The glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex is a heterotrimer that catalyzes the transamidation of a mischarged glutamyl moiety on a tRNA[Gln] (Glu-tRNA[Gln]) and thereby synthesizes Gln-tRNA[Gln]. This indirect mechanism for generating Gln-tRNA[Gln] is necessary in systems that lack a specific glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (GlnRS) enzyme, which includes the majority of bacteria, all known archaea, and eukaryotic mitochondria. The GATC subunit is required for the proper folding of the catalytic A and B subunits. (Adapted from
PMID:19805282 and PMID: 24579914.)
