FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
FB2026_01 , released March 12, 2026
Gene: Dmel\GatC
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General Information
Symbol
Dmel\GatC
Species
D. melanogaster
Name
Glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase, subunit C
Annotation Symbol
CG33649
Feature Type
protein_coding_gene
FlyBase ID
FBgn0064115
Gene Model Status
Current
Stock Availability
6 publicly available
Gene Summary
Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in the mitochondria. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln). (UniProt, Q86BL4)
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All Summaries
Key Links
Genomic Location
Cytogenetic map
34D1-34D1
Sequence location
Recombination map
2-49
RefSeq locus
NT_033779 REGION:13831482..13833105
Sequence
Get Decorated FASTA
Genomic Maps
Other Genome Views
The following external sites may use different assemblies or annotations than FlyBase.
NCBI
UCSC
Ensembl
PopFly
Function
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations (5 terms)
Molecular Function (0 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (0 terms)
Biological Process (3 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (3 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
involved_in glutaminyl-tRNAGln biosynthesis via transamidation
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:O43716
(Lu et al., 2015)
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN000385050
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
involved_in mitochondrial translation
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001030184
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:O43716
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
involved_in regulation of translational fidelity
inferred from electronic annotation with InterPro:IPR003837, InterPro:IPR036113
(InterPro Project Members, 2004-)
Cellular Component (2 terms)
Terms Based on Experimental Evidence (0 terms)
Terms Based on Predictions or Assertions (2 terms)
CV Term
Evidence
References
part_of glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001030184
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:O43716
(Lu et al., 2015, Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
is_active_in mitochondrion
inferred from biological aspect of ancestor with PANTHER:PTN001030184
(GO Reference Genome Project, 2011-)
located_in mitochondrion
inferred from sequence or structural similarity with UniProtKB:O43716
(Gene Ontology Curators, 2002-)
Gene Group (FlyBase)
Protein Family (UniProt)
Belongs to the GatC family. (Q86BL4)
Protein Signatures (InterPro)
Summaries
Gene Group (FlyBase)
GLUTAMYL-TRNA(GLN) AMIDOTRANSFERASE COMPLEX -
The glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex is a heterotrimer that catalyzes the transamidation of a mischarged glutamyl moiety on a tRNA[Gln] (Glu-tRNA[Gln]) and thereby synthesizes Gln-tRNA[Gln]. This indirect mechanism for generating Gln-tRNA[Gln] is necessary in systems that lack a specific glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (GlnRS) enzyme, which includes the majority of bacteria, all known archaea, and eukaryotic mitochondria. The GATC subunit is required for the proper folding of the catalytic A and B subunits. (Adapted from PMID:19805282 and PMID: 24579914.)
Protein Function (UniProtKB)
Allows the formation of correctly charged Gln-tRNA(Gln) through the transamidation of misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln) in the mitochondria. The reaction takes place in the presence of glutamine and ATP through an activated gamma-phospho-Glu-tRNA(Gln).
(UniProt, Q86BL4)
Gene Model and Products
Number of Transcripts
1
Number of Unique Polypeptides
1

Please see the JBrowse view of Dmel\GatC for information on other features

To submit a correction to a gene model please use the Contact FlyBase form

Protein Domains (via Pfam)
Isoform displayed:
Pfam protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Protein Domains (via SMART)
Isoform displayed:
SMART protein domains
InterPro name
classification
start
end
Structure
Protein 3D structure   (Predicted by AlphaFold)   (AlphaFold entry Q86BL4)

If you don't see a structure in the viewer, refresh your browser.
Model Confidence:
  • Very high (pLDDT > 90)
  • Confident (90 > pLDDT > 70)
  • Low (70 > pLDDT > 50)
  • Very low (pLDDT < 50)

AlphaFold produces a per-residue confidence score (pLDDT) between 0 and 100. Some regions with low pLDDT may be unstructured in isolation.

Experimentally Determined Structures
Crossreferences
Comments on Gene Model

Gene model reviewed during 5.41

Gene model reviewed during 5.52

Multiphase exon postulated: this gene shares a region of coding sequence with an overlapping gene, but different reading frames are utilized in the overlapping coding region.

Transcript Data
Annotated Transcripts
Name
FlyBase ID
RefSeq ID
Length (nt)
Assoc. CDS (aa)
GatC-RA
FBtr0091626
NM_001032092
1570
148
Additional Transcript Data and Comments
Reported size (kB)
Comments
External Data
Crossreferences
Polypeptide Data
Annotated Polypeptides
Name
FlyBase ID
Predicted MW (kDa)
Length (aa)
Theoretical pI
UniProt
RefSeq ID
GenBank
GatC-PA
FBpp0088773
16.9
148
6.52
Q86BL4
NP_001027263
AAO41185
Polypeptides with Identical Sequences

There is only one protein coding transcript and one polypeptide associated with this gene

Additional Polypeptide Data and Comments
Reported size (kDa)
Comments
External Data
Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)

Subunit of the heterotrimeric GatCAB amidotransferase (AdT) complex, composed of A, B and C subunits.

(UniProt, Q86BL4)
Crossreferences
InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
Linkouts
Sequences Consistent with the Gene Model
Nucleotide / Polypeptide Records
 
UniProt
Mapped Features

Click to get a list of regulatory features (enhancers, TFBS, etc.) and gene disruptions (point mutations, indels, etc.) within or overlapping Dmel\GatC using the Feature Mapper tool.

External Data
Crossreferences
Linkouts
Expression Data
Testis-specificity index

The testis specificity index was calculated from modENCODE tissue expression data by Vedelek et al., 2018 to indicate the degree of testis enrichment compared to other tissues. Scores range from -2.52 (underrepresented) to 5.2 (very high testis bias).

NA

Transcript Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Polypeptide Expression
Additional Descriptive Data
Marker for
 
Subcellular Localization
CV Term
Evidence
References
Expression Deduced from Reporters
High-Throughput Expression Data
Associated Tools

JBrowse - Visual display of RNA-Seq signals

View Dmel\GatC in JBrowse
RNA-Seq by Region - Search RNA-Seq expression levels by exon or genomic region
Bulk Downloads
RNA-Seq RPKM values for all genes
Reference
See Gelbart and Emmert, 2013 for analysis details and data files for all genes.
Developmental Proteome: Life Cycle
Developmental Proteome: Embryogenesis
External Data and Images
Linkouts
DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
Images
FlyBase Wiki
Image Based Resources
Alleles, Insertions, Transgenic Constructs, and Aberrations
Classical and Insertion Alleles ( 3 )
For All Classical and Insertion Alleles Show
 
Other relevant insertions
Transgenic Constructs ( 3 )
For All Alleles Carried on Transgenic Constructs Show
Transgenic constructs containing/affecting coding region of GatC
Transgenic constructs containing regulatory region of GatC
Aberrations (Deficiencies and Duplications) ( 0 )
Inferred from experimentation ( 0 )
Inferred from location ( 5 )
Variants
Variant Molecular Consequences
Alleles Representing Disease-Implicated Variants
Phenotypes
For more details about a specific phenotype click on the relevant allele symbol.
Other Phenotypes
Allele
abnormal eye color, with Scer\GAL4eya.enh1+E+2
visible | adult stage, with Scer\GAL4eya.enh1+E+2
Phenotype manifest in
Allele
eye, with Scer\GAL4eya.enh1+E+2
Orthologs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Orthologs
Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Homo sapiens (Human) (1)
Hsap\GATC
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Model Organism Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Species\Gene Symbol
Score
Best Score
Best Reverse Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Hieranoid
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Complementation?
Transgene?
Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) (1)
Rnor\Gatc
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Mus musculus (laboratory mouse) (1)
Mmus\Gatc
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog) (1)
Xtro\gatc
9 of 13
Yes
Yes
Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (1)
Drer\gatc
12 of 14
Yes
Yes
Caenorhabditis elegans (Nematode, roundworm) (1)
Cele\Y66D12A.7
11 of 14
Yes
Yes
Anopheles gambiae (African malaria mosquito) (1)
Agam\AgaP_AGAP013093
11 of 12
Yes
Yes
Arabidopsis thaliana (thale-cress) (1)
Atha\AT4G32915
1 of 13
Yes
Yes
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Brewer's yeast) (0)
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Fission yeast) (0)
Escherichia coli (enterobacterium) (0)
Other Organism Orthologs (via OrthoDB)
Data provided directly from OrthoDB:GatC. Refer to their site for version information.
Paralogs
Downloads
Download All DIOPT Paralogs
Paralogs (via DIOPT v9.1)
Gene Symbol
Score
Source
Compara
Domainoid
eggNOG
Homologene
Inparanoid
OMA
OrthoDB
OrthoFinder
OrthoInspector
orthoMCL
Panther
Phylome
SonicParanoid
Alignment
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) (1)
PolG2
1 of 13
Human Disease Associations
FlyBase Human Disease Model Reports
    Disease Ontology (DO) Annotations
    Models Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Evidence
    References
    Potential Models Based on Orthology ( 1 )
    Modifiers Based on Experimental Evidence ( 0 )
    Allele
    Disease
    Interaction
    References
    Disease Associations of Human Orthologs (via DIOPT v9.1 and OMIM)
    Note that ortholog calls supported by only 1 or 2 algorithms (DIOPT score < 3) are not shown.
    Homo sapiens (Human)
    Gene name
    Score
    OMIM
    OMIM Phenotype
    DO term
    Complementation?
    Transgene?
    GATC; glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit C
    12 of 14
    617210
    Functional Complementation Data
    Functional complementation data is computed by FlyBase using a combination of the orthology data obtained from DIOPT and OrthoDB and the allele-level genetic interaction data curated from the literature.
    Interactions
    Summary of Physical Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Summary of Genetic Interactions
    Interaction Browsers
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    Starting gene(s)
    Interaction type
    Interacting gene(s)
    Reference
    External Data
    Subunit Structure (UniProtKB)
    Subunit of the heterotrimeric GatCAB amidotransferase (AdT) complex, composed of A, B and C subunits.
    (UniProt, Q86BL4 )
    Linkouts
    DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
    Pathways
    Signaling Pathways (FlyBase)
    Metabolic Pathways
    FlyBase
    External Links
    KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    External Data
    Linkouts
    KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
    Class of Gene
    Genomic Location and Detailed Mapping Data
    Chromosome (arm)
    2L
    Recombination map
    2-49
    Cytogenetic map
    34D1-34D1
    Sequence location
    FlyBase Computed Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Evidence for location
    34D1-34D1
    Limits computationally determined from genome sequence between P{lacW}Sosk05224&P{lacW}RpII33k05605 and P{lacW}l(2)34Fak00811&P{PZ}wb09437
    Experimentally Determined Cytological Location
    Cytogenetic map
    Notes
    References
    Experimentally Determined Recombination Data
    Location

    2-49

    (FlyBase, 2016)

    2-45.1

    (Comeron et al., 2012)
    Left of (cM)
    Right of (cM)
    Notes
    Stocks and Reagents
    Stocks (6)
    Genomic Clones (21)
    cDNA Clones (411)
     

    Please Note This section lists cDNAs and ESTs that fall within the genomic extent of the gene model, which may include cDNAs and ESTs of genes within introns, or of overlapping genes. Please see JBrowse for alignment of the cDNAs and ESTs to the gene model.

    cDNA clones, fully sequenced
    BDGP DGC clones
    Other clones
      Drosophila Genomics Resource Center cDNA clones

      For each fully sequenced cDNA the DGRC maintains various forms of the cDNA (e.g tagged or untagged) in several different host vectors for subsequent cloning and expression in Drosophila and Drosophila cell lines.

      cDNA Clones, End Sequenced (ESTs)
      BDGP DGC clones
      Other clones
      RNAi and Array Information
      Linkouts
      DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
      Antibody Information
      Laboratory Generated Antibodies
       
      Commercially Available Antibodies
       
      Cell Line Information
      Publicly Available Cell Lines
       
        Other Stable Cell Lines
         
          Other Comments

          Area matching Drosophila Acc. No. U94702.

          (Davies, 2001.3.15)
          Relationship to Other Genes
          Source for database merge of
          Additional comments

          Dicistronic annotation CG33084 split out into separate annotations for each open reading frame, CG33649 and CG33650 in release 4.2 of the genome annotation. CG33650 corresponds to DNApol-γ35.

          (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2005)

          One or more of the processed transcripts for this gene contain(s) two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). The non-overlapping ORFs are represented by CG33649 and DNApol-γ35.

          (FlyBase Genome Annotators, 2002-2003)
          Nomenclature History
          Source for database identify of

          Source for identity of: GatC CG33649

          (Lu et al., 2015)
          Nomenclature comments
          Etymology
          Synonyms and Secondary IDs (7)
          Reported As
          Symbol Synonym
          CG33084
          (McEachern et al., 2014)
          CG33084-ORFA
          CG33649
          (National Institute of Genetics Fly Stocks, 2022-, Hosono et al., 2015, Lu et al., 2015)
          CG8969
          GatC
          (Lu et al., 2015)
          Name Synonyms
          Glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase, subunit C
          glutamyl-tRNA amidotransferase subunit C
          (Lu et al., 2015)
          Secondary FlyBase IDs
          • FBgn0053084
          • FBgn0053649
          • FBtr0089832
          • FBtr0089833
          • FBpp0088774
          Datasets (0)
          Study focus (0)
          Experimental Role
          Project
          Project Type
          Title
          Study result (0)
          Result
          Result Type
          Title
          External Crossreferences and Linkouts ( 33 )
          Sequence Crossreferences
          NCBI Gene - Gene integrates information from a wide range of species. A record may include nomenclature, Reference Sequences (RefSeqs), maps, pathways, variations, phenotypes, and links to genome-, phenotype-, and locus-specific resources worldwide.
          GenBank Nucleotide - A collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA, and PDB.
          GenBank Protein - A collection of sequences from several sources, including translations from annotated coding regions in GenBank, RefSeq and TPA, as well as records from SwissProt, PIR, PRF, and PDB.
          RefSeq - A comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant, well-annotated set of reference sequences including genomic, transcript, and protein.
          UniProt/GCRP - The gene-centric reference proteome (GCRP) provides a 1:1 mapping between genes and UniProt accessions in which a single 'canonical' isoform represents the product(s) of each protein-coding gene.
          UniProt/Swiss-Prot - Manually annotated and reviewed records of protein sequence and functional information
          Other crossreferences
          AlphaFold DB - AlphaFold provides open access to protein structure predictions for the human proteome and other key proteins of interest, to accelerate scientific research.
          DRscDB - A single-cell RNA-seq resource for data mining and data comparison across species
          EMBL-EBI Single Cell Expression Atlas - Single cell expression across species
          FlyAtlas2 - A Drosophila melanogaster expression atlas with RNA-Seq, miRNA-Seq and sex-specific data
          FlyMine - An integrated database for Drosophila genomics
          InterPro - A database of protein families, domains and functional sites
          KEGG Genes - Molecular building blocks of life in the genomic space.
          MARRVEL_MODEL - MARRVEL (model organism gene)
          Linkouts
          Drosophila Genomics Resource Center - Drosophila Genomics Resource Center (DGRC) cDNA clones
          DroID - A comprehensive database of gene and protein interactions.
          DRSC - Results frm RNAi screens
          FlyCyc Genes - Genes from a BioCyc PGDB for Dmel
          Fly-FISH - A database of Drosophila embryo and larvae mRNA localization patterns
          iBeetle-Base - RNAi phenotypes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum)
          KEGG Metabolic Pathways - A collection of manually drawn metabolic pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          KEGG Pathways - A collection of manually drawn pathway maps representing knowledge of molecular interaction, reaction and relation networks.
          References (28)