Wild-type larval locomotion across and agar plate leaves a trail of similar mouthook imprints at regular intervals. In contrast Sh^unspecified mutant larvae leave trails of irregularly spaced mouthook imprints. Rhythmic contraction waves are rarely observed in these animals and spike activity recording from segmental nerves is also highly irregular - very different from the regular rhythmic activity seen in wild-type.

After 10Hz stimulation to a single segmental nerve in the larva, Sh mutants display a sudden jump in the amplitude of intracellularly recorded excitatory junctional potentials (ejps) in the stimulated nerve. The amplitude of this response is much greater than in wild-type, in which ejps gradually increase in amplitude and reach a low plateau level. Unlike in Shab mutants, a similar response is seen to low frequency stimulation (0.5Hz). These effects are seen most clearly at low Ca²⁺ concentrations (0.1mM) and are indistinguishable from wild-type at higher Ca²⁺ concentrations (>0.5mM). At higher stimulation frequencies (20Hz and 30Hz) the onset time of giant ejps becomes shorter.

In response to twin-pulse stimulation with an interpulse interval (IPI) of 100ms at 0.2mM Ca²⁺, Sh mutants exhibit similar facilitation of neurotransmitter release as wild-type. At lower IPI (20ms) Sh mutants tend to show synaptic depression.

From en passant recordings of action potentials at segmental nerves in the larva after low-frequency stimulation (<=0.5 Hz) Sh mutants display an additional spike and larger ejp. compared to wild-type or Shab mutants.

Sh^unspecified, ine^unspecified has visible phenotype

Sh^unspecified, ine^unspecified has wing phenotype