FlyBase Gene Report: Dmel\vas

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Kistler et al., 2018, Webster et al., 2015, Kugler et al., 2010, Breitwieser et al., 1996)

inferred from direct assay

(Xiol et al., 2014, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

pole plasm

inferred from direct assay

(Kugler et al., 2010)

posterior cell cortex

inferred from direct assay

(Kistler et al., 2018)

spectrosome

inferred from direct assay

(Yuan et al., 2012)

Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)

CV Term

Evidence

References

nucleus

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002774649

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

traceable author statement

(Mahowald, 2001, Williamson and Lehmann, 1996, Raff et al., 1990)

inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN002774649

(assigned by GO_Central )

(Gaudet et al., 2011)

Gene Group (FlyBase)

DEAD-BOX RNA HELICASES

Protein Family (UniProt)

Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family. DDX4/VASA subfamily. (P09052)

Protein Signatures (InterPro)

Catalytic Activity (EC)

Experimental Evidence

ATP + H(2)O = ADP + phosphate (3.6.4.13)

Predictions / Assertions

ATP + H(2)O = ADP + phosphate (3.6.4.13)

Summaries

Gene Group (FlyBase)

DEAD-BOX RNA HELICASES -: DEAD-box RNA helicases belong to helicase superfamily 2 (SF2). They are characterized by the presence of nine conserved helicase motifs, including the DEAD sequence in motif II. (Adapted from PMID:21509200.)

Protein Function (UniProtKB)

Involved in translational control mechanisms operating in early stages of oogenesis. Required maternally in many stages of oogenesis, including cystocyte differentiation, oocyte differentiation, and specification of anterior-posterior polarity in the developing cysts. Essential for the formation and/or structural integrity of perinuclear nuage particles during germ cell formation. Required for gus, Fsn and aub accumulation at the posterior pole of the embryo. Required for the localization of vas to the perinuclear region of nurse cells.

(UniProt, P09052)

Phenotypic Description (Red Book; Lindsley and Zimm 1992)

vas: vasa (T. Schupbach)

exhibit a so-called "grandchildless-knirps" phenotype: all eggs lack polar granules and no pole cells are formed; most of the embyros show large deletions of abdominal segments, whereby anterior parts of segment A1 become fused to posterior parts of segment A8. Telson elements are always present and relatively normal. Eggs have abnormal shape. Analysis of germline clones indicates that the mutation is germline autonomous (Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1986, Dev. Biol. 113: 443-448). Homozygous vasa males cannot be distinguished from wild-type males in viability and fertility.

Summary (Interactive Fly)

maternal - a DEAD-box RNA helicase - interacts with eIF5B and promotes translation of and mRNAs - overcomes the repressive effect of Nanos translational control element - functions in piRNA biogenesis as a component of an Amplifier complex - Maternally-expressed Vas is required for oogenesis, transposon silencing in the female germ line, anterior-posterior embryonic patterning, and germ cell specification.

Interactive Fly

Gene Model and Products

Number of Transcripts

Number of Unique Polypeptides

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\vas for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)

Isoform displayed:

Pfam protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Protein Domains (via SMART)

Isoform displayed:

SMART protein domains

InterPro name

classification

start

end

Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 6.05

Genes with CDS overlap: vas and solo share promoter, first exon and N-terminal coding sequences (137 residues).

Sequence Ontology: Class of Gene

nuclear_gene

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2015)

protein_coding_gene

(FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2015)

Transcript Data

Annotated Transcripts

Name

FlyBase ID

RefSeq ID

Length (nt)

Assoc. CDS (aa)

vas-RA

FBtr0445185

NM_165103

2241

661

vas-RB

FBtr0445186

NM_001273529

2285

661

vas-RC

FBtr0445187

NM_001316393

2195

661

Additional Transcript Data and Comments

Reported size (kB)

2.2 (compiled cDNA)

(Hay et al., 1988)

4, 3 (northern blot); 2.0 (unknown)

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

Comments

External Data

Crossreferences

Polypeptide Data

Annotated Polypeptides

Name

FlyBase ID

Predicted MW (kDa)

Length (aa)

Theoretical pI

RefSeq ID

GenBank

vas-PA

FBpp0401445

72.3

661

5.34

NP_723899

AAF53438

vas-PB

FBpp0401446

72.3

661

5.34

NP_001260458

AGB92993

vas-PC

FBpp0401447

72.3

661

5.34

NP_001303322

ALI30207

Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

The group(s) of polypeptides indicated below share identical sequence to each other.

661 aa isoforms: vas-PA, vas-PB, vas-PC

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments

Reported size (kDa)

648 (aa); 72 (kD)

(Hay et al., 1988)

660 (aa); 72 (kD)

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

Comments

vas protein may be an ATP-dependent nucleic acid helicase.

(Liang et al., 1994)

External Data

Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Interacts with eIF5B and faf. Interacts with gus (via B30.2/SPRY domain) and Fsn (via B30.2/SPRY domain). Interacts with aub, me31B, eIF-4a and TER94. Interacts with piwi; this interaction is RNA independent. Interacts with Dcr-1 and Fmr1; these interactions occur in the polar granules.

(UniProt, P09052)

Post Translational Modification

Ubiquitinated during oogenesis. Deubiquitinated by faf, which protects this protein from proteasome-mediated degradation.

(UniProt, P09052)

Domain

The B30.2/SPRY domain-binding motif mediates recognition by proteins containing a B30.2/SPRY domain.

(UniProt, P09052)

Crossreferences

InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites

Linkouts

Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model

Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records

UniProt

Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\vas using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data

Crossreferences

Linkouts

Expression Data

Expression Summary Ribbons

Colored tiles in ribbon indicate that expression data has been curated by FlyBase for that anatomical location. Colorless tiles indicate that there is no curated data for that location.

For complete stage-specific expression data, view the modENCODE Development RNA-Seq section under High-Throughput Expression below.

Transcript Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

in situ

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

Comment: maternally deposited

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 4 -- 6

Comment: rapidly degraded

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 9 -- 10

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 11 -- 12

(Fisher et al., 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 16

(Fisher et al., 2012)

gonad

(Fisher et al., 2012)

blastoderm stage

organism | ubiquitous

(Renault, 2012)

embryonic stage 11

(Renault, 2012)

embryonic stage 13 -- 14

gonad

(Renault, 2012)

northern blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

spermatogenesis & adult stage

spermatocyte

(Hay et al., 1988)

(Hay et al., 1988)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

(Hay et al., 1988)

(Hay et al., 1988)

germarium

(Hay et al., 1988)

(Hay et al., 1988)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

first instar larval stage

(Hay et al., 1988)

(Hay et al., 1988)

embryonic stage 1 -- 3

(Hay et al., 1988)

embryonic stage 1 -- 11

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

RT-PCR

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Song et al., 2004)

(Song et al., 2004)

adult stage | male

testis

(Kawase et al., 2004)

(Kawase et al., 2004)

Additional Descriptive Data

vas RNA is uniform in the

(Renault, 2012)

syncitial blastoderm, but is degraded upon cellularization, including in the

(Renault, 2012)

germ cells. It is zygotically expressed in the germ cells at stage 11, and can be seen in the embryonic gonad at stage 13-14.

(Renault, 2012)

vas expression is observed in male germ cells.

(Kawase et al., 2004)

vas expression is observed in female germ cells.

(Song et al., 2004)

Marker for

(Song et al., 2004)

(Kawase et al., 2004)

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Polypeptide Expression

No Assay Recorded

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

spermatogenesis & adult stage

testis

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

oogenesis & pupal stage

adult stage & oogenesis stage S10

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

oocyte | posterior

(Breitwieser et al., 1996)

immunolocalization

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

adult stage | female oogenesis stage S6 -- oogenesis stage S9

• perinuclear region of cytoplasm

(Styhler et al., 2002)

adult stage

germarium & nurse cell

• perinuclear region of cytoplasm

(Styhler et al., 2002)

adult stage | female oogenesis stage S11 -- S14

• perinuclear region of cytoplasm

(Styhler et al., 2002)

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990, Hay et al., 1988)

germarium

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

(Hay et al., 1988)

egg chamber

(Hay et al., 1990)

oocyte | posterior

(Hay et al., 1988)

oogenesis & adult stage | female

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

embryonic stage 12 -- 17

(Hay et al., 1988)

embryonic stage 12 -- 13

(Cumberledge et al., 1992)

spermatogenesis & adult stage

cyst cell of testis

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

(Hay et al., 1988)

(Song et al., 2004)

prepupal stage

(Gilboa and Lehmann, 2004)

cleavage stage

• pole plasm

Comment: Probed with antibody to Bombyx vas.

(Nakao et al., 2006)

pole bud

(Hay et al., 1990)

blastoderm stage

Comment: Probed with antibody to Bombyx vas.

(Nakao et al., 2006)

embryonic stage

(Deshpande et al., 2004)

embryonic stage 4 -- 10

(Deshpande et al., 2004)

embryonic stage 1 -- 2

organism | 0-10% egg length

Comment: posterior pole

(Polesello et al., 2002)

embryonic stage 11 -- 13

germline stem cell

(Starz-Gaiano et al., 2001)

(Arrizabalaga and Lehmann, 1999)

embryonic stage 5

(Starz-Gaiano and Lehmann, 2001)

embryonic stage 5 -- 14

germline stem cell

(Starz-Gaiano and Lehmann, 2001)

(Robertson et al., 1999)

embryonic stage 12

germline stem cell

(Cumberledge et al., 1992)

oogenesis stage S10

gonadal sheath proper primordium

• cytoplasm

(Styhler et al., 2002)

embryonic stage 4

pole bud

(Raff et al., 1990)

embryonic stage 1 -- 5

pole granule

(Breitwieser et al., 1996)

embryonic stage 15

(Renault, 2012)

western blot

Stage

Tissue/Position (including subcellular localization)

Reference

(Liu et al., 2009)

Additional Descriptive Data

vasa protein is cytoplasmic within pole cells. In some cell types in ovaries and testes, vasa protein distribution is perinuclear.

(Renault, 2012, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

germline cell

(Deshpande et al., 2004)

The vas protein is expressed in germ cells at the larva/pupa transition, 108 hrs AEL.

(Gilboa and Lehmann, 2004)

In stage 10 oocytes, vas protein, osk protein, and stau protein colocalize at the posterior pole. In early embryos, vas protein and osk protein localize to the polar granules but stau protein does not colocalize with them. It is present in a thin crescent apposed closely to the posterior cortex and disappears before the pole cell stage. A GFP-Vas fusion protein was used to determine the vas protein distribution.

(Breitwieser et al., 1996)

vas protein is concentrated in the form of polar granules at the posterior pole in early embryos. A low level of staining is also seen throughout the embryo during cleavage stages. vas protein is also present in egg chambers. Protein expression in mutants of vas, stau, osk, tud, vls, and BicD were studied.

(Hay et al., 1990)

vasa protein is detected in larval and pupal ovaries in the oogonial cells and their precursors. It is abundant in the germaria of adult ovaries and is also abundant in the pronurse cell nuclei in early stages of oogenesis. vasa protein is transported to the oocyte starting in stage 8 and is concentrated at the posterior pole, although it is detectable at lower levels throughout the oocyte. vasa protein is also detected in males in the larval spermatogonial cells and in cyst cells of the adult testis. In early cleavage stage embryos, a shallow posterior-anterior gradient of vas protein is seen with the highest concentration at the posterior pole. Later the pole cells stain heavily and the pole cell and subsequent gonadal expression persists throughout embryogenesis. In ovaries lacking tud, vls, nos, and pum, vas protein localizes to the posterior pole of the oocyte normally but in ovaries lacking osk and stau, vas protein fails to distribute asymmetrically. BicC mutations affect vas protein distribution while BicD mutations do not. capu and spir abolish localization of vas protein to pole cells. vas protein is detected in ovaries of egl, mus301, qua, Bic-F, mr, Fs(2)Y12, and vss mutant females.

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

vas protein is located at the posterior pole of early embryos. This posterior localization is abolished in mutants of stau, vas, spir, capu, and osk. Posterior localization of vas protein is less striking in tud and vls mutants than in wild type embryos and indistinguishable from wild type in nos and pum mutants.

(Raff et al., 1990)

vas protein in both late-stage oocytes and in early embryos is localized to the posterior pole, and thus differs from the uniform distribution of vas transcript at the same stage. In addition to late-stage oocytes, the vas protein is found in germline stem cells and nurse cells of ovaries. In adult males, the vas protein is present in male germline stem cells during early spermatogenesis.

(Hay et al., 1988)

Marker for

female germline cell

(Joly et al., 2013, Nystul and Spradling, 2010, Parma et al., 2007)

(Song et al., 2004)

(Deshpande et al., 2004, Gilboa and Lehmann, 2004, Cox et al., 1998)

male germline cell

(Chen et al., 2013, Sheng et al., 2009)

(Jemc et al., 2012)

cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule

(Deshpande et al., 2014, Siddiqui et al., 2012)

Subcellular Localization

CV Term

Evidence

References

cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Kistler et al., 2018, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

inferred from direct assay

(assigned by UniProt )

(Styhler et al., 2002)

inferred from direct assay

(Xiol et al., 2014)

germ cell nucleus

inferred from direct assay

(Kistler et al., 2018)

perinuclear region of cytoplasm

inferred from direct assay

(Kistler et al., 2018, Webster et al., 2015, Kugler et al., 2010, Breitwieser et al., 1996)

inferred from direct assay

(Xiol et al., 2014, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

pole plasm

inferred from direct assay

(Kugler et al., 2010)

posterior cell cortex

inferred from direct assay

(Kistler et al., 2018)

spectrosome

inferred from direct assay

(Yuan et al., 2012)

Expression Deduced from Reporters

High-Throughput Expression Data

Associated Tools

GBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\vas in GBrowse 2

RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region

View exonic expression by developmental stage for Dmel\vas

View exonic expression by tissue for Dmel\vas

Bulk Downloads

RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes

Reference

See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.

Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle

Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis

External Data and Images

Linkouts

BDGP expression data - Patterns of gene expression in Drosophila embryogenesis

FBgn0262526

Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns

CG46283

Images

FlyBase Wiki

Image Based Resources

Alleles, Insertions, and Transgenic Constructs

Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 46 )

For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show

Other relevant insertions

Transgenic Constructs ( 72 )

For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show

Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of vas

Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of vas

Deletions and Duplications ( 81 )

Disrupted in

Df(2L)A48

(Cai et al., 2001, Tinker et al., 1998)

Df(2L)A72

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)A263

(Furukawa et al., 1992)

Df(2L)A267

(Cai et al., 2001, Tinker et al., 1998, Tomancak et al., 1998, Van Doren et al., 1998, Roote et al., 1996, Ashburner et al., 1990, Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

Df(2L)b80e4

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)b84h50

(Furukawa et al., 1992)

Df(2L)b87e25

(Ashraf et al., 1999, Iyengar et al., 1999, Tinker et al., 1998, Roote, 1996.8, Roote, 1995.3.27)

Df(2L)b89e80a

(Roote, 2000.6.5, Roote, 2000.7.3)

Df(2L)BSC254

(Christensen and Cook, 2007.3.22)

Df(2L)BSC299

(Christensen and Cook, 2007.5.8)

Df(2L)el20

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)el28

(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Exel7062

(Ryder, 2004.4.26)

Df(2L)fn5

(Furukawa et al., 1992)

Df(2L)fn26

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)fn27

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)n78l3

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)noc11

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)osp29

(Cai et al., 2001, Furukawa et al., 1992, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1986)

Df(2L)osp38

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)PZ07130-mr2

(Roote, 2000.6.13)

Df(2L)PZ07130-mr7

(Roote, 2000.6.13)

Df(2L)Sco7

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35B-5

(Lasko and Ashburner, 1990, Lasko and Ashburner, 1988)

Df(2L)TE35BC-3

(Cai et al., 2001, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35BC-4

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35BC-29

(Van Doren et al., 1998, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

Df(2L)TE35BC-34

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-16

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-18

(Tinker et al., 1998, Furukawa et al., 1992, Lasko and Ashburner, 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-20

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-23

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2L)75c

(Spradling et al., 1999, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1986)

In(2L)el18

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2LR)noc^4LSco^rv9R

(Cai et al., 2001)

T(2;3)TE35B-5

(Roote et al., 1996)

Tp(2;2)A446

(Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1991, Schupbach and Wieschaus, 1989)

Not disrupted in

Df(2L)64j

(Roote, 2000.7.3, Tinker et al., 1998, Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)A48

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)ARR1

(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)b84a2

(Tinker et al., 1998)

Df(2L)b84a3

(Furukawa et al., 1992)

Df(2L)b84a7

(Tinker et al., 1998, Furukawa et al., 1992)

Df(2L)b88c75

(Tinker et al., 1998)

Df(2L)fn12

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)H20

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)k05007-mr19

(Roote, 2000.6.13)

Df(2L)k09033-mr19

(Roote, 2000.6.13)

Df(2L)osp29

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

Df(2L)r10

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)RA5

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)rd9

(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)RM5

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)RN2

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco^rv16

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco^rv18

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco^rv19

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)Sco^rv25

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)SS1

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35BC-7

(Furukawa et al., 1992)

Df(2L)TE35BC-28

(Furukawa et al., 1992)

Df(2L)TE35D-1

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-2

(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-3

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-4

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-6

(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-13

(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-14

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-15

(Furukawa et al., 1992, Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-19

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-21

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Df(2L)TE35D-22

(Cai et al., 2001, Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2L)75c

(BDGP Project Members, 1994-1999)

In(2L)b82a1

(Tinker et al., 1998)

In(2L)dpp^s22Ldpp^d36R

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2LR)Sco^rv1-DV7

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

T(2;3)Sco^rv7

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Partially disrupted in

Df(2L)64j

(Ashburner et al., 1999)

Df(2L)vas^PH165

(FlyBase, 1996-)

Duplicated in

Dp(2;1)Sco^rv23

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Dp(2;2)GYL

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Dp(2;2)TE35B-54^L

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Dp(2;3)osp³

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2L)C163.41^LC158^R

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

In(2L)Sco^rv17LC158^R

(Ashburner et al., 1990)

Phenotypes

For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.

Lethality

Allele

lethal | maternal effect

vas^unspecified

lethal | maternal effect | recessive

lethal | maternal effect | recessive | heat sensitive

vas⁵

lethal | non-rescuable maternal effect

vas¹

lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage | maternal effect

vas^PH165

lethal - all die before end of embryonic stage | maternal effect | recessive

vas^unspecified

viable

vas^ETo14

viable, with Scer\GAL4^pnr-MD237

vas^GD1556

Sterility

Allele

female semi-sterile | recessive

vas^k07233

female sterile

female sterile, with Scer\GAL4^nos.PG

vas^KK100929

female sterile, with Scer\GAL4^VP16.nos.UTR, vas³

vas^DQAD.UAS.GFP

female sterile, with Scer\GAL4^VP16.nos.UTR, vas^DQAD.UAS.GFP

vas³

female sterile (with vas¹)

vas³

female sterile (with vas³)

vas¹

female sterile | recessive

female sterile | recessive, with Scer\GAL4^- :

vas^EP812

grandchildless

vas¹

grandchildless | recessive

vas^unspecified

sterile

vas^ETo14

Other Phenotypes

Allele

decreased cell number | maternal effect

vas^W660E

decreased cell number | maternal effect (with vas^PH165)

vas^W660E

decreased cell number | maternal effect (with vas^W660E)

vas^PH165

decreased fecundity | female

vas^PH165

mitotic cell cycle defective | female (with Df(2L)BSC299)

vas^PH165

non-enhancer of variegation

vas^AS

non-suppressor of variegation

vas^AS

some die during embryonic stage | maternal effect

vas^PH165

some die during embryonic stage | recessive | maternal effect | recessive

vas^unspecified

wild-type

Phenotype manifest in

Allele

abdominal segment

vas¹

cyst cell of ovary

vas^PH165

cystoblast (with Df(2L)BSC299)

vas^PH165

dorsal appendage

dorsal appendage | maternal effect (with vas^PH165)

vas^RG53

dorsal appendage | maternal effect (with vas^RG53)

vas^PH165

egg

egg | maternal effect

vas^D5

egg chamber

egg chamber, with Scer\GAL4^VP16.nos.UTR

egg chorion | maternal effect (with vas^PH165)

vas^RG53

egg chorion | maternal effect (with vas^RG53)

vas^PH165

embryo | maternal effect

embryo | maternal effect (with vas^PH165)

vas^W660E

embryo | maternal effect (with vas^W660E)

vas^PH165

embryonic abdominal segment

embryonic abdominal segment 1

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 2

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 3

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 4

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 5

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 6

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 7

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 8

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 9

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 10

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment 11

vas^unspecified

embryonic abdominal segment | maternal effect

embryonic abdominal segment | non-rescuable maternal effect

vas¹

vas^PH165

female germline stem cell (with Df(2L)BSC299)

vas^PH165

follicle cell

vas⁷

germarium region 1

vas^PH165

germline cyst

vas^PH165

karyosome

micropyle

micropyle | ectopic

vas^PH165

vas^PH165

oocyte | oogenesis stage S6

vas^PH165

oocyte | oogenesis stage S9

vas^PH165

oocyte | oogenesis stage S10

vas^PH165

oocyte nucleus

vas^PH165

pole granule | maternal effect

vas^AS

vas^unspecified

pole plasm

vas^unspecified

primordial germ cell | maternal effect

primordial germ cell | maternal effect (with vas^PH165)

vas^W660E

primordial germ cell | maternal effect (with vas^W660E)

vas^PH165

primordial germ cell | non-rescuable maternal effect

vas¹

spermatocyte

vas^AS

Orthologs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Orthologs

Download All OrthoDB Orthologs

Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Homo sapiens (Human) (4)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Hsap\DDX4

8 of 15

Yes

Hsap\DDX3X

2 of 15

Hsap\DDX3Y

2 of 15

Hsap\DDX28

1 of 15

Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (4)

Species\Gene Symbol

Score

Best Score

Best Reverse Score

Source

Alignment

Complementation?

Transgene?

Mmus\Ddx4

8 of 15

Yes

Mmus\Ddx3x

2 of 15

Mmus\Ddx3y

2 of 15

Mmus\D1Pas1

1 of 15

Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (5)

Rnor\Ddx4

7 of 13

Yes

2 of 13

2 of 13

2 of 13

1 of 13

Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (3)

Xtro\ddx3x

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\ddx4

2 of 12

Yes

Xtro\ddx28

1 of 12

Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (4)

Drer\ddx4

7 of 15

Yes

Drer\ddx3xa

2 of 15

Drer\ddx3xb

2 of 15

Drer\ddx28

1 of 15

Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (7)

Cele\glh-1

5 of 15

Yes

Cele\glh-2

4 of 15

Yes

Cele\glh-3

4 of 15

Yes

Cele\laf-1

2 of 15

Cele\vbh-1

2 of 15

Cele\glh-4

1 of 15

Yes

Cele\mut-14

1 of 15

Yes

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (3)

Atha\AT2G42520

2 of 9

Yes

Atha\AT3G58510

2 of 9

Yes

Atha\AT3G58570

2 of 9

Yes

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (2)

Scer\DBP1

4 of 15

Yes

Scer\DED1

2 of 15

Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (1)

Spom\sum3

2 of 12

Yes

Ortholog(s) in Drosophila Species (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( EOG091904OE )

Organism

Common Name

Gene

AAA Syntenic Ortholog

Multiple Dmel Genes in this Orthologous Group

Drosophila suzukii

Spotted wing Drosophila

Dsuz\DS10_00000196

Drosophila yakuba

Dyak\GE20836

Orthologs in non-Drosophila Dipterans (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )

No non-Drosophilid orthologies identified

Orthologs in non-Dipteran Insects (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )

No non-Dipteran orthologies identified

Orthologs in non-Insect Arthropods (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )

No non-Insect Arthropod orthologies identified

Orthologs in non-Arthropod Metazoa (via OrthoDB v9.1) ( None identified )

No non-Arthropod Metazoa orthologies identified

Paralogs

Downloads

Download All DIOPT Paralogs

Paralogs (via DIOPT v8.0)

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (31)

Gene Symbol

Score

Source

Alignment

bel

4 of 10

Dbp21E2

3 of 10

abs

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

2 of 10

Hlc

2 of 10

mahe

2 of 10

me31B

2 of 10

pit

2 of 10

Rm62

2 of 10

Rs1

2 of 10

mus301

1 of 10

Human Disease Associations

FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports

cancer, multiple, germline-specific genes

Disease Model Summary Ribbon

Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 0 )

Human Ortholog

Disease

Evidence

References

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v8.0 and OMIM)

Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.

Homo sapiens (Human)

Gene name

Score

OMIM

OMIM Phenotype

DO term

Complementation?

Transgene?

DDX4; DEAD-box helicase 4

8 of 15

605281

Functional Complementation Data

Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.

Interactions

Summary of Physical Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

Interactions Browser

View in Interactions Browser

Please see the Physical Interaction reports below for full details

protein-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

vas - Art1

methyltransferase assay, autoradiography

(Boulanger et al., 2004)

vas - Cap-D2

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

vas - Dcr-1

(Megosh et al., 2006)

vas - Dhc64C

(Lerit and Gavis, 2011)

vas - Fmr1

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Megosh et al., 2006)

vas - Fsn

(Kugler et al., 2010)

vas - Klp10A

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Venkei et al., 2020)

vas - Nop60B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Durdevic and Ephrussi, 2019)

vas - Rm62

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Durdevic and Ephrussi, 2019)

vas - armi

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Durdevic and Ephrussi, 2019)

vas - aub

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, cross-linking study, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Durdevic and Ephrussi, 2019, Zheng et al., 2016, Pek and Kai, 2011)

vas - barr

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

vas - bel

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Durdevic and Ephrussi, 2019)

vas - bru1

pull down, western blot

(Webster et al., 1997)

vas - cup

two hybrid, pull down, anti tag western blot

(Ottone et al., 2012)

vas - eIF5B

(Dehghani and Lasko, 2016, Johnstone and Lasko, 2004, Carrera et al., 2000)

vas - faf

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, protein cross-linking with a bifunctional reagent, peptide massfingerprinting

(Liu et al., 2003)

vas - gus

two hybrid, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, isothermal titration calorimetry, predetermined participant, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag western blot, x-ray crystallography

(Dehghani and Lasko, 2016, Kugler et al., 2010, Woo et al., 2006, Woo et al., 2006, Styhler et al., 2002)

vas - me31B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(McCambridge et al., 2020)

vas - pAbp

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Durdevic and Ephrussi, 2019)

vas - piwi

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation

(Venkei et al., 2020, Megosh et al., 2006)

vas - qin

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Anand and Kai, 2012)

vas - spn-E

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

vas - sw

pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Lerit and Gavis, 2011)

vas - tapas

(Jeske et al., 2017, Patil et al., 2014)

vas - tej

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, pull down, molecular weight estimation by staining

(Jeske et al., 2017, Patil and Kai, 2010)

RNA-protein

Physical Interaction

Assay

References

vas - mei-P26

electrophoretic mobility shift assay, autoradiography

(Liu et al., 2009)

Summary of Genetic Interactions

esyN Network Diagram

esyN Network Key:

Suppression

Enhancement

View in Interactions Browser

Please look at the allele data for full details of the genetic interactions

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

suppressible

barr

(Pek and Kai, 2011)

suppressible

bel::vas

(Dehghani and Lasko, 2016)

enhanceable

eIF5B

(Carrera et al., 2000)

suppressible

nos

(Bergsten et al., 2001, Crucs et al., 2000)

Starting gene(s)

Interaction type

Interacting gene(s)

Reference

bam

suppressible

(Shen et al., 2009)

BicD

suppressible

(Liang et al., 1994)

Fsn

enhanceable

(Kugler et al., 2010)

l(3)mbt

suppressible

(Janic et al., 2010)

enhanceable

(Liu et al., 2009)

suppressible

(Wilson et al., 1996)

Tm1

enhanceable

(Jankovics et al., 2001)

Tm1|osk

enhanceable