898
NM_143756
1396
392
cathD-RB
FBtr0452079
NM_001347752
1412
392
cathD-RC
FBtr0452080
NM_001347753
1784
392
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
cathD-PA
FBpp0087972
42.5
392
6.25
Q7K485
NP_652013
AAF59186
cathD-PB
FBpp0402839
42.5
392
6.25
Q7K485
NP_001334713
API64960
cathD-PC
FBpp0402840
42.5
392
6.25
Q7K485
NP_001334714
API64961
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

392 aa isoforms: cathD-PA, cathD-PB, cathD-PC
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\cathD using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.40

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage
epithelial cell

Comment: excluded from apical cytoplasm

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)
epithelium

Comment: excluded from apical cytoplasm

(Lecuyer et al., 2007)
embryonic stage 1 -- 3
organism | ubiquitous

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 4 -- 6
organism | intense | ubiquitous

Comment: apically cleared

(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 7 -- 8
antennal anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual anlage

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm anlage

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior endoderm anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
head mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
hindgut anlage
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 9 -- 10
amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
antennal primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
central brain primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
visual primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
dorsal head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral head epidermis primordium

Comment: reported as procephalic ectoderm primordium

(Fisher et al., 2012)
anterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
inclusive hindgut primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | intense | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
posterior endoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
trunk mesoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral ectoderm
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 11 -- 12
central brain primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic neuroblast of ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
lateral cord neuron
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
procephalic neuroblast
(Fisher et al., 2012)
ventral nerve cord primordium
(Fisher et al., 2012)
yolk nucleus
(Fisher et al., 2012)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
amnioserosa
(Fisher et al., 2012)
organism | ubiquitous
(Fisher et al., 2012)
yolk nucleus
(Fisher et al., 2012)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
day 7 of adulthood -- day 49 of adulthood
adult heart
(Cammarato et al., 2011)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in extracellular region
inferred from high throughput direct assay
(Karlsson et al., 2004)
located_in lysosome
inferred from direct assay
(Eissenberg et al., 2011)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\cathD in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 7-8
  • Stages(s) 9-10
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 6 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 13 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of cathD
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of cathD
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 4 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (10)
Hsap\CTSD
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
3  
Hsap\CTSE
8 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\NAPSA
8 of 14
No
Yes
Hsap\REN
7 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PGA3
6 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PGA4
6 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PGA5
6 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PGC
5 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BACE1
2 of 14
No
No
6  
Hsap\BACE2
2 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (9)
Rnor\Ctsd
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Ctse
8 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Napsa
8 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Ren
7 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Cym
6 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pga5
5 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pgc
5 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Bace1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Bace2
2 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (10)
Mmus\Ctsd
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Ctse
8 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Napsa
8 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Cym
6 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pga5
6 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ren1
6 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ren2
6 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Pgc
5 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Bace1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Bace2
2 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (21)
Xtro\LOC101733630
10 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\ctsd
8 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\napsa
7 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\LOC613063
6 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ren
6 of 13
No
No
Xtro\ctse
4 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\mgc108380
4 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pgc-like.1
4 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100489782
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100493461
3 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\pga4
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pgc
3 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC101735147
2 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\bace1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\bace2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC101732307
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\mtmr10
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sbk3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sp1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tle2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\XB964428
1 of 13
No
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (6)
Drer\ctsd
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\napsa
12 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\ren
7 of 14
No
No
Drer\nots
6 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\bace2
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\bace1
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (19)
Cele\asp-4
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\asp-3
8 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\asp-1
6 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-9
6 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\asp-15
6 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-16
6 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-17
6 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-18
6 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-2
5 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\asp-5
5 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-6
5 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-7
5 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-8
5 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-12
5 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-13
5 of 14
No
No
Cele\hrg-7
5 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\asp-14
4 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\asp-19
4 of 14
No
No
Cele\asp-11
1 of 14
No
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003277
10 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (70)
Atha\APA1
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G62290
13 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT4G04460
12 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G69100
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G22050
6 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G02740
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G01300
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G05840
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G08210
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G31450
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G64830
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G79720
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT2G17760
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G28040
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G28220
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G35615
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT2G36670
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G50050
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G51350
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G51360
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G52500
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT3G54400
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G16563
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G30040
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G07030
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G10080
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G10760
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT5G10770
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT5G22850
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G43100
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G45120
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CDR1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\NANA
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\ASPG1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G03220
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G03230
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT1G09750
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G25510
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G44130
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G49050
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G65240
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G66180
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT1G77480
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G03200
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G23945
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G28010
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G28030
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G39710
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G42980
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G20015
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G25700
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G42550
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G51330
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G51340
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G59080
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G61820
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G04985
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G30030
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G33490
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G35880
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G19100
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT5G19110
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT5G19120
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT5G24820
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G36260
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G37540
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G48430
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\HINT4
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PCS1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\UND
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (9)
Scer\PEP4
12 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\BAR1
4 of 13
No
No
Scer\MKC7
4 of 13
No
No
Scer\YPS1
4 of 13
No
No
Scer\YPS3
4 of 13
No
No
Scer\YPS6
4 of 13
No
No
Scer\YGL258W-A
2 of 13
No
Yes
Scer\YPS5
2 of 13
No
Yes
Scer\YPS7
2 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (2)
Spom\sxa1
6 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\yps1
5 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:cathD. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (12)
CG5863
10 of 13
CG10104
10 of 13
CG17134
10 of 13
Bace
9 of 13
CG6508
9 of 13
CG33128
9 of 13
CG5860
8 of 13
CG31928
8 of 13
Pgcl
8 of 13
CG17283
7 of 13
CG31661
7 of 13
CG31926
7 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 1 )
Allele
Disease
Evidence
References
cathD1
model of  neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
CEA
(Myllykangas et al., 2005)
CEC
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Human Ortholog
Disease
Evidence
References
CTSD; cathepsin D
model of  neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 10
IEA
(FlyBase, 2019-)
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 2 )
Allele
Disease
Interaction
References
cathD1
model of  neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
is exacerbated by schlankG0061
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
is exacerbated by shi1
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
is exacerbated by Trxr1G0481
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
is exacerbated by HmgcrUAS.cvDa
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
is exacerbated by Hsc70-4L3929
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
is exacerbated by mTorWT.UAS.Tag:FLAG
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
is exacerbated by CtsBPG148
(Kuronen et al., 2009)
exacerbates  tauopathy
modeled by Hsap\MAPTR406W.UAS
(Khurana et al., 2010)
cathDUAS.cUa
ameliorates  tauopathy
modeled by Hsap\MAPTGMR.Ex.PJ
(Bakhoum et al., 2014)
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
CTSD; cathepsin D
14 of 14
CATHEPSIN D; CTSD
 
CTSE; cathepsin E
8 of 14
116890
       
      NAPSA; napsin A aspartic peptidase
      8 of 14
      605631
          REN; renin
          7 of 14
          179820
          PGA3; pepsinogen A3
          6 of 14
          169710
              PGA4; pepsinogen A4
              6 of 14
              169720
                  PGA5; pepsinogen A5
                  6 of 14
                  169730
                      PGC; progastricsin
                      5 of 14
                      169740
                          Functional Complementation Data
                          Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
                          Interactions
                          Summary of Physical Interactions
                          Interaction Browsers
                          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                          Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details
                          protein-protein
                          Physical Interaction
                          Assay
                          References
                          cathD - Akt
                          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                          cathD - CCT3
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - CCT6
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - CG5854
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Cnx99A
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - CtsL1
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Cyp12d1-p
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Droj2
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Gfat2
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Gp93
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Hel25E
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Ldh
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - MED4
                          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, peptide massfingerprinting, experimental knowledge based
                          (Rhee et al., 2014)
                          cathD - Mcad
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Mec2
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Nfs1
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Ost1
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Pdk1
                          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                          cathD - Rab5
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - S6k
                          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                          cathD - SERCA
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - ScsβA
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - ScsβG
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - Tapδ
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - UQCR-C2
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          cathD - sima
                          anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry
                          (Vinayagam et al., 2016)
                          cathD - wal
                          experimental knowledge based
                          (Guruharsha et al., 2011)
                          Summary of Genetic Interactions
                          Interaction Browsers
                          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
                          Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
                          Starting gene(s)
                          Interaction type
                          Interacting gene(s)
                          Reference
                          cathD
                          enhanceable
                          CtsB
                          (Kuronen et al., 2009)
                          cathD
                          enhanceable
                          Hmgcr
                          (Kuronen et al., 2009)
                          cathD
                          enhanceable
                          Hsc70-4
                          (Kuronen et al., 2009)
                          cathD
                          enhanceable
                          mTor
                          (Kuronen et al., 2009)
                          cathD
                          enhanceable
                          schlank
                          (Kuronen et al., 2009)
                          cathD
                          enhanceable
                          shi
                          (Kuronen et al., 2009)
                          cathD
                          enhanceable
                          Trxr1
                          (Kuronen et al., 2009)
                          Starting gene(s)
                          Interaction type
                          Interacting gene(s)
                          Reference
                          External Data
                          Linkouts
                          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                          MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                          Pathways
                          Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
                          Metabolic Pathways
                          FlyBase
                          External Links
                          External Data
                          Linkouts
                          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                          Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                          Class of Gene
                          Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
                          Chromosome (arm)
                          2R
                          Recombination map
                          2-57
                          Cytogenetic map
                          43E18-43E18
                          Sequence location
                          FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
                          Cytogenetic map
                          Evidence for location
                          43E18-43E18
                          Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CanB2EP774 and P{lacW}lin19k01207&P{lacW}rnh1k07624
                          Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
                          Cytogenetic map
                          Notes
                          References
                          43E15-43E18
                          (Page-McCaw, 1999.12.28)
                          Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
                          Location

                          2-57

                          (FlyBase, 2016)

                          2-57.2

                          (Comeron et al., 2012)
                          Left of (cM)
                          Right of (cM)
                          Notes
                          Stocks and Reagents
                          Stocks (12)
                          Genomic Clones (15)
                           

                          Please Note FlyBase no longer curates genomic clone accessions so this list may not be complete

                          cDNA Clones (122)
                           

                          Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

                          cDNA clones, fully sequenced
                          BDGP DGC clones
                            Other clones
                              Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                              For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                              cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                              BDGP DGC clones
                                Other clones
                                  RNAi and Array Information
                                  Linkouts
                                  DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                                  Antibody Information
                                  Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                                   

                                  polyclonal

                                  (Morrow et al., 2016, Kinser and Dolph, 2012, Eissenberg et al., 2011)
                                  Commercially Available Antibodies
                                   
                                  Cell Line Information
                                  Publicly Available Cell Lines
                                   
                                    Other Stable Cell Lines
                                     
                                      Other Comments

                                      Loss of cathD leads to caspase activation and cleavage of tau at Asp-421.

                                      (Khurana et al., 2010)
                                      Relationship to Other Genes
                                      Source for database merge of

                                      Source for merge of: cathD CG1548

                                      (Bayraktaroglu, 2000.8.7)
                                      Additional comments
                                      Nomenclature History
                                      Source for database identify of
                                      Nomenclature comments
                                      Etymology
                                      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (11)
                                      Reported As
                                      Symbol Synonym
                                      CATH
                                      (Vierstraete et al., 2004)
                                      CG1548
                                      (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Çiçek et al., 2016, Rosa-Ferreira et al., 2015, Cammarato et al., 2011, Eissenberg et al., 2011, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Hughes et al., 2008, Juhász et al., 2007, Lecuyer et al., 2007, Myllykangas et al., 2005, Karlsson et al., 2004, Vierstraete et al., 2004, Pile et al., 2003, Vierstraete et al., 2003, Fulton et al., 2001)
                                      CT3996
                                      (Ceriani et al., 2002)
                                      CTSD
                                      (Ye et al., 2020, Eissenberg et al., 2011)
                                      CathD
                                      (Meyer et al., 2024, Habernig et al., 2021, Ayala et al., 2018, Valsecchi et al., 2018, Kutscher and Shaham, 2017, Xia et al., 2016, Appocher et al., 2014, Ling et al., 2014, Kinser and Dolph, 2012, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Cullen et al., 2009, Scherzer et al., 2003)
                                      T17
                                      (Vierstraete et al., 2004)
                                      cathD
                                      (Nedachi et al., 2025, Samson et al., 2025, Hall et al., 2021, Jacomin et al., 2021, Liang et al., 2021, Rigon et al., 2021, Park et al., 2020, Zhang et al., 2020, Hall et al., 2019, Meltzer, 2019-, Meltzer et al., 2019, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Lund et al., 2018, Marcogliese et al., 2017, Napoletano et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Kuleesha et al., 2016, Mao et al., 2016, Dent et al., 2015, Wangler et al., 2015, Kwon et al., 2013, O'Sullivan et al., 2013, Sen et al., 2013, Sen et al., 2013, Thomae et al., 2013, Yacobi-Sharon et al., 2013, Gurudatta et al., 2012, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Luan et al., 2012, Malone et al., 2012, Friedman et al., 2011, Khurana et al., 2010, Bass et al., 2009, Dworkin et al., 2009, Kuronen et al., 2009, Juhász et al., 2007, Langille and Clark, 2007, Lipatov et al., 2005, Myllykangas et al., 2005)
                                      Name Synonyms
                                      Cathepsin D
                                      (Haghi et al., 2020, Qin et al., 2020, Bakhoum et al., 2014, Kinser and Dolph, 2012, Luan et al., 2012, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Muñoz-Soriano and Paricio, 2011, Khurana et al., 2010, Bass et al., 2009, Berkey et al., 2009)
                                      Cathepsin-D
                                      (Ayala et al., 2018, Swetha et al., 2011)
                                      CathepsinD
                                      (Paiardi et al., 2017)
                                      cathD
                                      (Cammarato et al., 2011, Lipatov et al., 2005)
                                      cathepsin D
                                      (Zhang et al., 2020, Ling et al., 2014, Takáts et al., 2014, Tsakiri et al., 2013, Yacobi-Sharon et al., 2013, Kinser and Dolph, 2012, Ling and Salvaterra, 2011, Kuronen et al., 2009, Myllykangas et al., 2005, Scherzer et al., 2003, Wojcik and DeMartino, 2002)
                                      Secondary FlyBase IDs
                                      • FBgn0033227
                                      Datasets (0)
                                      Study focus (0)
                                      Experimental Role
                                      Project
                                      Project Type
                                      Title
                                      Study result (0)
                                      Result
                                      Result Type
                                      Title
                                      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 48 )
                                      Sequence Crossreferences
                                      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                                      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                                      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                                      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                                      UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                                      UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                                      Other crossreferences
                                      AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                                      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                                      DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                                      EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                                      FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                                      FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                                      InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                                      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                                      MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                                      Linkouts
                                      BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                                      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                                      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                                      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                                      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                                      FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                                      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                                      Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                                      FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                                      iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                                      KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                                      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                                      Reactome - An open-source, open access, manually curated and peer-reviewed pathway database.
                                      References (127)