Expression of Ctl2^HMS02835 from second instar larval stage onward, under the combined control of Scer\GAL4^nub.PK and Gal80[ts], leads to abnormal wings that are shrunken and swollen due to accumulated fluid; unlike controls, wings are highly permeable to the dye Eosin Y; cuticle is decreased and TEM analysis shows that wing veins lack epicuticle; the dorsal ventral compartments in the defective wings are split, thereby forming empty cavities.