The kl-3 Y chromosome loop is absent in lup-1HB223 mutant primary spermatocytes. Homozygous lup-1HB223 females are 75% less fertile than wild-type females. In the axoneme of lup-1HB223 sperm flagella, the outer dynein arms are generally absent and the inner dynein arm complement is incomplete. Additionally, there are further defects in axonemal organization, such as a tendency for the axoneme to fragment longitudinally, an ectopic assembly of microtubular doublets within the cytoplasm and the presence of supernumerary central tubules, which appear to assemble from pre-existing microtubules.
Lack kl-3 Y chromosome loop.
J.H.P. Hackstein