A dipeptide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of <em>N</em>-benzyloxycarbonyl-<small>L</small>-valine with the amino group of <small>L</small>-phenylalanine aldehyde. It is a potent cell-permeable inhibitor of calpain I and II, and is also a γ-secretase inhibitor. ChEBI: MDL-28170 is a dipeptide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-valine with the amino group of L-phenylalanine aldehyde. It is a potent cell-permeable inhibitor of calpain I and II, and is also a gamma-secretase inhibitor. It has a role as an anticoronaviral agent, an apoptosis inhibitor, an antileishmanial agent, an EC 3.4.23.46 (memapsin 2) inhibitor, an EC 3.4.22.52 (calpain-1) inhibitor and an EC 3.4.22.53 (calpain-2) inhibitor. It is a secondary carboxamide, an aldehyde and a carbamate ester.