Males not conditioned by courtship of fertilized females, apparently because they fail to elicit the appropriate cues from them; this means, further, that after a dg¹ male courts a fertilized female, a wild-type male will not show the usual depressed courtship of this female; yet if the fertilized female is first courted by a wild-type male, a dg¹ male will exhibit depressed courtship of her; females fertilized by dg¹ males do not effectively modify subsequent courtships directed at them by any male type.

dg¹ males can, in general, learn, in artificial test situations such as those involving females to which quinine is applied.

dg¹ males can, in general, learn, in artificial test situations such as those using shocks and odorants.