FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\aux
Open Close
General Information
Symbol
Dmel\aux
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
auxilin
Annotation Symbol
CG1107
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0037218
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
21 publicly available
Enzyme Name (EC)
Gene Summary
auxilin (aux) encodes a co-factor for the ATPase Hsc70 that regulates Clathrin dynamics. It regulates Notch signaling, eye morphogenesis, sperm individualization and neuron death. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

auxillin, dAux

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
82A1-82A1
Sequence location
Recombination map
3-47.1
RefSeq locus
NT_033777 REGION:4211783..4227518
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (12 terms)
Molecular Function (4 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables AP-2 adaptor complex binding
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001121691
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables ATP binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables protein kinase activity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000719, InterPro:IPR008271
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables protein serine/threonine kinase activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000539981
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Biological Process (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in clathrin-dependent endocytosis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Kandachar et al., 2008)
involved_in compound eye morphogenesis
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Eun et al., 2008)
involved_in negative regulation of autophagosome assembly
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Wang et al., 2025)
involved_in sperm individualization
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Zhou et al., 2011)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001121691
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in regulation of clathrin-dependent endocytosis
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001121691
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in Golgi stack
inferred from direct assay
(Zhou et al., 2011)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
is_active_in cytoplasm
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000539981
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Catalytic Activity (EC/Rhea)
protein serine/threonine kinase activity
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
auxilin (aux) encodes a co-factor for the ATPase Hsc70 that regulates Clathrin dynamics. It regulates Notch signaling, eye morphogenesis, sperm individualization and neuron death. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
UNCLASSIFIED CONVENTIONAL PROTEIN KINASE DOMAIN KINASES -
This group comprises conventional protein kinase domain kinases that do not classify under other groups in FlyBase.
HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 40/DNAJ CO-CHAPERONES -
The Heat Shock Protein 40 (Hsp40) family of co-chaperones are essential factors in the Hsp70 chaperone cycle. The Hsp40 family is diverse in size and structure, but a number of them are about 40kDa and have been identified as products of heat shock genes. Their defining feature is the DnaJ or J-domain corresponding to the N-terminal 70 amino acids of the Escherichia coli co-chaperone DnaJ. (Adapted from FBrf0173155).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

serine/threonine protein kinase - a J-domain-containing protein that cooperates with Hsc70 in the disassembly of clathrin coats from clathrin-coated vesicles an integral component of the Notch signaling pathway, participating in the ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis of Delta in the signal receiving cell

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
4
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\aux for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q9VMY8)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Annotated transcripts do not represent all possible combinations of alternative exons and/or alternative promoters.

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Gene model reviewed during 5.48

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
aux-RA
FBtr0078965
NM_164317
4410
1165
aux-RB
FBtr0078966
NM_141181
4312
1165
aux-RC
FBtr0336705
NM_001275314
4276
1153
aux-RD
FBtr0336706
NM_001275315
4288
1157
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
aux-PA
FBpp0078604
127.9
1165
6.27
Q9VMY8
NP_730785
AAF52168
aux-PB
FBpp0078605
127.9
1165
6.27
Q9VMY8
NP_649438
AAF52169
aux-PC
FBpp0307686
126.7
1153
6.12
A0A0B4KG14
NP_001262243
AGB95626
aux-PD
FBpp0307687
127.1
1157
6.27
A0A0B4KF57
NP_001262244
AGB95627
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1165 aa isoforms: aux-PA, aux-PB
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\aux using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.69

Transcript Expression
Polypeptide Expression
mass spectroscopy
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
adult stage
adult head
(Aradska et al., 2015)
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in Golgi stack
inferred from direct assay
(Zhou et al., 2011)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\aux in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
Images
FlyExpress - Embryonic expression images (BDGP data)
  • Stages(s) 1-3
  • Stages(s) 4-6
  • Stages(s) 11-12
  • Stages(s) 13-16
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 33 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 40 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of aux
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of aux
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 13 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal (with aux727)
lethal (with auxD128)
lethal (with auxD136)
lethal (with auxF37)
lethal (with auxI670K)
lethal (with auxK47)
lethal (with auxL7)
lethal (with auxW328X)
lethal (with auxW1150X)
lethal (with Df(3R)ED5021)
lethal | cold sensitive (with auxK47)
lethal | cold sensitive (with auxL7)
lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with auxL78H)
lethal - all die before end of larval stage (with auxW328X)
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal - all die during embryonic stage
lethal - all die during embryonic stage, with auxW328X/auxL78H
lethal - all die during embryonic stage (with auxL78H), with auxΔJ.UAS.mRFP(Unk)
lethal - all die during embryonic stage (with auxW328X), with auxΔJ.UAS.mRFP(Unk)
lethal - all die during embryonic stage (with Df(3R)ED5021)
viable
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
viable (with auxD128)
viable (with auxD136)
viable (with auxK47)
Sterility
Allele
female sterile
female sterile, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR, Scer\GAL4VP16.otu, Scer\GAL4nanos.PG
male sterile
male sterile (with auxG257E)
male sterile (with auxI670K)
male sterile (with auxL78H)
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal chemosensory behavior | adult stage
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PU
abnormal locomotor behavior | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
abnormal neuroanatomy | maternal effect
abnormal neurophysiology | adult stage
abnormal neurophysiology | larval stage
decreased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
decreased cell number | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PU
decreased cell number | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
decreased cell number | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
decreased rate of adult locomotory behavior | progressive
decreased rate of adult locomotory behavior | progressive, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
increased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Delta-05151-G
increased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
increased cell number | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Su(H).GBE.cLa
increased cell number | adult stage | somatic clone
increased cell number | adult stage | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Delta-05151-G
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
increased occurrence of cell division | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Su(H).GBE.cLa
increased size | adult stage
short lived, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PU
short lived, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
some die during embryonic stage
some die during embryonic stage, with auxW328X/auxL78H
some die during embryonic stage (with auxL78H), with auxΔJ.UAS.mRFP(Unk)
some die during embryonic stage (with auxW328X), with auxΔJ.UAS.mRFP(Unk)
some die during embryonic stage (with Df(3R)ED5021)
some die during larval stage (with auxL78H)
some die during larval stage (with auxW328X)
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible
visible (with auxD128)
visible (with auxD136)
visible (with auxK47)
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult antennal lobe, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
adult dopaminergic neuron
adult dopaminergic neuron | decreased number, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
adult glial cell, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
adult glial cell | somatic clone
adult mushroom body
adult olfactory projection neuron
adult posterior midgut epithelium, with Scer\GAL4Delta-05151-G
adult posterior midgut epithelium, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
adult posterior midgut epithelium, with Scer\GAL4Su(H).GBE.cLa
adult posterior midgut epithelium | somatic clone
adult posterior midgut epithelium | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
anterior sternopleural bristle | ectopic
anterior sternopleural bristle | ectopic (with auxI670K)
anterior sternopleural bristle | ectopic (with auxW328X)
anterior sternopleural bristle | ectopic (with auxW1150X)
autolysosome | adult stage | increased number, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
autophagosome | adult stage | increased number, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
autophagosome | adult stage | increased number | somatic clone
cystic bulge (with auxG257E)
cystic bulge (with auxI670K)
cystic bulge (with auxL78H)
dopaminergic PPL1 neuron | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PU
dopaminergic PPM1 neuron | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PU
dopaminergic PPM1 neuron | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
dopaminergic PPM2 neuron | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4Ddc.PU
dopaminergic PPM2 neuron | adult stage | progressive, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4ple.PU
enteroblast of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
enteroblast of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number, with Scer\GAL4Su(H).GBE.cLa
enterocyte of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
enterocyte of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
eye
eye (with auxD128)
eye (with auxG257E)
eye (with auxI670K)
eye (with auxK47)
eye (with auxL7)
eye (with auxL78H)
eye (with auxW328X)
eye (with auxW1150X)
eye | heat sensitive
eye photoreceptor cell (with aux727)
eye photoreceptor cell (with auxD128)
eye photoreceptor cell (with auxD136)
eye photoreceptor cell (with auxK47)
eye photoreceptor cell (with auxL7)
eye photoreceptor cell | ectopic (with aux727)
eye photoreceptor cell | ectopic (with auxD128)
eye photoreceptor cell | ectopic (with auxK47)
eye photoreceptor cell | ectopic (with auxL7)
eye photoreceptor cell | increased number (with auxG257E)
eye photoreceptor cell | increased number (with auxI670K)
eye photoreceptor cell | increased number (with auxL78H)
individualization stage spermatid (with auxG257E)
individualization stage spermatid (with auxI670K)
individualization stage spermatid (with auxL78H)
inner photoreceptor cell | increased number
intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number, with Scer\GAL4Delta-05151-G
intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number, with Scer\GAL4NP5130
intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number | somatic clone
intestinal stem cell of posterior adult midgut epithelium | increased number | somatic clone, with Scer\GAL4Act.PU
larval ventral nerve cord | maternal effect
lysosome | adult stage | increased number, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
male germline stem cell (with auxG257E)
male germline stem cell (with auxI670K)
mitochondrial membrane | larval stage
NMJ bouton | larval stage
notopleural bristle | ectopic
notopleural bristle | ectopic (with auxI670K)
notopleural bristle | ectopic (with auxW328X)
notopleural bristle | ectopic (with auxW1150X)
olfactory receptor neuron
omegasome | adult stage | increased number, with Scer\GAL4repo.PU
ommatidial precursor cluster | somatic clone
ommatidium
ommatidium (with aux727)
ommatidium (with auxD128)
ommatidium (with auxK47)
ommatidium (with auxL7)
outer photoreceptor cell | increased number
posterior crossvein
posterior crossvein (with auxI670K)
posterior crossvein (with auxW328X)
posterior crossvein (with auxW1150X)
presumptive embryonic/larval peripheral nervous system | maternal effect
retina | adult stage
scutellar bristle | ectopic
scutellar bristle | ectopic (with auxI670K)
scutellar bristle | ectopic (with auxW328X)
scutellar bristle | ectopic (with auxW1150X)
scutellar bristle | increased number (with auxG257E)
scutellar bristle | increased number (with auxI670K)
scutellar bristle | increased number (with auxL78H)
sternopleural bristle | increased number (with auxG257E)
sternopleural bristle | increased number (with auxI670K)
sternopleural bristle | increased number (with auxL78H)
vibrissal bristle
vibrissal bristle (with auxI670K)
vibrissal bristle (with auxW328X)
vibrissal bristle (with auxW1150X)
wing (with auxC2)
wing (with auxD128)
wing (with auxK47)
wing (with auxL7)
wing blade (with auxD128)
wing blade (with auxD136)
wing blade (with auxK47)
wing vein
wing vein (with auxI670K)
wing vein (with auxW328X)
wing vein (with auxW1150X)
wing vein | ectopic
wing vein | ectopic (with auxC2)
wing vein | ectopic (with auxD128)
wing vein | ectopic (with auxK47)
wing vein | ectopic (with auxL7)
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (46)
Hsap\GAK
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
 
2  
Hsap\DNAJC6
12 of 14
No
Yes
1  
Hsap\AAK1
3 of 14
No
No
Hsap\BMP2K
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PTEN
2 of 14
No
No
103  
Hsap\TNS1
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TNS2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TNS3
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TPTE2
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\TPTE
2 of 14
No
No
Hsap\AURKA
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDC14A
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDC14B
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDC14C
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDC42BPG
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CDK2
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CDK15
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\CHEK1
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\CHEK2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MAP3K10
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\MARK1
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\MARK2
1 of 14
No
No
3  
Hsap\MARK3
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\MARK4
1 of 14
No
No
4  
Hsap\MYLK2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYLK3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\MYLK4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEK1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEK3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEK4
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEK5
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEK6
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEK7
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NEK8
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NIM1K
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\NUAK1
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\NUAK2
1 of 14
No
No
2  
Hsap\PAK2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\PTPDC1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\RPS6KA1
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SIK2
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\SIK3
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\STK16
1 of 14
No
No
Hsap\STK32A
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\STK36
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Hsap\TTK
1 of 14
No
No
1  
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (33)
Rnor\Gak
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Dnajc6
11 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Aak1
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Bmp2k
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Pten
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tns1
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tns3
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tpte2
2 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Aurka
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC300308
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC102551633
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\LOC102555239
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Mark2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Mark3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Melk
1 of 14
No
Yes
Rnor\Mylk2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Mylk3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nek1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nek3
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nek4
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nek5
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nek6
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nek7
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nek8
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nim1k
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Nuak1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\RGD1560718
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Rps6ka1
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Sik2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Stk16
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Stk36
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tns2
1 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Ttk
1 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (32)
Mmus\Gak
14 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Dnajc6
12 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Aak1
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Bmp2k
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Pten
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tns1
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tns2
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tns3
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tpte
2 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Aurka
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Aurkb
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Dusp23
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gm7168
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gm7356
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Gm7358
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Mark2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Mark3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Melk
1 of 14
No
Yes
Mmus\Mylk2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nek1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nek3
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nek4
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nek5
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nek7
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nek8
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nim1k
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Nuak1
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Sik2
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Smok2b
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Stk16
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Stk36
1 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Ttk
1 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (33)
Xtro\gak
8 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\dnajc6
7 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\yeats2
7 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\aak1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\aurka
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\bmp2k
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdc14b
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdk1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\cdk15
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\chek2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\dclk3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\dusp11.2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100486125
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100486333
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC100494322
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\LOC108645586
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\map3k10
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\mark1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\mark2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\mark4
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\melk
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\nek1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\nek5
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\nuak1
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pak2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\pten
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\sik3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\stk10
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\stk16
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tns2
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tns3
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\trpc3
1 of 13
No
Yes
Xtro\ttk
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (45)
Drer\gak
13 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\dnajc6
11 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\aak1b
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\bmp2k
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\aak1a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\tns1a
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\tns1b
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\tpte
2 of 14
No
No
Drer\cdc14ab
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cdc14b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\cdkl5
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\LOC107980443
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mark2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mark2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mark3a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mark3b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mark4b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\mylk4a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nek1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nek3
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nek4
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nek7
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nek8
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nek10
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\nek12
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nuak1a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\nuak1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\phkg1b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\pimr117
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pimr118
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pimr119
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pimr120
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pimr210
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\pimr212
1 of 14
No
Yes
Drer\plk1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ptena
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ptenb
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rps6ka1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\rps6ka2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\si:dkey-192d15.2
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\sik1
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\stk16
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tns2a
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\tns2b
1 of 14
No
No
Drer\ttk
1 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (19)
Cele\gakh-1
8 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\dnj-25
4 of 14
No
Yes
Cele\daf-18
2 of 14
No
No
Cele\air-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\cdk-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\D2045.7
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\F49C5.4
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\mnk-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\nekl-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\par-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\plk-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\rskn-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\rskn-2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\sel-5
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\T12B3.1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\T19D2.2
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\tns-1
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\unc-82
1 of 14
No
No
Cele\ZK524.4
1 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (21)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003715
12 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002469
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP009628
2 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000028
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000492
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001225
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001678
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP001752
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002075
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP002686
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP003174
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP005729
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006094
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006411
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP006746
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007855
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008341
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008708
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008735
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP011840
1 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP012064
1 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (32)
Atha\AT1G30280
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
Atha\AT1G21660
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT2G32850
3 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G12770
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G12780
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\JAC1
3 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT4G36520
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AUL1
2 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\PEN2
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\PEN3
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\PTEN1
2 of 13
No
No
Atha\AFH14
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT2G25050
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT3G10540
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT4G36515
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\AT5G07740
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AT5G58160
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AUR1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AUR2
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\AUR3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CDKB2;1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CIPK3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CIPK12
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CIPK18
1 of 13
No
Yes
Atha\CIPK19
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CIPK23
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\CIPK26
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\NEK1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PDK1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PK3
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\PPK1
1 of 13
No
No
Atha\YDA
1 of 13
No
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (16)
Scer\SWA2
4 of 13
Yes
Yes
Scer\AKL1
3 of 13
No
No
Scer\ARK1
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\PRK1
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\TEP1
2 of 13
No
No
Scer\CDC14
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\CMK1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\CMK2
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\ENV7
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\KIC1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\MPS1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\PKH1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\PKH2
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\PSK2
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\SNF1
1 of 13
No
No
Scer\TOS3
1 of 13
No
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (13)
Spom\ppk29
3 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\ppk30
3 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\ppk38
3 of 12
Yes
No
Spom\ucp7
3 of 12
Yes
Yes
Spom\ptn1
2 of 12
No
No
Spom\ark1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\clp1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\ksg1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\mph1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\plo1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\ppk1
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\ppk13
1 of 12
No
No
Spom\wis1
1 of 12
No
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:aux. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (18)
Nak
4 of 13
Pten
2 of 13
AMPKα
1 of 13
aurA
1 of 13
CaMKII
1 of 13
CG1227
1 of 13
KP78b
1 of 13
lok
1 of 13
MAPk-Ak2
1 of 13
Mps1
1 of 13
Nek2
1 of 13
Nuak
1 of 13
par-1
1 of 13
Pka-C3
1 of 13
png
1 of 13
PRL-1
1 of 13
Sik3
1 of 13
Snrk
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 )
Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 8 )
Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
Homo sapiens (Human)
Gene name
Score
OMIM
OMIM Phenotype
DO term
Complementation?
Transgene?
GAK; cyclin G associated kinase
14 of 14
CYCLIN G-ASSOCIATED KINASE; GAK
       
      DNAJC6; DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C6
      12 of 14
      DNAJ/HSP40 HOMOLOG, SUBFAMILY C, MEMBER 6; DNAJC6
       
      AAK1; AP2 associated kinase 1
      3 of 14
      616405
          Functional Complementation Data
          Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
          Dmel gene
          Ortholog showing functional complementation
          Supporting References
          aux
          Hsap\GAK
          (Zhang et al., 2023)
          Interactions
          Summary of Physical Interactions
          Summary of Genetic Interactions
          Interaction Browsers
          View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
          Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          aux
          suppressible
          Atg1
          (Zhang et al., 2023)
          aux
          suppressible
          Chc
          (Banks et al., 2011, Eun et al., 2008)
          aux
          suppressible
          Chc|lqf
          (Banks et al., 2011)
          aux
          enhanceable
          Clc
          (Hagedorn et al., 2006)
          aux
          suppressible
          Dsor1
          (Zhao et al., 2022)
          aux
          suppressible
          Egfr
          (Zhao et al., 2022)
          aux
          suppressible
          lqf
          (Banks et al., 2011)
          aux
          suppressible
          Ras85D
          (Zhao et al., 2022)
          aux
          suppressible
          rho
          (Zhao et al., 2022)
          aux
          suppressible
          rl
          (Zhao et al., 2022)
          aux
          suppressible
          Syx17
          (Zhang et al., 2023)
          aux
          suppressible
          Vamp7
          (Zhang et al., 2023)
          Starting gene(s)
          Interaction type
          Interacting gene(s)
          Reference
          Blos1
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Cheli et al., 2010, Cheli et al., 2010)
          g
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Cheli et al., 2010, Cheli et al., 2010)
          Hsc70-4
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Hagedorn et al., 2006)
          lqf
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Eun et al., 2007)
          N
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Hagedorn et al., 2006)
          or
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Cheli et al., 2010, Cheli et al., 2010)
          Rab32
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Cheli et al., 2010)
          rb
          enhanceable
          aux
          (Cheli et al., 2010)
          External Data
          Linkouts
          BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
          Pathways
          Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
          Metabolic Pathways
          FlyBase
          External Links
          External Data
          Linkouts
          SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
          Class of Gene
          Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
          Chromosome (arm)
          3R
          Recombination map
          3-47.1
          Cytogenetic map
          82A1-82A1
          Sequence location
          FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Evidence for location
          82A1-82A1
          Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{PZ}l(3)0273302733 and P{EP}EP974
          Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
          Cytogenetic map
          Notes
          References
          82A-82B
          (Lloyd et al., 2000)
          Determined by comparing Celera genomic sequence with sequence from BDGP BAC and P1 clones.
          (Lloyd et al., 2000)
          Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
          Location

          3-47.1

          (FlyBase, 2016)

          3-44.1

          (Comeron et al., 2012)
          Left of (cM)
          (Eun et al., 2007)
          Right of (cM)
          (Eun et al., 2007)
          Notes
          Stocks and Reagents
          Stocks (21)
          Genomic Clones (20)
          cDNA Clones (54)
           

          Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

          cDNA clones, fully sequenced
          BDGP DGC clones
          Other clones
            Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

            For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

            cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
            BDGP DGC clones
            Other clones
            RNAi and Array Information
            Linkouts
            DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
            Antibody Information
            Laboratory Generated Antibodies
             

            polyclonal

            (Inoshita et al., 2022, Zhao et al., 2022)
            Commercially Available Antibodies
             
            Cell Line Information
            Publicly Available Cell Lines
             
              Other Stable Cell Lines
               
                Other Comments

                aux is required in N signaling cells for Dl ligand internalization and signaling during eye morphogenesis.

                (Eun et al., 2008)

                aux regulates the internalisation of Dl to control activity of the N signalling pathway.

                (Hagedorn et al., 2006)

                dsRNA made from templates generated with primers directed against this gene tested in RNAi screen for effects on Kc167 and S2R+ cell morphology.

                (Kiger et al., 2003)

                Area matching Drosophila EST AA540712 (inverted). This EST forms a 809bp contig with ESTs AA440879 and AA440431, and has sequence similarity to Human Cyclin G associated kinase gene.

                (Davies, 2001.3.15)
                Relationship to Other Genes
                Source for database merge of

                Source for merge of: auxillin anon-WO0118547.393

                (FlyBase, 1996-)
                Additional comments

                Source for merge of auxillin anon-WO0118547.393 was sequence comparison ( date:051113 ).

                (FlyBase, 1996-)
                Nomenclature History
                Source for database identify of

                Source for identity of: auxillin CG1107

                (Verstreken and Bellen, 2000.9.4)
                Nomenclature comments
                Etymology
                Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)
                Reported As
                Symbol Synonym
                AUX
                (Kaufman et al., 2021)
                Aux
                (Pech et al., 2025, Inoshita et al., 2022, van de Leemput et al., 2022, Borner et al., 2014)
                Auxilin
                (Aromolaran et al., 2021)
                Auxillin/DNAJC6
                (Wishart et al., 2012)
                CG1107
                (Laffafian and Tepass, 2019, Hosono et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Ni et al., 2010.12.1, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Hagedorn et al., 2006, Brody et al., 2002, Whitfield et al., 2002, Morrison et al., 2000)
                DNAJC6
                (Wishart et al., 2012)
                GAK
                (Morrison et al., 2000)
                anon-WO0118547.393
                aux
                (Shweta et al., 2024, Li et al., 2023, Perlegos et al., 2022, Olsen and Feany, 2021, Ostalé et al., 2021, Wang et al., 2021, Laffafian and Tepass, 2019, Dourlen et al., 2018, Gene Disruption Project members, 2018-, Song et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Grice et al., 2015, Sanhueza et al., 2015, Sopko et al., 2014, Xu et al., 2014, Japanese National Institute of Genetics, 2012.5.21, Cheli et al., 2010, Cheli et al., 2010, Eun et al., 2008, Eun et al., 2007)
                auxilin
                (Chang et al., 2004)
                auxillin
                dAux
                (Zhou et al., 2011, Kandachar et al., 2008, Hagedorn et al., 2006)
                Name Synonyms
                Auxilin
                (Koehler and Huber, 2023, Fabian and Brill, 2012, Banks et al., 2011, Cheli et al., 2010, Kandachar et al., 2008, Stimson and Ramaswami, 1999)
                Auxillin
                (Wishart et al., 2012)
                auxilin
                (Coyne et al., 2017, Weinmaster and Fischer, 2011, Eun et al., 2008, Andreyeva et al., 2007, Eun et al., 2007, Korolchuk et al., 2007, Bayraktar et al., 2006, Eun and Fischer, 2006, Hagedorn et al., 2006, Chang et al., 2002)
                auxillin
                (Vanhauwaert and Verstreken, 2015, Korolchuk et al., 2007, Rehwinkel et al., 2005)
                Secondary FlyBase IDs
                • FBgn0062044
                Datasets (0)
                Study focus (0)
                Experimental Role
                Project
                Project Type
                Title
                Study result (0)
                Result
                Result Type
                Title
                External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 61 )
                Sequence Crossreferences
                NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                Other crossreferences
                AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
                InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                Linkouts
                BioGRID - A database of protein and genetic interactions.
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                Flygut - An atlas of the Drosophila adult midgut
                FlyMet - A comprehensive tissue-specific metabolomics resource for Drosophila.
                iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                MIST (genetic) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                SignaLink - A signaling pathway resource with multi-layered regulatory networks.
                References (109)