FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
FB2025_05 , released December 11, 2025
CV Term Report
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General Information
Term dopaminergic PPM3 neuron ID (Ontology) FBbt:00100218 (Fly Anatomy)
Definition A dopaminergic neuron whose cell body is located in a cluster in the cortex of the superior posterior slope of the adult brain (Mao and Davis, 2009). There are approximately 8-9 of these cells and their axons project along the medial equatorial fascicle to the central complex and adjacent neuropil regions (Omoto et al., 2018). It belongs to the DM6 (CM3) primary lineage (Ren et al., 2016; Hartenstein et al., 2017; Schlegel et al., 2024), but does not mature until metamorphosis (Hartenstein et al., 2017).[ FlyBase:FBrf0048550 FlyBase:FBrf0208427 FlyBase:FBrf0233706 FlyBase:FBrf0234128 FlyBase:FBrf0240929 FlyBase:FBrf0260535 ]
Also Known As "PM cell cluster neuron" ; "PPM3" ; "PPM3 cluster neuron" (for all, see Synonyms field below)
Comment Mao and Davis (2009) identify 8 protocerebral clusters coincidentally positive for TH-GAL4 activity and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity, implying these cells are dopaminergic. The cluster of PPM3 neurons was judged by a curator to correspond to the PM cell cluster in Budnik and White (1988). Hartenstein et al. (2017) map PPM3 to CM4 (DM4) primary lineage based on morphology and HU application, Ren et al. (2016) - map to CM3 (DM6) secondary lineage based on markers and heat shock induction, Schlegel et al. (2024) assign all subtypes as DM6 primary neurons based on EM.
Links to External Ontologies
VFB:FBbt_00100218
Annotations
Records annotated with this term OR any of its CHILD TERMS
Records annotated with this exact term (annotations to child terms are NOT included)
Data Class Field Records
Alleles (FBal)  PHENOTYPE_MANIFEST_IN      43
Insertions (FBti)  EXPRESSION_STAGE_TISSUE_POSITION       5
Insertions (FBti)  PHENOTYPE_MANIFEST_IN       2
Constructs (FBtp)  PHENOTYPE_MANIFEST_IN      44
show Full annotation statements including this term (annotations to child terms are NOT included), and relevant FlyBase records
 Full annotation statements 
Relevant FlyBase reports
 Alleles  Genes Insertions Constructs
 dopaminergic PPM3 neuron (all annotations which use CV term, excluding "NOT" statements)      43      4      1      7     62
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | adult stage      15       --       --       2     19
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | adult stage | chemical conditional       3       --       --       --       3
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | adult stage | decreased number       4       --       --       --      10
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | adult stage | increased number       2       --       --       --       2
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | adult stage | progressive      10       --       --       --       8
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | conditional       3       --       --       --       2
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | decreased number       7       --       --       --       5
     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron | progressive       8       --       --       --       7
Spanning Tree (Parents/Children)
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neuron
 |__primary neuron___________________
dopaminergic neuron                  |
 |__adult dopaminergic neuron________|
adult neuron                         |
 |__adult central complex neuron_____|
CM3 lineage neuron                   |
 |__adult DM6 lineage neuron_________|
adult aminergic neuron               |
 |__adult dopaminergic neuron________|
CNS neuron                           |
 |__supraesophageal ganglion neuron__|
adult CNS neuron                     |
 |__adult DM6 lineage neuron_________|
                                     dopaminergic PPM3 neuron  162 rec.
                                      |__EB neuron of the dopaminergic PPM3 cluster 28 rec.
                                      |__mFB neuron of the dopaminergic PPM3 cluster 33 rec.
                                      |   |__dopaminergic PPM3 fan-shaped body layer 4 neuron
                                      |   |__dopaminergic PPM3 fan-shaped body layer 4-nodulus neuron
                                      |__vFB neuron of the dopaminergic PPM3 cluster 39 rec.
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Is a supraesophageal ganglion neuron
primary neuron
adult central complex neuron
adult DM6 lineage neuron
adult dopaminergic neuron
Develops from immature dopaminergic PPM3 neuron
Part of adult brain
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Synonyms
  • "PM cell cluster neuron" EXACT[ FlyBase:FBrf0048550 ]
    "PPM3" EXACT VFB_SYMBOL[ FlyBase:FBrf0208427 ]
    "PPM3 cluster neuron" EXACT
    "protocerebral posteriomedial dopaminergic cluster 3 neuron" EXACT
    "protocerebral posterior medial dopaminergic cluster neuron 3" EXACT
    "TH-positive posterior medial cluster neuron 3" EXACT
Secondary IDs
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VFB:FBbt_00100218