FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\Trf2
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\Trf2
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
TATA box binding protein-related factor 2
Annotation Symbol
CG18009
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0261793
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
20 publicly available
Gene Summary
TATA box binding protein-related factor 2 (Trf2) encodes a core promoter recognition factor that mediates gene transcription. It contributes to spiracle morphogenesis, pupal development and salivary gland cell death. [Date last reviewed: 2019-08-01] (FlyBase Gene Snapshot)
All Summaries
Also Known As

TLF, dTRF2

Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
7E7-7E9
Sequence location
Recombination map
1-23
RefSeq locus
NC_004354 REGION:8409272..8433011
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (22 terms)
Molecular Function (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables chromatin binding
inferred from direct assay
(Wang et al., 2014)
enables core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Wang et al., 2014)
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity
inferred from direct assay
(Hochheimer et al., 2002)
enables RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding
inferred from direct assay
(Kedmi et al., 2014)
contributes_to RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:Dref; FB:FBgn0015664
(Hochheimer et al., 2002)
enables TFIIA-class transcription factor complex binding
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:TfIIA-L; FB:FBgn0011289
(Andersen et al., 2017)
inferred from physical interaction with FLYBASE:moon; FB:FBgn0030373
(Andersen et al., 2017)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (4 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
enables DNA binding
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000814
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity
traceable author statement
(Davidson, 2003)
enables general transcription initiation factor activity
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000013136
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
enables RNA polymerase II general transcription initiation factor activity
inferred by curator from GO:0000979
(Kedmi et al., 2014)
Biological Process (8 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (6 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in autophagic cell death
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bashirullah et al., 2007)
involved_in mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from direct assay
(Wang et al., 2014)
involved_in pupal development
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bashirullah et al., 2007)
involved_in response to ecdysone
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Bashirullah et al., 2007)
involved_in spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Shima et al., 2007)
involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II
inferred from direct assay
(Kedmi et al., 2014, Hochheimer et al., 2002)
inferred from mutant phenotype
(Andersen et al., 2017, Hochheimer et al., 2002)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in DNA-templated transcription initiation
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000013136
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR000814
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
involved_in transcription initiation at RNA polymerase II promoter
traceable author statement
(Davidson, 2003)
Cellular Component (6 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (5 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in female germ cell nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
located_in heterochromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Andersen et al., 2017)
located_in male germ cell nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kedmi et al., 2014, Kopytova et al., 2006, Hochheimer et al., 2002)
located_in polytene chromosome
inferred from direct assay
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (1 term)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of transcription factor TFIID complex
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with SGD:S000000950
(Aoyagi and Wassarman, 2000)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:P20226
(Aoyagi and Wassarman, 2000)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
-
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Snapshot
TATA box binding protein-related factor 2 (Trf2) encodes a core promoter recognition factor that mediates gene transcription. It contributes to spiracle morphogenesis, pupal development and salivary gland cell death. [Date last reviewed: 2019-08-01]
Gene Group (FlyBase)
TATA-BINDING PROTEIN AND TBP-RELATED FACTORS -
The TATA-binding protein-related factors (TRFs) and TATA-binding protein (TBP) are similar in sequence sharing a 180 amino acid saddle-shaped DNA binding core domain. TBP is required by all three RNA polymerases and was considered a universal transcription factor. Subsequently, metazoan TRFs were shown to mediate transcription independently of TBP and to regulate the expression of specific sets of genes. (Adapted from FBrf0162294, FBrf0131150 and FBrf0229757).
Summary (Interactive Fly)

differentially recognizes and regulates a subset of TATA-less promoters

Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
6
Number of Unique Polypeptides
3

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\Trf2 for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q07DP5)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Low-frequency RNA-Seq exon junction(s) not annotated.

Tissue-specific extension of 3' UTRs observed during later stages (FBrf0218523, FBrf0219848); all variants may not be annotated

Gene model reviewed during 5.46

Apparent intron within coding exon in cDNA GB:AY069554 (LD27895) is likely to be an artifact; possibly caused by reverse transcriptase template-switching in regions of CAG repeats.

Gene model reviewed during 5.44

Annotated transcripts do not represent all supported alternative splices within 5' UTR.

Gene model reviewed during 6.04

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
Trf2-RE
FBtr0112927
NM_001103435
7131
1715
Trf2-RF
FBtr0300577
NM_001169230
9866
1715
Trf2-RG
FBtr0330105
NM_001272401
6840
1715
Trf2-RH
FBtr0330106
NM_206654
10041
632
Trf2-RI
FBtr0333750
NM_001272400
7034
1714
Trf2-RJ
FBtr0333811
NM_078529
6934
632
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)

3.9 (longest cDNA)

(Rabenstein et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
Trf2-PE
FBpp0111840
194.7
1715
4.64
Q07DP5
NP_001096905
ABW09355
Trf2-PF
FBpp0289804
194.7
1715
4.64
Q07DP5
NP_001162701
ACZ95236
Trf2-PG
FBpp0303138
194.7
1715
4.64
Q07DP5
NP_001259330
AGB95175
Trf2-PH
FBpp0303139
68.5
632
8.04
Q8T052
NP_996377
AAF46369
Trf2-PI
FBpp0305892
194.6
1714
4.65
M9PHD8
NP_001259329
AGB95174
Trf2-PJ
FBpp0305945
68.5
632
8.04
Q8T052
NP_511084
AAF46368
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

1715 aa isoforms: Trf2-PE, Trf2-PF, Trf2-PG
632 aa isoforms: Trf2-PH, Trf2-PJ
Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)

632 (aa); 68 (kD predicted)

(Rabenstein et al., 1999)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\Trf2 using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

-0.52

Transcript Expression
in situ
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
embryonic stage 1 -- 2
pole plasm
(Yatsu et al., 2008)
embryonic stage 4 -- 5
primordial germ cell
(Yatsu et al., 2008)
embryonic stage 9 -- 12
midline primordium
(Kearney et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 13 -- 16
midline glial cell
(Kearney et al., 2004)
larval midline neuron
(Kearney et al., 2004)
embryonic stage 14 -- 16
primordial germ cell
(Yatsu et al., 2008)
Additional Descriptive Data

Expression pattern inferred from unspecified enhancer trap line.

(Kearney et al., 2004)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
immunolocalization
Stage
Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)
Reference
oogenesis
female germline stem cell
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
cystoblast
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
cyst cell of testis
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
nurse cell
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
oocyte
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
spermatogenesis
primary spermatocyte
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
mature primary spermatocyte
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
Additional Descriptive Data

Trf2 protein is detected in the female germline but not in somatic cells. It is detected in the germline stem cells in the apical part of the germarium, in cystoblasts, in cyst cells in the distal part of the germarium, and in the nuclei of nurse cells and the oocyte in egg chambers. During spermatogenesis, Trf2 protein is first detected in the nuclei of young primary spermatocytes and reaches a peak in mature primary spermatocytes. It then gradually decreases and is not detected in spermatids.

(Kopytova et al., 2006)
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
located_in female germ cell nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
located_in heterochromatin
inferred from direct assay
(Andersen et al., 2017)
located_in male germ cell nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
located_in nucleus
inferred from direct assay
(Kedmi et al., 2014, Kopytova et al., 2006, Hochheimer et al., 2002)
located_in polytene chromosome
inferred from direct assay
(Kopytova et al., 2006)
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\Trf2 in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 48 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 21 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Trf2
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Trf2
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 3 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Lethality
Allele
lethal
lethal, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
lethal (with Df(1)RA2)
lethal | adult stage
lethal | pharate adult stage
lethal | pupal stage
lethal | pupal stage, with Scer\GAL42314
lethal | recessive
lethal | third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL42314
lethal - all die before end of first instar larval stage
lethal - all die before end of larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PP
lethal - all die before end of P-stage
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage
lethal - all die before end of pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
lethal - all die during P-stage
lethal - all die during P-stage, with Scer\GAL4Mef2.PR
partially lethal - majority die
partially lethal - majority die | recessive
viable, with Dcr-2UAS.cDa, Scer\GAL4elav.PLu
viable, with Scer\GAL4tin.CΔ4
Sterility
Allele
female sterile, with Scer\GAL4VP16.nanos.UTR, Scer\GAL4VP16.otu, Scer\GAL4nanos.PG
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal cell death
abnormal neuroanatomy | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
decreased cell growth rate | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4fkh.PH
decreased cell size, with Scer\GAL42314
some die during first instar larval stage
some die during pharate adult stage
some die during P-stage
some die during pupal stage
some die during pupal stage, with Scer\GAL4pnr-MD237
visible
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
visible | homeotic
visible | pupal stage
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
adult fat body, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
adult head bristle | ectopic
adult thorax
air bubble
anterior pupal spiracle
anterior pupal spiracle (with Trf2GS7403)
anterior pupal spiracle (with Trf2PL28#1)
arista
chaeta | ectopic
egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4nanos.PG
embryonic/larval fat body | second instar larval stage
embryonic/larval fat body | third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval fat body | wandering third instar larval stage
embryonic/larval fat body | wandering third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PP
embryonic/larval midgut
embryonic/larval salivary gland
embryonic/larval salivary gland | embryonic stage, with Scer\GAL4fkh.PH
eye
eye, with Scer\GAL4GMR.PF
female germline cell | absent, with Scer\GAL4nanos.PG
ganglion mother cell | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
larval neuroblast | larval stage, with Scer\GAL4insc-Mz1407
lipid droplet | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4Cg.PU
lipid droplet | second instar larval stage
lipid droplet | third instar larval stage
lipid droplet | wandering third instar larval stage
lipid droplet | wandering third instar larval stage, with Scer\GAL4ppl.PP
nuclear chromosome & salivary gland, with Scer\GAL42314
nucleus & salivary gland, with Scer\GAL42314
ovary, with Scer\GAL4nanos.PG
prepupa
pupa
puparium cuticle
salivary gland, with Scer\GAL42314
scutellar bristle | ectopic
tarsal segment | ectopic
wing margin | posterior
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (3)
Hsap\TBPL1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Hsap\TBP
3 of 14
No
No
13  
Hsap\TBPL2
3 of 14
No
No
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (3)
Rnor\Tbpl1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Rnor\Tbpl2
3 of 14
No
No
Rnor\Tbp
3 of 14
No
No
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (3)
Mmus\Tbpl1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mmus\Tbp
3 of 14
No
No
Mmus\Tbpl2
2 of 14
No
No
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (5)
Xtro\tbpl1
6 of 13
Yes
Yes
Xtro\tbpl2
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tbp
2 of 13
No
No
Xtro\h3c14
1 of 13
No
No
Xtro\tpt1
1 of 13
No
No
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (3)
Drer\tbpl1
9 of 14
Yes
Yes
Drer\tbp
3 of 14
No
No
Drer\tbpl2
3 of 14
No
No
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (2)
Cele\tlf-1
6 of 14
Yes
Yes
Cele\tbp-1
3 of 14
No
No
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (4)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP000336
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP007517
7 of 12
Yes
Yes
Agam\AgaP_AGAP008084
3 of 12
No
No
Agam\AgaP_AGAP010958
3 of 12
No
No
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (2)
Atha\TBP1
3 of 13
Yes
No
Atha\TBP2
3 of 13
Yes
No
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (1)
Scer\SPT15
2 of 13
Yes
No
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)
Spom\tbp1
1 of 12
Yes
No
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:Trf2. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (4)
Tbp
5 of 13
Trf4
4 of 13
Trf
4 of 13
Trf5
3 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )
    Human Ortholog
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    TBPL1; TATA-box binding protein like 1
    9 of 14
    605521
        TBP; TATA-box binding protein
        3 of 14
        TATA BOX-BINDING PROTEIN; TBP
         
        TBPL2; TATA-box binding protein like 2
        3 of 14
        608964
            Functional Complementation Data
            Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
            Interactions
            Summary of Physical Interactions
            Summary of Genetic Interactions
            Interaction Browsers
            View in FlyBase Interactions Browser   View in MIST tool (external link)
            Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            Trf2
            suppressible
            AANATL2
            (Fan et al., 2017)
            Trf2
            suppressible
            CG2617
            (Fan et al., 2017)
            Trf2
            suppressible
            eIF2Bδ
            (Fan et al., 2017)
            Trf2
            suppressible
            Nepl5
            (Fan et al., 2017)
            Trf2
            enhanceable
            ph-p
            (Kopytova et al., 2006)
            Starting gene(s)
            Interaction type
            Interacting gene(s)
            Reference
            Dref
            enhanceable
            Trf2
            (Ida et al., 2009)
            mamo
            enhanceable
            Trf2
            (Nakamura et al., 2020)
            moon
            suppressible
            Trf2|del
            (Andersen et al., 2017)
            External Data
            Linkouts
            DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
            MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
            Pathways
            Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
            Metabolic Pathways
            FlyBase
            External Links
            External Data
            Linkouts
            KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
            Class of Gene
            Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
            Chromosome (arm)
            X
            Recombination map
            1-23
            Cytogenetic map
            7E7-7E9
            Sequence location
            FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Evidence for location
            7E7-7E9
            Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{EP}CG1632EP1583 and P{EP}MoeEP1652
            Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
            Cytogenetic map
            Notes
            References
            7E-7E
            (determined by in situ hybridisation)
            (Peter et al., 2002, Schäfer et al., 1999.12.2)
            7F-7F
            (Rabenstein, 1999.3.22)
            7E3-7E11
            (determined by in situ hybridisation)
            (Schäfer et al., 1999.6.15)
            7E5-7E6
            (determined by in situ hybridisation)
            (Schäfer et al., 1999.3.29)
            Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
            Location

            1-23

            (FlyBase, 2016)

            1-23.4

            (Comeron et al., 2012)
            Left of (cM)
            Right of (cM)
            Notes
            Stocks and Reagents
            Stocks (20)
            Genomic Clones (25)
            cDNA Clones (42)
             

            Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

            cDNA clones, fully sequenced
            BDGP DGC clones
              Other clones
                Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

                For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

                cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
                BDGP DGC clones
                  Other clones
                    RNAi and Array Information
                    Linkouts
                    DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                    Antibody Information
                    Laboratory Generated Antibodies
                     

                    monoclonal

                    (Chowdhury et al., 2017)

                    polyclonal

                    (Wang et al., 2014, Kopytova et al., 2006, Kopytova et al., 2005, Rabenstein et al., 1999)
                    Commercially Available Antibodies
                     
                    Cell Line Information
                    Publicly Available Cell Lines
                     
                      Other Stable Cell Lines
                       

                      • New stable cell line derived from S2-ThermoFischer : The following derivative cell lines were generated: Parental OsTir-expressing S2 cell line, Trf2 C-terminally-tagged AID S2 cell line, Tbp-N-terminally-tagged AID S2 cell line, Dref-N-terminally-tagged AID S2 cell line, TfIIA-L-C-terminally-tagged AID S2 cell line, Chro-N-terminally-tagged AID S2 cell line.

                        (Serebreni et al., 2023)
                      Other Comments

                      Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) down-regulates a distinct splice isoform(s) of this gene.

                      (Hansen et al., 2009)
                      Relationship to Other Genes
                      Source for database merge of

                      Source for merge of: Trf2 CG18009

                      (Whitfield, 2000.5.3)

                      Source for merge of: Trf2 l(1)G0039 l(1)G0295 l(1)G0425 l(1)G0071

                      (Bashirullah et al., 2007)
                      Additional comments

                      "l(1)G0295" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0425" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0039" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0219" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0228" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0356" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0096" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0332" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0166" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0372" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0178" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0376" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0071" may affect "Trf2". "l(1)G0424" may affect "Trf2".

                      (Peter et al., 2002)

                      "l(1)G0039" may affect "Trf2".

                      (Peter et al., 2002)

                      "l(1)G0295" may affect "Trf2".

                      (Peter et al., 2002)

                      "l(1)G0425" may affect "Trf2".

                      (Peter et al., 2002)

                      "l(1)G0071" may affect "Trf2".

                      (Peter et al., 2002)
                      Nomenclature History
                      Source for database identify of
                      Nomenclature comments
                      Etymology
                      Synonyms and Secondary IDs (25)
                      Reported As
                      Symbol Synonym
                      CG11195
                      (Bourbon et al., 2002)
                      CG18009
                      (Hosono et al., 2015, Ni et al., 2011.7.19, Hansen et al., 2009, Ida et al., 2009, Keleman et al., 2009.8.5, Perkins et al., 2009, Sepp et al., 2008, Bourbon et al., 2002, Aoyagi and Wassarman, 2000, Whitfield, 2000.5.3)
                      TLF
                      (Berk, 2000, Tora, 1999.4.21)
                      TRF2
                      (Osadchiy et al., 2023, Loganathan et al., 2022, Casale et al., 2021, Huang and Wong, 2021, Gamez et al., 2020, Parhad et al., 2020, Sato and Siomi, 2020, Sato and Yamamoto, 2020, Kurshakova et al., 2019, Santos and Preta, 2018, Baumann and Gilmour, 2017, Huang et al., 2017, Tue et al., 2017, Bayona-Feliu et al., 2016, Kwon et al., 2016, Duttke, 2015, Zehavi et al., 2015, Wang et al., 2014, Guglielmi et al., 2013, Takács et al., 2012, Gibert and Karch, 2011, Goodrich and Tjian, 2010, Weake et al., 2009, Isogai et al., 2007, Jin et al., 2004, Müller and Tora, 2004, Davidson, 2003, Levine and Tjian, 2003, Dantonel et al., 1999)
                      TRF2S
                      (Neves and Eisenman, 2019)
                      Trf2
                      (Cherezov et al., 2025, Li et al., 2025, Li et al., 2024, Patel et al., 2024, Floc'hlay et al., 2023, Lee et al., 2023, Yang et al., 2023, Loganathan et al., 2022, Davis et al., 2021, Slaidina et al., 2021, Cacchione et al., 2020, Cherezov et al., 2020, Demakova et al., 2020, Nakamura et al., 2020, Rust et al., 2020, Yanagawa et al., 2020, Courret et al., 2019, Neves and Eisenman, 2019, Vo Ngoc et al., 2019, Laktionov et al., 2018, Andersen et al., 2017, Chowdhury et al., 2017, Transgenic RNAi Project members, 2017-, Clandinin and Owens, 2016-, Kopytova et al., 2016, Popodi et al., 2010-, Venken et al., 2010, Hansen et al., 2009, Ida et al., 2009, Brandt and Corces, 2008, Derome et al., 2008, Sepp et al., 2008, Yatsu et al., 2008)
                      dTRF2
                      (Bashirullah et al., 2007, Hochheimer and Tjian, 2003, Rabenstein et al., 1999)
                      dTRF2L
                      (Wang et al., 2014)
                      dTRF2S
                      (Wang et al., 2014)
                      dTrf2
                      (Wang et al., 2008)
                      l(1)G0039
                      l(1)G0071
                      l(1)G0295
                      l(1)G0425
                      p79/TRF2
                      (Hochheimer et al., 2002)
                      trf2
                      (Osadchiy et al., 2019, Fan et al., 2017, Larschan et al., 2012, Kopytova et al., 2008, Kopytova et al., 2008, Olga et al., 2008, Kurshakova et al., 2007, Shima et al., 2007, Kopytova et al., 2006, Kopytova et al., 2005, Kearney et al., 2004)
                      Name Synonyms
                      TATA box binding protein-related factor 2
                      TATA box-binding protein related factor 2
                      (Bashirullah et al., 2007)
                      TBP related factor 2
                      (Olga et al., 2008)
                      TBP-like factor
                      TBP-related factor 2
                      (Jin et al., 2004)
                      lethal (1) G0039
                      lethal (1) G0071
                      lethal (1) G0295
                      lethal (1) G0425
                      Secondary FlyBase IDs
                      • FBgn0026758
                      • FBgn0026762
                      • FBgn0030036
                      • FBgn0026705
                      • FBgn0040181
                      • FBgn0040163
                      • FBgn0026688
                      Datasets (0)
                      Study focus (0)
                      Experimental Role
                      Project
                      Project Type
                      Title
                      Study result (0)
                      Result
                      Result Type
                      Title
                      External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 66 )
                      Sequence Crossreferences
                      NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
                      GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
                      GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
                      RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
                      UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
                      UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
                      Other crossreferences
                      AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
                      BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis
                      DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
                      EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
                      FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
                      InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
                      KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
                      MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
                      Linkouts
                      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
                      DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
                      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
                      Eukaryotic Promoter Database - A collection of databases of experimentally validated promoters for selected model organisms.
                      FlyAtlas - Adult expression by tissue, using Affymetrix Dros2 array
                      FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
                      Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
                      iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
                      Interactive Fly - A cyberspace guide to Drosophila development and metazoan evolution
                      KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
                      MIST (protein-protein) - An integrated Molecular Interaction Database
                      References (137)