Human Disease Model Report: diabetes mellitus type 2, susceptibility to, AKT-related

General Information

Name

diabetes mellitus type 2, susceptibility to, AKT-related

FlyBase ID

FBhh0000170

Disease Ontology Term

type 2 diabetes mellitus

Parent Disease

diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent (type 2) (fly models overview)

OMIM

Overview

This report describes diabetes mellitus type 2, susceptibility to, AKT-related. The human AKT2 gene has been implicated as a susceptibility locus for noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. AKT2 is one of three related serine/threonine-protein kinases in human (the others are AKT1 and AKT3); among its many functions, AKT2 plays a role in the regulation of glucose uptake into cells. AKT2 has also been implicated in a second disease, a type of hypoinsulinemic hypoglycemia (MIM:240900). There is a single fly gene, Dmel\Akt, orthologous to the three AKT genes in human. Classical hypomorphic alleles, RNAi-targeting constructs, and alleles caused by insertional mutagenesis have been generated for Dmel\Akt.

The human AKT1 gene has not been introduced into flies. A series of UAS constructs of the human Hsap\AKT2 gene, both wild-type and modified, have been introduced into flies, but have not been characterized.

Loss of function alleles of Dmel\Akt are lethal. Some compound heterozygous combinations survive to adulthood; they exhibit reduced body weight relative to controls and lipid content is increased relative to controls. Physical interaction(s) of the Dmel\Akt protein product have been described; see below and in the gene report for Akt. Notably, interaction of Dmel\Akt with Dmel\trbl has been characterized in the context of this Drosophila diabetes type 2 model; see the human disease model report 'insulin pathway effects, TRIB-related' (FBhh0000822).

[updated Apr. 2020 by FlyBase; FBrf0222196]

Disease Summary Information

Parent Disease Summary: diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent (type 2) (fly models overview)

Symptoms and phenotype

Diabetes mellitus, type 2, also called non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, occurs when cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, thus disrupting the body's ability to metabolize glucose and to properly control the amount of sugar in the blood. [from Genetics Home Reference, Diabetes; 2016.02.02]

(FlyBase Curators, 2013-)

Over time, high blood glucose can lead to serious problems such as cataracts and/or retinopathy, impaired kidney function, diabetic neuropathy, and macrovascular complications (heart attack, stroke, peripheral vascular disease). [from endocrineweb; http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/type-2-diabetes/type-2-diabetes-complications]

(FlyBase Curators, 2013-)

Specific Disease Summary: diabetes mellitus type 2, susceptibility to, AKT-related

OMIM report

Human gene(s) implicated

Symptoms and phenotype

See general description, above.

(OMIM, 2013-)

Genetics

Mutations in the gene AKT2 have been implicated in the development of diabetes mellitus type 2; in one family studied, the mutation was transmitted as a dominant. [from MIM:164731; 2016.02.04]

(OMIM, 2013-)

Cellular phenotype and pathology

Molecular information

AKT2 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis; over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far. One of the functions of AKT2 is regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. [from UniProt:P31751; 2016.02.03]

(FlyBase Curators, 2013-)

External links

Gene2Function (human gene): AKT2
Gene Cards: AKT2
MedlinePlus (gene): AKT2
MARRVEL (human gene): AKT2
NCBI MedGen: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (NIDDM)
NCBI (Entrez) gene: AKT2; AKT serine/threonine kinase 2

Disease synonyms

diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, AKT2-related

diabetes mellitus type 2, susceptibility to, AKT2-related

Related Diseases

Related human health report(s)

diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent (type 2) (fly models overview)

insulin pathway effects, TRIB-related

insulin signaling, regulation of fat storage, Drosophila fat body model

Related Specific Diseases

OMIM phenotypic series

Disease

Associated Human gene(s)

Drosophila model

Human transgene in Drosophila

Ortholog Information

Human gene(s) in FlyBase

Hsap\AKT2

Human gene (HGNC)

Symbol / Name

AKT2; AKT serine/threonine kinase 2

D. melanogaster ortholog (based on DIOPT)

Dmel\Akt

(DIOPT, 2013-)

Comments on ortholog(s)

Many to one: 2 human to 1 Drosophila; additional high-scoring ortholog in human is AKT3; additional lower scoring orthologs are also present in human.

Other mammalian ortholog(s) used

D. melanogaster Gene Information (1)

Dmel\Akt

Gene Snapshot

Akt kinase (Akt) encodes the core kinase component of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor pathway. It functions downstream of the product of Pi3K92E and is activated by phosphatidylinositol binding and phosphorylation. It regulates cell growth and survival, stress responses and ageing. [Date last reviewed: 2019-03-07]

Molecular function (GO)

Cellular component (GO)

Gene Groups / Pathways

Comments on ortholog(s)

Moderate- to high-scoring ortholog of human genes AKT2, AKT3, and AKT1 (1 Drosophila to 3 human). Dmel\Akt shares 60-64% identity and 75-77% similarity with these human genes.

Orthologs and Alignments from DRSC

DIOPT - DRSC Integrative Ortholog Prediction Tool - Click the link below to search for orthologs in Humans

H. sapiens (Human)

Other Genes Used: Viral, Bacterial, Synthetic (0)

Summary of Physical Interactions (133 groups)

Akt

protein-protein

Interacting group

Assay

References

Akt - Act57B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Afg3l2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Akap200

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - αCOP

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Arc42

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Arf1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - AsnRS

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Atpα

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - ATPsynβ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - ATPsynγ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - ben

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - βTub60D

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - βTub97EF

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - blw

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - cathD

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CCT1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CCT2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CCT4

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CCT5

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CCT6

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CCT7

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CCT8

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CG1416

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CG2614

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CG5504

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CG9281

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CG15784

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Chc

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - clu

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - cpa

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - cpb

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - CtsK1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - δCOP

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Desat1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Dref

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Drice

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Droj2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - eEF1α1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - eEF2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - eIF2α

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - eIF2γ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - eIF4A

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - eIF4G1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - FASN1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - fax

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - fkh

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Bolukbasi et al., 2017)

Akt - GCS2β

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Gfat2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Gmppb

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - GstE7

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Hel25E

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Hsc70-2

proximity ligation assay, fluorescence microscopy

(Azuma et al., 2021)

Akt - Hsc70-3

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Hsc70-5

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Hsp60A

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - hts

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Ipo9

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Kap-α3

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Kcmf1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - l(1)G0320

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - l(2)09851

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Ldh

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - lic

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Lon

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Mcad

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - MetRS

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Mkk4

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - mRpL12

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - mts

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Gil-Ranedo et al., 2019)

Akt - Nap1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Nfs1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Nph

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - nst

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Ogdh1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Ost1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Ost48

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Pcb

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - pch2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - PCNA

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Pdha1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - pic

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Pp2A-29B

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Psa

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Pyk

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rack1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - r-l

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rop

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpL9

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpL17

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpL23

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpL31

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpLP1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpn1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpn5

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpn9

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpn10

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpn13

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpS7

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpS9

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpS14a

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpS15Aa

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpS16

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - RpS17

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpt1

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpt2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpt4

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpt5

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Rpt6

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Sams

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Scox

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - ScsβA

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - ScsβG

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - SERCA

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Shmt

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - slmb

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, anti tag western blot

(Wong et al., 2013)

Akt - smid

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Sply

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - sqd

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Srlp

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - SsRβ

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Tctp

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - TER94

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Tkt

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - trbl

pull down, autoradiography, anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot, two hybrid

(Fischer et al., 2025, Fischer et al., 2017, Das et al., 2014)

Akt - Trmt2a

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - tud

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - UQCR-C2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - Vha68-2

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - wal

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

Akt - wdb

anti bait coimmunoprecipitation, western blot

(Fischer et al., 2015, Vereshchagina et al., 2008)

Akt - yki

enzymatic study, western blot

(Li et al., 2022)

Akt - yps

anti tag coimmunoprecipitation, Identification by mass spectrometry

(Vinayagam et al., 2016)

RNA-RNA

Interacting group

Assay

References

Akt - mir-263b

luminiscence technology

(Kim et al., 2025)

Alleles Reported to Model Human Disease (Disease Ontology) (16 alleles)

Akt

Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 6 )

Allele

Disease

Evidence

References

Akt¹

model of type 2 diabetes mellitus

CEA with Akt³

(Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011)

Akt³

model of type 2 diabetes mellitus

CEA with Akt¹

(Murillo-Maldonado et al., 2011)

Akt^EY10012

model of Parkinson's disease

CEA

(Inamdar et al., 2014)

Akt^UAS.Exel

model of alcohol use disorder

CEA

(Eddison et al., 2011)

Akt⁰⁴²²⁶

model of Parkinson's disease

CEA

(Inamdar et al., 2014)

Akt^{ΔPH.UAS.Tag:Myr(Unk)}

model of carcinoma

CEA

(Bhattacharya et al., 2024)

Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 16 )

Allele

Disease

Interaction

References

Akt^HMS00007

ameliorates cancer

modeled by yki^{S111A.S168A.S250A.UAS.Tag:V5}

(Lee et al., 2021)

exacerbates frontotemporal dementia

modeled by Hsap\CHMP2B^Intron5.UAS

(West et al., 2018)

Akt^HM04007

exacerbates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.UAS.cBa}

(Na et al., 2023)

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.E693G.UAS.VTR}

(Sharma et al., 2025)

Akt^GD1361

ameliorates brain glioma

modeled by btl::Egfr^λ.UAS, Pi3K92E^{UAS.Tag:MYC,Tag:PM(hKRAS)}

(Read et al., 2009)

ameliorates acute myeloid leukemia

modeled by Hsap\RUNX1::Hsap\RUNX1T1^UAS.cSa

(Sinenko et al., 2010)

Akt¹

ameliorates carcinoma

modeled by Ras85D^V12.UAS, scrib¹

(Igaki et al., 2006)

Akt³

exacerbates frontotemporal dementia

modeled by Hsap\CHMP2B^Intron5.UAS

(West et al., 2018)

Akt^EY10012

ameliorates alcohol use disorder

modeled by aru^8.128

(Eddison et al., 2011)

Akt^UAS.Exel

ameliorates neurodegenerative disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^Q93.ex1.UAS

(Liévens et al., 2008)

ameliorates C9orf72 frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

modeled by Zzzz\poly-GR^{80.UAS.Tag:FLAG}

(Li et al., 2020)

modeled by Zzzz\poly-PR^{80.UAS.Tag:FLAG}

(Li et al., 2020)

ameliorates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.E693G.UAS.VTR}

(Sharma et al., 2025)

ameliorates cancer

modeled by Ras85D^V12.QUAS.cLa, scrib^{QUAS.HMS01490}

(Bakopoulos et al., 2023)

Akt^UAS.Tag:HA

exacerbates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Chen et al., 2003)

ameliorates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{128Q.1-336.UAS}

(Branco et al., 2008)

exacerbates olivopontocerebellar atrophy

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Branco et al., 2008)

Akt^{T342D.S505D.GMR}

ameliorates C9orf72 frontotemporal dementia and/or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

modeled by Zzzz\GGGGCC^36.UAS

(Atilano et al., 2021)

Akt⁰⁴²²⁶

ameliorates autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Chen et al., 2003)

exacerbates Huntington's disease

modeled by Hsap\HTT^{128Q.1-336.UAS}

(Branco et al., 2008)

ameliorates olivopontocerebellar atrophy

modeled by Hsap\ATXN1^82Q.UAS

(Branco et al., 2008)

exacerbates frontotemporal dementia

modeled by Hsap\CHMP2B^Intron5.UAS

(West et al., 2018)

ameliorates cancer

modeled by Csk^Q156Stop, Ras85D^V12.UAS

(Hirabayashi et al., 2013)

ameliorates carcinoma

modeled by Csk^Q156Stop, InR^A1325D.UAS, Ras85D^V12.UAS

(Hirabayashi and Cagan, 2015)

Akt^KK100495

ameliorates acute myeloid leukemia

modeled by Hsap\RUNX1::Hsap\RUNX1T1^UAS.cSa

(Sinenko et al., 2010)

ameliorates high grade glioma

modeled by Wdr62^UAS.Tag:HA

(Shohayeb et al., 2020)

Akt^{UAS.Tag:Myr(Unk)}

ameliorates glucose metabolism disease

modeled by Tl^10b.UAS.cUa

(Roth et al., 2018)

Akt^{T342D.UAS.Tag:HA}

ameliorates glucose metabolism disease

modeled by Tl^10b.UAS.cUa

(Roth et al., 2018)

Akt^{ΔPH.UAS.Tag:Myr(Unk)}

exacerbates frontotemporal dementia

modeled by Hsap\CHMP2B^Intron5.UAS

(West et al., 2018)

ameliorates intestinal cancer

modeled by yki^{3SA.lexAop.sfGFP}

(Saavedra et al., 2023)

ameliorates cancer

modeled by yki^{3SA.lexAop.Tag:Myr(Unk),GFP}

(Chen et al., 2022)

ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus

modeled by Uch^KO

(Lee et al., 2024)

Akt^HMS06047

ameliorates carcinoma

modeled by yki^HMS00041

(Bhattacharya et al., 2024)

Akt^RNAi.UAS.cUa

ameliorates Alzheimer's disease 1

modeled by Hsap\APP^{Aβ42.UAS.cUa}

(Cheng et al., 2021)

Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants

Genetic Tools, Stocks and Reagents

Sources of Stocks

Contact lab of origin for a reagent not available from a public stock center.

Bloomington Stock Center Disease Page

Metabolism/Diabetes/Obesity

Related mammalian, viral, bacterial, or synthetic transgenes

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

Hsap\AKT2^UAS.cFa

P{UAS-hAKT2.F}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-hAKT2.F}attP40/CyO

Hsap\AKT2^{C60S.C77S.UAS}

P{UAS-hAKT2.C60S.C77S}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-hAKT2.C60S.C77S}attP40

Hsap\AKT2^C124S.UAS

P{UAS-hAKT2.C124S}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-hAKT2.C124S}attP40/CyO

Hsap\AKT2^C297S.UAS

P{UAS-hAKT2.C297S}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-hAKT2.C297S}attP40

Hsap\AKT2^UAS.Tag:HA

PBac{UAS-hAKT2.HA}

y¹ w^*; PBac{UAS-hAKT2.HA}VK00037/SM6a

Selected Drosophila transgenes

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

Akt^{T342D.UAS.Tag:HA}

P{UAS-Akt.T342D.HA}

Akt^{ΔPH.UAS.Tag:Myr(Unk)}

P{UAS-myr-Akt.DeltaPH}

w^*; P{UAS-myr-Akt.ΔPH}3/TM3, Sb¹

Akt^UAS.Tag:HA

P{UAS-Akt.HA}

Akt^{T342D.S505D.GMR}

P{GMR-Akt.T342D.S505D}

P{GMR-Akt.T342D.S505D}1, y¹ w¹¹¹⁸

Akt^UAS.Exel

P{UAS-Akt.Exel}

y¹ w¹¹¹⁸; P{UAS-Akt.Exel}2

Akt^{UAS.Tag:Myr(Unk)}

P{UAS-myr-Akt.V}

RNAi constructs available

Allele

Transgene

Publicly Available Stocks

Akt^HMS06047

P{TRiP.HMS06047}

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMS06047}attP40/CyO

Akt^{lexAop.HMS00007}

P{lexAop-HMS00007}

Akt^{RNAi.13xlexAop.cZa}

P{13xlexAop-Akt.RNAi.Z}

w¹¹¹⁸; P{GD1361}v2902

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HM04007}attP2

Akt^HMS00007

P{TRiP.HMS00007}

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMS00007}attP2

y¹ v¹; P{TRiP.HMJ21422}attP40/CyO

Akt^GL00040

P{TRiP.GL00040}

Selected Drosophila classical alleles

Allele

Allele class

Mutagen

Publicly Available Stocks

Akt^EY10012

P-element activity

y¹ w^67c23; P{EPgy2}Akt^EY10012/TM3, Sb¹ Ser¹

Akt¹

loss of function allele

Akt³

Akt⁰⁴²²⁶

P-element activity

ry⁵⁰⁶ P{PZ}Akt⁰⁴²²⁶/TM3, ry^RK Sb¹ Ser¹

References (20)

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