FlyBase Gene Report: Dsim\Lhr

Important message

Updated sequence information for this Drosophila species is no longer provided by FlyBase. Gene model annotations for this species are now updated and maintained at NCBI, using the gnomon automated annotation pipeline. See the NCBI page ‘Eukaryotic genomes annotated at NCBI’.

The FlyBase BLAST tool will continue to support queries against the reference genome of this species, but not queries against annotated transcripts or proteins. For the current release, there is no JBrowse or GBrowse view of the gene model annotations for this species.

The FlyBase archived release FB2017_05 includes the last NCBI annotation update for this species that was imported into FlyBase. That sequence data can be accessed from archived gene reports, via the archived GBrowse tool, and via archived bulk-data downloads.

General Information

Symbol

Dsim\Lhr

Species

D. simulans

Name

Lethal hybrid rescue

Annotation Symbol

Feature Type

protein_coding_gene

FlyBase ID

FBgn0263272

Gene Model Status

Withdrawn

Stock Availability

1 publicly available

Gene Summary

Contribute a Gene Snapshot for this gene.

All Summaries

Alliance
Auto summary
Interactive Fly

Also Known As

Lhr, sim-Lhr

Summaries

Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 4 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 8 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of Dsim\Lhr

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of Dsim\Lhr

Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )

Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )

Variants

Variant Molecular Consequences

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (0)

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Summary of Genetic Interactions

Interaction Browsers

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

External Data

Linkouts

Class of Gene

gene

nuclear_gene

(Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium, 2008)

protein_coding_gene

(Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium, 2008)

Stocks and Reagents

Stocks (1)

National Drosophila Species Stock Center

14021-0251.023

Lhr¹

Genomic Clones (0)

cDNA Clones (0)

Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

cDNA clones, fully sequenced

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)

BDGP DGC clones

Other clones

RNAi and Array Information

Linkouts

Antibody Information

Laboratory Generated Antibodies

Commercially Available Antibodies

Cell Line Information

Publicly Available Cell Lines

Other Stable Cell Lines

Other Comments

The Hmr and Lhr proteins form a heterochromatic complex with Su(var)205 in D. melanogaster. Hmr and Lhr are required to repress transcripts from satellite DNAs and many families of transposable elements. They are also required to help regulate the length of telomeres (which in Drosophila are composed of domesticated transposable elements).

(Satyaki et al., 2014)

The Dsim\Lhr ortholog of Lhr does not appear to affect satellite DNA transcription in D. simulans, but it does have a role in repressing transcription of transposable elements in this species.

(Satyaki et al., 2014)

Upregulation of transposable element transcription is seen in hybrids between D. melanogaster and D. simulans, but this is unlikely to be the direct cause of hybrid lethality.

(Satyaki et al., 2014)

The Hmr and Lhr proteins form a centromeric complex in D. melanogaster which is required for proper chromosome segregation during mitosis. Both an increase and a decrease in complex levels result in mitotic defects, indicating that this function is extremely dose sensitive. Alteration of the levels of the complex also result in an increase in transcription from transposable elements.

(Thomae et al., 2013)

The orthologous D. simulans Dsim\Hmr and Dsim\Lhr proteins also bind each other in coimmunoprecipitation experiments and also localise to the centromere (although Dsim\Hmr also shows a prominent non-centromeric localisation).

(Thomae et al., 2013)

The level of Hmr expression in D melanogaster is substantially higher than the expression of the orthologous Dsim\Hmr gene in D. simulans. Conversely, the expression of the D. simulans Dsim\Lhr gene is higher than the expression of the orthologous Lhr gene in D. melanogaster. Hybrids derived from a cross between D. melanogaster females and D. simulans males thus have an elevated amount of the Hmr-Lhr protein complex compared to the parent species, and the complex is delocalised, being bound to numerous interbands along all chromosome arms in the hybrids. Hybrid males and females show a massive increase in transcription from transposable elements, but as the effect is not sex-specific, this is presumably not the the main cause of the lethality of hybrid males.

(Thomae et al., 2013)

Dsim\Lhr has functionally diverged in D.simulans and interacts with Hmr, which has functionally diverged in D.melanogaster, to cause lethality in F1 hybrid males.

(Brideau et al., 2006)

Male progeny of D.melanogaster females and D.simulans males die at the larval stages unless the male parent is mutant at Dsim\Lhr, or the female at Hmr.

(Sawamura et al., 1993)

Relationship to Other Genes

Source for database merge of

Source for merge of: Dsim\Lhr Dsim\GD11266

(Brideau and Barbash, 2011)

Additional comments

Nomenclature History

Source for database identify of

Nomenclature comments

Etymology

Synonyms and Secondary IDs (13)

Reported As

Symbol Synonym

CG18468

(Brideau et al., 2006)

Dsim\GD11266

(Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium, 2008)

Dsim\Lhr

GD11266

(Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium, 2008)

HP3

(Brideau and Barbash, 2011)

LHR

(Brideau and Barbash, 2008)

LHR_sim

(Thomae et al., 2013)

Lhr

(Tang and Presgraves, 2015, Matute et al., 2014, Maehara et al., 2012, Brideau and Barbash, 2011, Barbash, 2010, Sawamura et al., 2010, Wong et al., 2010, Maheshwari and Barbash, 2008, Brideau et al., 2007, Chatterjee et al., 2007, Maheshwari and Barbash, 2007, Pal Bhadra et al., 2006, Pennisi, 2006, Davis et al., 1996)

Lhr-sim

(Brideau et al., 2006)

dsim_GLEANR_11238

(Drosophila 12 Genomes Consortium, 2008)

sim-Lhr

(Maheshwari and Barbash, 2012, Maheshwari and Barbash, 2012)

Name Synonyms

Lethal hybrid rescue

(Sawamura et al., 2010, Barbash and Lorigan, 2007, Chatterjee et al., 2007, Anonymous, 2006, Brideau et al., 2006)

lethal hybrid rescue

(Wong et al., 2010)

Secondary FlyBase IDs

FBgn0010058
FBgn0183016

Datasets (0)

Study focus (0)

Experimental Role

Project

Project Type

Title

Study result (0)

Result

Result Type

Title

External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 8 )

Sequence Crossreferences

NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.

6734902

GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.

GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.

EDX07484

UniProt/TrEMBL - Automatically annotated and unreviewed records of protein sequence and functional information

A0PKA7

Other crossreferences

GLEANR -

dsim_GLEANR_11238

GNOMON -

Dsim_gnomon_101_gene.31701840

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

BESS motif

References (56)

Important message

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